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/** R : A Computer Language for Statistical Data Analysis* Copyright (C) 2000-3 The R Development Core Team.** This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or* (at your option) any later version.** This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the* GNU General Public License for more details.** You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA*/#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H# include <config.h>#endif#include <Defn.h>#include <Fileio.h>#include <zlib.h> /* needs to be before Rconnections.h */#include <Rconnections.h>#include <R_ext/Complex.h>#include <R_ext/R-ftp-http.h>#include <R_ext/RS.h> /* R_chk_calloc and Free */#undef ERROR /* for compilation on Windows */int R_OutputCon; /* used in printutils.c */#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H# include <unistd.h>#endif#ifdef HAVE_FCNTL_H# include <fcntl.h>#endif#if defined __GNUC__ && __GNUC__ >= 2__extension__ typedef long long int _lli_t;#elsetypedef long long int _lli_t;#endif/* Win32 does have popen, but it does not work in GUI applications,so test that later */#ifdef Win32# include <Startup.h>extern UImode CharacterMode;#endif#define NCONNECTIONS 50#define NSINKS 21static Rconnection Connections[NCONNECTIONS];static SEXP OutTextData;static int R_SinkNumber;static int SinkCons[NSINKS], SinkConsClose[NSINKS], R_SinkSplit[NSINKS];static voidpushback(Rconnection con, int newLine, char *line);/* ------------- admin functions (see also at end) ----------------- */int NextConnection(){int i;for(i = 3; i < NCONNECTIONS; i++)if(!Connections[i]) break;if(i >= NCONNECTIONS)error("All connections are in use");return i;}static int ConnIndex(Rconnection con){int i;for(i = 0; i < NCONNECTIONS; i++)if(Connections[i] == con) break;if(i >= NCONNECTIONS)error("connection not found");return i;}/* internal, not the same as R function getConnection */Rconnection getConnection(int n){Rconnection con = NULL;if(n < 0 || n >= NCONNECTIONS || n == NA_INTEGER ||!(con = Connections[n]))error("invalid connection");return con;}int getActiveSink(int n){if (n>=R_SinkNumber || n<0)return 0;if (R_SinkSplit[R_SinkNumber-n])return SinkCons[R_SinkNumber-n-1];elsereturn 0;}/* for use in REvprintf */Rconnection getConnection_no_err(int n){Rconnection con = NULL;if(n < 0 || n >= NCONNECTIONS || n == NA_INTEGER ||!(con = Connections[n]))return NULL;return con;}void Rconn_setEncoding(Rconnection con, SEXP enc){int i;if(!isInteger(enc) || length(enc) != 256)error("invalid `enc' argument");for(i = 0; i < 256; i++)con->encoding[i] = (unsigned char) INTEGER(enc)[i];}/* ------------------- null connection functions --------------------- */static Rboolean null_open(Rconnection con){error("open/close not enabled for this connection");return FALSE; /* -Wall */}static void null_close(Rconnection con){con->isopen = FALSE;}static void null_destroy(Rconnection con){if(con->private) free(con->private);}static int null_vfprintf(Rconnection con, const char *format, va_list ap){error("printing not enabled for this connection");return 0; /* -Wall */}#define BUFSIZE 1000int dummy_vfprintf(Rconnection con, const char *format, va_list ap){char buf[BUFSIZE], *b = buf, *vmax = vmaxget();int res, usedRalloc = FALSE;res = vsnprintf(buf, BUFSIZE, format, ap);if(res >= BUFSIZE) { /* res is the desired output length */usedRalloc = TRUE;b = R_alloc(res + 1, sizeof(char));vsprintf(b, format, ap);} else if(res < 0) { /* just a failure indication -- e.g. Windows */usedRalloc = TRUE;b = R_alloc(100*BUFSIZE, sizeof(char));res = vsnprintf(b, 100*BUFSIZE, format, ap);if (res < 0) {*(b + 100*BUFSIZE - 1) = '\0';warning("printing of extremely long output is truncated");res = 100*BUFSIZE;}}con->write(b, 1, res, con);if(usedRalloc) vmaxset(vmax);return res;}static int null_fgetc(Rconnection con){error("getc not enabled for this connection");return 0; /* -Wall */}static long null_seek(Rconnection con, int where, int origin, int rw){error("seek not enabled for this connection");return 0; /* -Wall */}static void null_truncate(Rconnection con){error("truncate not enabled for this connection");}static int null_fflush(Rconnection con){return 0;}static size_t null_read(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nitems,Rconnection con){error("read not enabled for this connection");return 0; /* -Wall */}static size_t null_write(const void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nitems,Rconnection con){error("write not enabled for this connection");return 0; /* -Wall */}void init_con(Rconnection new, char *description, char *mode){strcpy(new->description, description);strncpy(new->mode, mode, 4); new->mode[4] = '\0';new->isopen = new->incomplete = FALSE;new->canread = new->canwrite = TRUE; /* in principle */new->canseek = FALSE;new->text = TRUE;new->isGzcon = FALSE;new->open = &null_open;new->close = &null_close;new->destroy = &null_destroy;new->vfprintf = &null_vfprintf;new->fgetc = &null_fgetc;new->seek = &null_seek;new->truncate = &null_truncate;new->fflush = &null_fflush;new->read = &null_read;new->write = &null_write;new->nPushBack = 0;new->save = new->save2 = -1000;new->private = NULL;}/* ------------------- file connections --------------------- */static Rboolean file_open(Rconnection con){char *name;FILE *fp;Rfileconn this = con->private;Rboolean temp = FALSE;#ifdef HAVE_FCNTLint fd, flags;#endifint mlen = strlen(con->mode);if(strlen(con->description) == 0) {temp = TRUE;name = R_tmpnam("Rf", R_TempDir);} else name = R_ExpandFileName(con->description);fp = R_fopen(name, con->mode);if(!fp) {warning("cannot open file `%s'", name);return FALSE;}if(temp) unlink(name);this->fp = fp;con->isopen = TRUE;con->canwrite = (con->mode[0] == 'w' || con->mode[0] == 'a');con->canread = !con->canwrite;if(mlen >= 2 && con->mode[1] == '+')con->canread = con->canwrite = TRUE;this->last_was_write = !con->canread;this->rpos = 0;if(con->canwrite) this->wpos = ftell(fp);if(mlen >= 2 && con->mode[mlen-1] == 'b') con->text = FALSE;else con->text = TRUE;con->save = -1000;#ifdef HAVE_FCNTLif(!con->blocking) {fd = fileno(fp);flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL);flags |= O_NONBLOCK;fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, flags);}#endifreturn TRUE;}static void file_close(Rconnection con){fclose(((Rfileconn)(con->private))->fp);con->isopen = FALSE;}static int file_vfprintf(Rconnection con, const char *format, va_list ap){Rfileconn this = con->private;if(!this->last_was_write) {this->rpos = ftell(this->fp);this->last_was_write = TRUE;fseek(this->fp, this->wpos, SEEK_SET);}return vfprintf(this->fp, format, ap);}static int file_fgetc(Rconnection con){Rfileconn this = con->private;FILE *fp = this->fp;int c;if(this->last_was_write) {this->wpos = ftell(this->fp);this->last_was_write = FALSE;fseek(this->fp, this->rpos, SEEK_SET);}c = fgetc(fp);return feof(fp) ? R_EOF : con->encoding[c];}static long file_seek(Rconnection con, int where, int origin, int rw){Rfileconn this = con->private;FILE *fp = this->fp;long pos = ftell(fp);int whence = SEEK_SET;/* make sure both positions are set */if(this->last_was_write) this->wpos = pos; else this->rpos = pos;if(rw == 1) {if(!con->canread) error("connection is not open for reading");pos = this->rpos;this->last_was_write = FALSE;}if(rw == 2) {if(!con->canwrite) error("connection is not open for writiing");pos = this->wpos;this->last_was_write = TRUE;}if(where == NA_INTEGER) return pos;switch(origin) {case 2: whence = SEEK_CUR; break;case 3: whence = SEEK_END; break;default: whence = SEEK_SET;}fseek(fp, where, whence);if(this->last_was_write) this->wpos = ftell(this->fp);else this->rpos = ftell(this->fp);return pos;}static void file_truncate(Rconnection con){Rfileconn this = con->private;FILE *fp = this->fp;int fd = fileno(fp);int size = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_CUR);if(!con->isopen || !con->canwrite)error("can only truncate connections open for writing");if(!this->last_was_write) this->rpos = ftell(this->fp);#ifdef HAVE_FTRUNCATEif(ftruncate(fd, size))error("file truncation failed");#elif defined(Win32)if(chsize(fd, size))error("file truncation failed");#elseerror("Unavailable on this platform");#endifthis->last_was_write = TRUE;this->wpos = ftell(this->fp);}static int file_fflush(Rconnection con){FILE *fp = ((Rfileconn)(con->private))->fp;return fflush(fp);}static size_t file_read(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nitems,Rconnection con){Rfileconn this = con->private;FILE *fp = this->fp;if(this->last_was_write) {this->wpos = ftell(this->fp);this->last_was_write = FALSE;fseek(this->fp, this->rpos, SEEK_SET);}return fread(ptr, size, nitems, fp);}static size_t file_write(const void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nitems,Rconnection con){Rfileconn this = con->private;FILE *fp = this->fp;if(!this->last_was_write) {this->rpos = ftell(this->fp);this->last_was_write = TRUE;fseek(this->fp, this->wpos, SEEK_SET);}return fwrite(ptr, size, nitems, fp);}static Rconnection newfile(char *description, char *mode){Rconnection new;new = (Rconnection) malloc(sizeof(struct Rconn));if(!new) error("allocation of file connection failed");new->class = (char *) malloc(strlen("file") + 1);if(!new->class) {free(new);error("allocation of file connection failed");}strcpy(new->class, "file");new->description = (char *) malloc(strlen(description) + 1);if(!new->description) {free(new->class); free(new);error("allocation of file connection failed");}init_con(new, description, mode);new->open = &file_open;new->close = &file_close;new->vfprintf = &file_vfprintf;new->fgetc = &file_fgetc;new->seek = &file_seek;new->truncate = &file_truncate;new->fflush = &file_fflush;new->read = &file_read;new->write = &file_write;new->canseek = TRUE;new->private = (void *) malloc(sizeof(struct fileconn));if(!new->private) {free(new->description); free(new->class); free(new);error("allocation of file connection failed");}return new;}/* file() is now implemented as an op of do_url *//* ------------------- fifo connections --------------------- */#if defined(HAVE_MKFIFO) && defined(HAVE_FCNTL_H)#ifdef HAVE_STAT# ifdef HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H# include <sys/types.h># endif# ifdef HAVE_SYS_STAT_H# include <sys/stat.h># endif#endif /* HAVE_STAT */#ifdef HAVE_ERRNO_H# include <errno.h>#endifstatic Rboolean fifo_open(Rconnection con){char *name;Rfifoconn this = con->private;int fd, flags, res;int mlen = strlen(con->mode);struct stat sb;name = R_ExpandFileName(con->description);con->canwrite = (con->mode[0] == 'w' || con->mode[0] == 'a');con->canread = !con->canwrite;if(mlen >= 2 && con->mode[1] == '+') con->canread = TRUE;/* if we are to write, create the fifo if needed */if(con->canwrite) {res = stat(name, &sb);if(res) { /* error, does not exist? */res = mkfifo(name, 00644);if(res) {warning("cannot create fifo `%s'", name);return FALSE;}} else {if(!(sb.st_mode & S_IFIFO)) {warning("`%s' exists but is not a fifo", name);return FALSE;}}}if(con->canread && con->canwrite) flags = O_RDWR;else if(con->canread) flags = O_RDONLY;else flags = O_WRONLY;if(!con->blocking) flags |= O_NONBLOCK;if(con->mode[0] == 'a') flags |= O_APPEND;fd = open(name, flags);if(fd < 0) {if(errno == ENXIO) warning("fifo `%s' is not ready", name);else warning("cannot open fifo `%s'", name);return FALSE;}this->fd = fd;con->isopen = TRUE;if(mlen >= 2 && con->mode[mlen-1] == 'b') con->text = FALSE;else con->text = TRUE;con->save = -1000;return TRUE;}static void fifo_close(Rconnection con){close(((Rfifoconn)(con->private))->fd);con->isopen = FALSE;}static int fifo_fgetc(Rconnection con){Rfifoconn this = (Rfifoconn)con->private;unsigned char c;int n;n = read(this->fd, (char *)&c, 1);return (n == 1) ? con->encoding[c] : R_EOF;}static size_t fifo_read(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nitems,Rconnection con){Rfifoconn this = (Rfifoconn)con->private;return read(this->fd, ptr, size * nitems)/size;}static size_t fifo_write(const void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nitems,Rconnection con){Rfifoconn this = (Rfifoconn)con->private;return write(this->fd, ptr, size * nitems)/size;}static Rconnection newfifo(char *description, char *mode){Rconnection new;new = (Rconnection) malloc(sizeof(struct Rconn));if(!new) error("allocation of fifo connection failed");new->class = (char *) malloc(strlen("fifo") + 1);if(!new->class) {free(new);error("allocation of fifo connection failed");}strcpy(new->class, "fifo");new->description = (char *) malloc(strlen(description) + 1);if(!new->description) {free(new->class); free(new);error("allocation of fifo connection failed");}init_con(new, description, mode);new->open = &fifo_open;new->close = &fifo_close;new->vfprintf = &dummy_vfprintf;new->fgetc = &fifo_fgetc;new->seek = &null_seek;new->truncate = &null_truncate;new->fflush = &null_fflush;new->read = &fifo_read;new->write = &fifo_write;new->private = (void *) malloc(sizeof(struct fifoconn));if(!new->private) {free(new->description); free(new->class); free(new);error("allocation of fifo connection failed");}return new;}#endifSEXP do_fifo(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){#if defined(HAVE_MKFIFO) && defined(HAVE_FCNTL_H)SEXP sfile, sopen, ans, class, enc;char *file, *open;int i, ncon, block;Rconnection con = NULL;checkArity(op, args);sfile = CAR(args);if(!isString(sfile) || length(sfile) < 1)errorcall(call, "invalid `description' argument");if(length(sfile) > 1)warning("only first element of `description' argument used");file = CHAR(STRING_ELT(sfile, 0));sopen = CADR(args);if(!isString(sopen) || length(sopen) != 1)error("invalid `open' argument");block = asLogical(CADDR(args));if(block == NA_LOGICAL)error("invalid `block' argument");enc = CADDDR(args);if(!isInteger(enc) || length(enc) != 256)error("invalid `enc' argument");open = CHAR(STRING_ELT(sopen, 0));ncon = NextConnection();con = Connections[ncon] = newfifo(file, strlen(open) ? open : "r");for(i = 0; i < 256; i++)con->encoding[i] = (unsigned char) INTEGER(enc)[i];con->blocking = block;/* open it if desired */if(strlen(open)) {Rboolean success = con->open(con);if(!success) {con_close(ncon);error("unable to open connection");}}PROTECT(ans = allocVector(INTSXP, 1));INTEGER(ans)[0] = ncon;PROTECT(class = allocVector(STRSXP, 2));SET_STRING_ELT(class, 0, mkChar("fifo"));SET_STRING_ELT(class, 1, mkChar("connection"));classgets(ans, class);UNPROTECT(2);return ans;#elseerror("fifo connections are not available on this system");return R_NilValue; /* -Wall */#endif}/* ------------------- pipe connections --------------------- */#ifdef HAVE_POPENstatic Rboolean pipe_open(Rconnection con){FILE *fp;char mode[3];#ifdef Win32strncpy(mode, con->mode, 2);mode[2] = '\0';#elsemode[0] = con->mode[0];mode[1] = '\0';#endiffp = R_popen(con->description, mode);if(!fp) {warning("cannot open cmd `%s'", con->description);return FALSE;}((Rfileconn)(con->private))->fp = fp;con->isopen = TRUE;con->canwrite = (con->mode[0] == 'w');con->canread = !con->canwrite;if(strlen(con->mode) >= 2 && con->mode[1] == 'b') con->text = FALSE;else con->text = TRUE;con->save = -1000;return TRUE;}static void pipe_close(Rconnection con){pclose(((Rfileconn)(con->private))->fp);con->isopen = FALSE;}static Rconnection newpipe(char *description, char *mode){Rconnection new;new = (Rconnection) malloc(sizeof(struct Rconn));if(!new) error("allocation of pipe connection failed");new->class = (char *) malloc(strlen("pipe") + 1);if(!new->class) {free(new);error("allocation of pipe connection failed");}strcpy(new->class, "pipe");new->description = (char *) malloc(strlen(description) + 1);if(!new->description) {free(new->class); free(new);error("allocation of pipe connection failed");}init_con(new, description, mode);new->open = &pipe_open;new->close = &pipe_close;new->vfprintf = &file_vfprintf;new->fgetc = &file_fgetc;new->fflush = &file_fflush;new->read = &file_read;new->write = &file_write;new->private = (void *) malloc(sizeof(struct fileconn));if(!new->private) {free(new->description); free(new->class); free(new);error("allocation of pipe connection failed");}return new;}#endif#ifdef Win32extern Rconnection newWpipe(char *description, char *mode);#endifSEXP do_pipe(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){#ifdef HAVE_POPENSEXP scmd, sopen, ans, class, enc;char *file, *open;int i, ncon;Rconnection con = NULL;checkArity(op, args);scmd = CAR(args);if(!isString(scmd) || length(scmd) < 1)error("invalid `description' argument");if(length(scmd) > 1)warning("only first element of `description' argument used");file = CHAR(STRING_ELT(scmd, 0));sopen = CADR(args);if(!isString(sopen) || length(sopen) != 1)error("invalid `open' argument");open = CHAR(STRING_ELT(sopen, 0));enc = CADDR(args);if(!isInteger(enc) || length(enc) != 256)error("invalid `enc' argument");ncon = NextConnection();#ifdef Win32if(CharacterMode != RTerm)con = newWpipe(file, strlen(open) ? open : "r");elsecon = newpipe(file, strlen(open) ? open : "r");#elsecon = newpipe(file, strlen(open) ? open : "r");#endifConnections[ncon] = con;for(i = 0; i < 256; i++)con->encoding[i] = (unsigned char) INTEGER(enc)[i];/* open it if desired */if(strlen(open)) {Rboolean success = con->open(con);if(!success) {con_close(ncon);error("unable to open connection");}}PROTECT(ans = allocVector(INTSXP, 1));INTEGER(ans)[0] = ncon;PROTECT(class = allocVector(STRSXP, 2));SET_STRING_ELT(class, 0, mkChar("pipe"));#ifdef Win32if(CharacterMode != RTerm)SET_STRING_ELT(class, 0, mkChar("pipeWin32"));#endifSET_STRING_ELT(class, 1, mkChar("connection"));classgets(ans, class);UNPROTECT(2);return ans;#elseerror("pipe connections are not available on this system");return R_NilValue; /* -Wall */#endif}/* ------------------- gzipped file connections --------------------- */static Rboolean gzfile_open(Rconnection con){gzFile fp;fp = gzopen(R_ExpandFileName(con->description), con->mode);if(!fp) {warning("cannot open compressed file `%s'",R_ExpandFileName(con->description));return FALSE;}((Rgzfileconn)(con->private))->fp = fp;con->isopen = TRUE;con->canwrite = (con->mode[0] == 'w' || con->mode[0] == 'a');con->canread = !con->canwrite;if(strlen(con->mode) >= 2 && con->mode[1] == 'b') con->text = FALSE;else con->text = TRUE;con->save = -1000;return TRUE;}static void gzfile_close(Rconnection con){gzclose(((Rgzfileconn)(con->private))->fp);con->isopen = FALSE;}static int gzfile_fgetc(Rconnection con){gzFile fp = ((Rgzfileconn)(con->private))->fp;/* Looks like eof is signalled one char early */if(gzeof(fp)) return R_EOF;return con->encoding[gzgetc(fp)];}static long gzfile_seek(Rconnection con, int where, int origin, int rw){gzFile fp = ((Rgzfileconn)(con->private))->fp;long pos = gztell(fp);int whence = SEEK_SET;switch(origin) {case 2: whence = SEEK_CUR;case 3: whence = SEEK_END;default: whence = SEEK_SET;}if(where >= 0) gzseek(fp, where, whence);return pos;}static int gzfile_fflush(Rconnection con){/* Degrades compression too much, as Rvprintf calls fflush.gzFile fp = ((Rgzfileconn)(con->private))->fp;return gzflush(fp, Z_SYNC_FLUSH); */return 0;}static size_t gzfile_read(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nitems,Rconnection con){gzFile fp = ((Rgzfileconn)(con->private))->fp;return gzread(fp, ptr, size*nitems)/size;}static size_t gzfile_write(const void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nitems,Rconnection con){gzFile fp = ((Rgzfileconn)(con->private))->fp;return gzwrite(fp, (const voidp)ptr, size*nitems)/size;}static Rconnection newgzfile(char *description, char *mode, int compress){Rconnection new;new = (Rconnection) malloc(sizeof(struct Rconn));if(!new) error("allocation of file connection failed");new->class = (char *) malloc(strlen("gzfile") + 1);if(!new->class) {free(new);error("allocation of gzfile connection failed");}strcpy(new->class, "gzfile");new->description = (char *) malloc(strlen(description) + 1);if(!new->description) {free(new->class); free(new);error("allocation of gzfile connection failed");}init_con(new, description, "");strncpy(new->mode, mode, 1);sprintf(new->mode+1, "b%1d", compress);new->canseek = TRUE;new->open = &gzfile_open;new->close = &gzfile_close;new->vfprintf = &dummy_vfprintf;new->fgetc = &gzfile_fgetc;new->seek = &gzfile_seek;new->fflush = &gzfile_fflush;new->read = &gzfile_read;new->write = &gzfile_write;new->private = (void *) malloc(sizeof(struct gzfileconn));if(!new->private) {free(new->description); free(new->class); free(new);error("allocation of gzfile connection failed");}return new;}SEXP do_gzfile(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP sfile, sopen, ans, class, enc;char *file, *open;int i, ncon, compress;Rconnection con = NULL;checkArity(op, args);sfile = CAR(args);if(!isString(sfile) || length(sfile) < 1)errorcall(call, "invalid `description' argument");if(length(sfile) > 1)warning("only first element of `description' argument used");file = CHAR(STRING_ELT(sfile, 0));sopen = CADR(args);if(!isString(sopen) || length(sopen) != 1)error("invalid `open' argument");enc = CADDR(args);if(!isInteger(enc) || length(enc) != 256)error("invalid `enc' argument");compress = asInteger(CADDDR(args));if(compress == NA_LOGICAL || compress < 0 || compress > 9)error("invalid `compress' argument");open = CHAR(STRING_ELT(sopen, 0));ncon = NextConnection();con = Connections[ncon] = newgzfile(file, strlen(open) ? open : "r",compress);for(i = 0; i < 256; i++)con->encoding[i] = (unsigned char) INTEGER(enc)[i];/* open it if desired */if(strlen(open)) {Rboolean success = con->open(con);if(!success) {con_close(ncon);error("unable to open connection");}}PROTECT(ans = allocVector(INTSXP, 1));INTEGER(ans)[0] = ncon;PROTECT(class = allocVector(STRSXP, 2));SET_STRING_ELT(class, 0, mkChar("file"));SET_STRING_ELT(class, 1, mkChar("connection"));classgets(ans, class);UNPROTECT(2);return ans;}/* ------------------- bzipped file connections --------------------- */#include <bzlib.h>static Rboolean bzfile_open(Rconnection con){FILE* fp;BZFILE* bfp;int bzerror;char mode[] = "rb";con->canwrite = (con->mode[0] == 'w' || con->mode[0] == 'a');con->canread = !con->canwrite;/* regardless of the R view of the file, the file must be opened inbinary mode where it matters */mode[0] = con->mode[0];fp = fopen(R_ExpandFileName(con->description), mode);if(!fp) {warning("cannot open bzip2-ed file `%s'",R_ExpandFileName(con->description));return FALSE;}if(con->canread) {bfp = BZ2_bzReadOpen(&bzerror, fp, 0, 0, NULL, 0);if(bzerror != BZ_OK) {BZ2_bzReadClose(&bzerror, bfp);fclose(fp);warning("file `%s' appears not to be compressed by bzip2",R_ExpandFileName(con->description));return FALSE;}} else {bfp = BZ2_bzWriteOpen(&bzerror, fp, 9, 0, 0);if(bzerror != BZ_OK) {BZ2_bzWriteClose(&bzerror, bfp, 0, NULL, NULL);fclose(fp);warning("file `%s' appears not to be compressed by bzip2",R_ExpandFileName(con->description));return FALSE;}}((Rbzfileconn)(con->private))->fp = fp;((Rbzfileconn)(con->private))->bfp = bfp;con->isopen = TRUE;if(strlen(con->mode) >= 2 && con->mode[1] == 'b') con->text = FALSE;else con->text = TRUE;con->save = -1000;return TRUE;}static void bzfile_close(Rconnection con){int bzerror;BZFILE* bfp = (BZFILE *)((Rbzfileconn)(con->private))->bfp;FILE* fp = (FILE *)((Rbzfileconn)(con->private))->fp;if(con->canread)BZ2_bzReadClose(&bzerror, bfp);elseBZ2_bzWriteClose(&bzerror, bfp, 0, NULL, NULL);fclose(fp);con->isopen = FALSE;}static int bzfile_fgetc(Rconnection con){BZFILE* bfp = (BZFILE *)((Rbzfileconn)(con->private))->bfp;char buf[1];int bzerror, size, p;size = BZ2_bzRead(&bzerror, bfp, buf, 1);/* Some versions seem to signal end a char or two early, so play safeif(bzerror == BZ_STREAM_END) return R_EOF;if(bzerror != BZ_OK || size < 1) return R_EOF; */if(size < 1) return R_EOF;p = buf[0] % 256;return con->encoding[p];}static size_t bzfile_read(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nitems,Rconnection con){BZFILE* bfp = (BZFILE *)((Rbzfileconn)(con->private))->bfp;int bzerror;return BZ2_bzRead(&bzerror, bfp, ptr, size*nitems)/size;}static size_t bzfile_write(const void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nitems,Rconnection con){BZFILE* bfp = (BZFILE *)((Rbzfileconn)(con->private))->bfp;int bzerror;BZ2_bzWrite(&bzerror, bfp, (const voidp)ptr, size*nitems);if(bzerror != BZ_OK) return 0;else return nitems;}static Rconnection newbzfile(char *description, char *mode){Rconnection new;new = (Rconnection) malloc(sizeof(struct Rconn));if(!new) error("allocation of file connection failed");new->class = (char *) malloc(strlen("bzfile") + 1);if(!new->class) {free(new);error("allocation of bzfile connection failed");}strcpy(new->class, "bzfile");new->description = (char *) malloc(strlen(description) + 1);if(!new->description) {free(new->class); free(new);error("allocation of bzfile connection failed");}init_con(new, description, mode);new->canseek = FALSE;new->open = &bzfile_open;new->close = &bzfile_close;new->vfprintf = &dummy_vfprintf;new->fgetc = &bzfile_fgetc;new->seek = &null_seek;new->fflush = &null_fflush;new->read = &bzfile_read;new->write = &bzfile_write;new->private = (void *) malloc(sizeof(struct bzfileconn));if(!new->private) {free(new->description); free(new->class); free(new);error("allocation of bzfile connection failed");}return new;}SEXP do_bzfile(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP sfile, sopen, ans, class, enc;char *file, *open;int i, ncon;Rconnection con = NULL;checkArity(op, args);sfile = CAR(args);if(!isString(sfile) || length(sfile) < 1)errorcall(call, "invalid `description' argument");if(length(sfile) > 1)warning("only first element of `description' argument used");file = CHAR(STRING_ELT(sfile, 0));sopen = CADR(args);if(!isString(sopen) || length(sopen) != 1)error("invalid `open' argument");enc = CADDR(args);if(!isInteger(enc) || length(enc) != 256)error("invalid `enc' argument");open = CHAR(STRING_ELT(sopen, 0));ncon = NextConnection();con = Connections[ncon] = newbzfile(file, strlen(open) ? open : "r");for(i = 0; i < 256; i++)con->encoding[i] = (unsigned char) INTEGER(enc)[i];/* open it if desired */if(strlen(open)) {Rboolean success = con->open(con);if(!success) {con_close(ncon);error("unable to open connection");}}PROTECT(ans = allocVector(INTSXP, 1));INTEGER(ans)[0] = ncon;PROTECT(class = allocVector(STRSXP, 2));SET_STRING_ELT(class, 0, mkChar("bzfile"));SET_STRING_ELT(class, 1, mkChar("connection"));classgets(ans, class);UNPROTECT(2);return ans;}/* ------------------- clipboard connections --------------------- */#ifdef Win32#include <windows.h>extern int clipboardhastext(); /* from ga.h */static Rboolean clp_open(Rconnection con){Rclpconn this = con->private;HGLOBAL hglb;char *pc;con->isopen = TRUE;con->canwrite = (con->mode[0] == 'w' || con->mode[0] == 'a');con->canread = !con->canwrite;this->pos = 0;if(con->canread) {/* copy the clipboard contents now */if(clipboardhastext() &&OpenClipboard(NULL) &&(hglb = GetClipboardData(CF_TEXT)) &&(pc = (char *)GlobalLock(hglb))) {int len = strlen(pc);this->buff = (char *)malloc(len + 1);this->last = this->len = len;if(this->buff) {strcpy(this->buff, pc);GlobalUnlock(hglb);CloseClipboard();} else {GlobalUnlock(hglb);CloseClipboard();warning("memory allocation to copy clipboard failed");return FALSE;}} else {warning("clipboard cannot be opened or contains no text");return FALSE;}} else {int len = 32*1024;this->buff = (char *)malloc(len + 1);this->len = len;this->last = 0;if(!this->buff) {warning("memory allocation to open clipboard failed");return FALSE;}}con->text = TRUE;con->save = -1000;return TRUE;}static void clp_writeout(Rconnection con){Rclpconn this = con->private;HGLOBAL hglb;char *s, *p;if ( (hglb = GlobalAlloc(GHND, this->len)) &&(s = (char *)GlobalLock(hglb)) ) {p = this->buff;while(p < this->buff + this->pos) *s++ = *p++;*s = '\0';GlobalUnlock(hglb);if (!OpenClipboard(NULL) || !EmptyClipboard()) {warning("Unable to open the clipboard");GlobalFree(hglb);} else {if(!SetClipboardData(CF_TEXT, hglb)) {warning("Unable to write to the clipboard");GlobalFree(hglb);}CloseClipboard();}}}static void clp_close(Rconnection con){Rclpconn this = con->private;con->isopen = FALSE;if(con->canwrite)clp_writeout(con);free(this->buff);}static int clp_fgetc(Rconnection con){Rclpconn this = con->private;int c;if (this->pos >= this->len) return R_EOF;c = this->buff[this->pos++];return con->encoding[c];}static long clp_seek(Rconnection con, int where, int origin, int rw){Rclpconn this = con->private;int newpos, oldpos = this->pos;if(where == NA_INTEGER) return oldpos;switch(origin) {case 2: newpos = this->pos + where; break;case 3: newpos = this->last + where; break;default: newpos = where;}if(newpos < 0 || newpos >= this->last)error("attempt to seek outside the range of the clipboard");else this->pos = newpos;return oldpos;}static void clp_truncate(Rconnection con){Rclpconn this = con->private;if(!con->isopen || !con->canwrite)error("can only truncate connections open for writing");this->last = this->pos;}static int clp_fflush(Rconnection con){if(!con->isopen || !con->canwrite) return 1;clp_writeout(con);return 0;}static size_t clp_read(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nitems,Rconnection con){Rclpconn this = con->private;int available = this->len - this->pos, request = size*nitems, used;used = (request < available) ? request : available;strncpy(ptr, this->buff, used);return (size_t) used/size;}static size_t clp_write(const void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nitems,Rconnection con){Rclpconn this = con->private;int i, len = size * nitems, used = 0;char c, *p = (char *)ptr, *q = this->buff + this->pos;/* clipboard requires CRLF termination */for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {if(this->pos >= this->len) break;c = *p++;if(c == '\n') {*q++ = '\r';this->pos++;if(this->pos >= this->len) break;}*q++ = c;this->pos++;used++;}if(this->last < this->pos) this->last = this->pos;return (size_t) used/size;}static Rconnection newclp(char *mode){Rconnection new;char description[] = "clipboard";if(strlen(mode) != 1 ||(mode[0] != 'r' && mode[0] != 'w'))error("`mode' for the clipboard must be `r' or `w'");new = (Rconnection) malloc(sizeof(struct Rconn));if(!new) error("allocation of clipboard connection failed");new->class = (char *) malloc(strlen(description) + 1);if(!new->class) {free(new);error("allocation of clipboard connection failed");}strcpy(new->class, description);new->description = (char *) malloc(strlen(description) + 1);if(!new->description) {free(new->class); free(new);error("allocation of clipboard connection failed");}init_con(new, description, mode);new->open = &clp_open;new->close = &clp_close;new->vfprintf = &dummy_vfprintf;new->fgetc = &clp_fgetc;new->seek = &clp_seek;new->truncate = &clp_truncate;new->fflush = &clp_fflush;new->read = &clp_read;new->write = &clp_write;new->canseek = TRUE;new->private = (void *) malloc(sizeof(struct clpconn));if(!new->private) {free(new->description); free(new->class); free(new);error("allocation of clipboard connection failed");}return new;}#endif /* Win32 *//* ------------------- terminal connections --------------------- *//* The size of the console buffer */#define CONSOLE_BUFFER_SIZE 1024static unsigned char ConsoleBuf[CONSOLE_BUFFER_SIZE];static unsigned char *ConsoleBufp;static int ConsoleBufCnt;static int ConsoleGetchar(){if (--ConsoleBufCnt < 0) {if (R_ReadConsole("", ConsoleBuf, CONSOLE_BUFFER_SIZE, 0) == 0) {R_ClearerrConsole();return R_EOF;}R_ParseCnt++;ConsoleBufp = ConsoleBuf;ConsoleBufCnt = strlen((char *)ConsoleBuf);ConsoleBufCnt--;}return *ConsoleBufp++;}static int stdin_fgetc(Rconnection con){return ConsoleGetchar();}static int stdout_vfprintf(Rconnection con, const char *format, va_list ap){if(R_Outputfile) vfprintf(R_Outputfile, format, ap);else Rcons_vprintf(format, ap);return 0;}static int stdout_fflush(Rconnection con){if(R_Outputfile) return fflush(R_Outputfile);return 0;}static int stderr_vfprintf(Rconnection con, const char *format, va_list ap){REvprintf(format, ap);return 0;}static int stderr_fflush(Rconnection con){if(R_Consolefile) return fflush(R_Consolefile);return 0;}static Rconnection newterminal(char *description, char *mode){Rconnection new;new = (Rconnection) malloc(sizeof(struct Rconn));if(!new) error("allocation of terminal connection failed");new->class = (char *) malloc(strlen("terminal") + 1);if(!new->class) {free(new);error("allocation of terminal connection failed");}strcpy(new->class, "terminal");new->description = (char *) malloc(strlen(description) + 1);if(!new->description) {free(new->class); free(new);error("allocation of terminal connection failed");}init_con(new, description, mode);new->isopen = TRUE;new->canread = (strcmp(mode, "r") == 0);new->canwrite = (strcmp(mode, "w") == 0);new->destroy = &null_close;new->private = NULL;return new;}SEXP do_stdin(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP ans, class;Rconnection con = getConnection(0);checkArity(op, args);PROTECT(ans = allocVector(INTSXP, 1));INTEGER(ans)[0] = 0;PROTECT(class = allocVector(STRSXP, 2));SET_STRING_ELT(class, 0, mkChar(con->class));SET_STRING_ELT(class, 1, mkChar("connection"));classgets(ans, class);UNPROTECT(2);return ans;}SEXP do_stdout(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP ans, class;Rconnection con = getConnection(R_OutputCon);checkArity(op, args);PROTECT(ans = allocVector(INTSXP, 1));INTEGER(ans)[0] = R_OutputCon;PROTECT(class = allocVector(STRSXP, 2));SET_STRING_ELT(class, 0, mkChar(con->class));SET_STRING_ELT(class, 1, mkChar("connection"));classgets(ans, class);UNPROTECT(2);return ans;}SEXP do_stderr(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP ans, class;Rconnection con = getConnection(2);checkArity(op, args);PROTECT(ans = allocVector(INTSXP, 1));INTEGER(ans)[0] = 2;PROTECT(class = allocVector(STRSXP, 2));SET_STRING_ELT(class, 0, mkChar(con->class));SET_STRING_ELT(class, 1, mkChar("connection"));classgets(ans, class);UNPROTECT(2);return ans;}/* ------------------- text connections --------------------- *//* read a R character vector into a buffer */static void text_init(Rconnection con, SEXP text){int i, nlines = length(text), nchars = 0;Rtextconn this = (Rtextconn)con->private;for(i = 0; i < nlines; i++)nchars += strlen(CHAR(STRING_ELT(text, i))) + 1;this->data = (char *) malloc(nchars+1);if(!this->data) {free(this); free(con->description); free(con->class); free(con);error("cannot allocate memory for text connection");}*(this->data) = '\0';for(i = 0; i < nlines; i++) {strcat(this->data, CHAR(STRING_ELT(text, i)));strcat(this->data, "\n");}this->nchars = nchars;this->cur = this->save = 0;}static Rboolean text_open(Rconnection con){con->save = -1000;return TRUE;}static void text_close(Rconnection con){}static void text_destroy(Rconnection con){Rtextconn this = (Rtextconn)con->private;free(this->data);this->cur = this->nchars = 0;}static int text_fgetc(Rconnection con){Rtextconn this = (Rtextconn)con->private;if(this->save) {int c;c = this->save;this->save = 0;return c;}if(this->cur >= this->nchars) return R_EOF;else return (int) (this->data[this->cur++]);}static long text_seek(Rconnection con, int where, int origin, int rw){if(where >= 0) error("seek is not relevant for text connection");return 0; /* if just asking, always at the beginning */}static Rconnection newtext(char *description, SEXP text){Rconnection new;new = (Rconnection) malloc(sizeof(struct Rconn));if(!new) error("allocation of text connection failed");new->class = (char *) malloc(strlen("textConnection") + 1);if(!new->class) {free(new);error("allocation of text connection failed");}strcpy(new->class, "textConnection");new->description = (char *) malloc(strlen(description) + 1);if(!new->description) {free(new->class); free(new);error("allocation of text connection failed");}init_con(new, description, "r");new->isopen = TRUE;new->canwrite = FALSE;new->open = &text_open;new->close = &text_close;new->destroy = &text_destroy;new->fgetc = &text_fgetc;new->seek = &text_seek;new->private = (void*) malloc(sizeof(struct textconn));if(!new->private) {free(new->description); free(new->class); free(new);error("allocation of text connection failed");}text_init(new, text);return new;}static void outtext_close(Rconnection con){Routtextconn this = (Routtextconn)con->private;SEXP tmp;int idx = ConnIndex(con);if(strlen(this->lastline) > 0) {PROTECT(tmp = lengthgets(this->data, ++this->len));SET_STRING_ELT(tmp, this->len - 1, mkChar(this->lastline));defineVar(this->namesymbol, tmp, VECTOR_ELT(OutTextData, idx));this->data = tmp;UNPROTECT(1);}SET_VECTOR_ELT(OutTextData, idx, R_NilValue);}static void outtext_destroy(Rconnection con){Routtextconn this = (Routtextconn)con->private;free(this->lastline);}#define LAST_LINE_LEN 256static int text_vfprintf(Rconnection con, const char *format, va_list ap){Routtextconn this = (Routtextconn)con->private;char buf[BUFSIZE], *b = buf, *p, *q, *vmax = vmaxget();int res = 0, usedRalloc = FALSE, buffree,already = strlen(this->lastline);SEXP tmp;if(already >= BUFSIZE) {/* This will fail so just call vsnprintf to get the length ofthe new piece */res = vsnprintf(buf, 0, format, ap);if(res > 0) res += already;buffree = 0;} else {strcpy(b, this->lastline);p = b + already;buffree = BUFSIZE - already;res = vsnprintf(p, buffree, format, ap);}if(res >= buffree) { /* res is the desired output length */usedRalloc = TRUE;b = R_alloc(res + already + 1, sizeof(char));strcpy(b, this->lastline);p = b + already;vsprintf(p, format, ap);} else if(res < 0) { /* just a failure indication -- e.g. Windows */#define NBUFSIZE (already + 100*BUFSIZE)usedRalloc = TRUE;b = R_alloc(NBUFSIZE, sizeof(char));strncpy(b, this->lastline, NBUFSIZE);*(b + NBUFSIZE - 1) = '\0';p = b + already;res = vsnprintf(p, NBUFSIZE - already, format, ap);if (res < 0) {*(b + NBUFSIZE - 1) = '\0';warning("printing of extremely long output is truncated");}}/* copy buf line-by-line to object */for(p = b; ; p = q+1) {q = strchr(p, '\n');if(q) {int idx = ConnIndex(con);*q = '\0';PROTECT(tmp = lengthgets(this->data, ++this->len));SET_STRING_ELT(tmp, this->len - 1, mkChar(p));defineVar(this->namesymbol, tmp, VECTOR_ELT(OutTextData, idx));this->data = tmp;UNPROTECT(1);} else {/* retain the last line */if(strlen(p) >= this->lastlinelength) {int newlen = strlen(p) + 1;this->lastline = realloc(this->lastline, newlen);this->lastlinelength = newlen;}strcpy(this->lastline, p);con->incomplete = strlen(this->lastline) > 0;break;}}if(usedRalloc) vmaxset(vmax);return res;}static void outtext_init(Rconnection con, char *mode, int idx){Routtextconn this = (Routtextconn)con->private;SEXP val;this->namesymbol = install(con->description);if(strcmp(mode, "w") == 0) {/* create variable pointed to by con->description */PROTECT(val = allocVector(STRSXP, 0));defineVar(this->namesymbol, val, VECTOR_ELT(OutTextData, idx));UNPROTECT(1);} else {/* take over existing variable */val = findVar1(this->namesymbol, VECTOR_ELT(OutTextData, idx),STRSXP, FALSE);if(val == R_UnboundValue) {warning("text connection: appending to a non-existent char vector");PROTECT(val = allocVector(STRSXP, 0));defineVar(this->namesymbol, val, VECTOR_ELT(OutTextData, idx));UNPROTECT(1);}}this->len = LENGTH(val);this->data = val;this->lastline[0] = '\0';this->lastlinelength = LAST_LINE_LEN;}static Rconnection newouttext(char *description, SEXP sfile, char *mode,int idx){Rconnection new;void *tmp;new = (Rconnection) malloc(sizeof(struct Rconn));if(!new) error("allocation of text connection failed");new->class = (char *) malloc(strlen("textConnection") + 1);if(!new->class) {free(new);error("allocation of text connection failed");}strcpy(new->class, "textConnection");new->description = (char *) malloc(strlen(description) + 1);if(!new->description) {free(new->class); free(new);error("allocation of text connection failed");}init_con(new, description, mode);new->isopen = TRUE;new->canread = FALSE;new->open = &text_open;new->close = &outtext_close;new->destroy = &outtext_destroy;new->vfprintf = &text_vfprintf;new->seek = &text_seek;new->private = (void*) malloc(sizeof(struct outtextconn));if(!new->private) {free(new->description); free(new->class); free(new);error("allocation of text connection failed");}((Routtextconn)new->private)->lastline = tmp = malloc(LAST_LINE_LEN);if(!tmp) {free(new->private);free(new->description); free(new->class); free(new);error("allocation of text connection failed");}outtext_init(new, mode, idx);return new;}SEXP do_textconnection(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP sfile, stext, sopen, ans, class, venv;char *desc, *open;int ncon;Rconnection con = NULL;checkArity(op, args);sfile = CAR(args);if(!isString(sfile) || length(sfile) != 1)error("invalid `description' argument");desc = CHAR(STRING_ELT(sfile, 0));stext = CADR(args);if(!isString(stext))error("invalid `text' argument");sopen = CADDR(args);if(!isString(sopen) || length(sopen) != 1)error("invalid `open' argument");open = CHAR(STRING_ELT(sopen, 0));venv = CADDDR(args);if (!isEnvironment(venv) && venv != R_NilValue)error("invalid 'environment' argument");ncon = NextConnection();if(!strlen(open) || strncmp(open, "r", 1) == 0)con = Connections[ncon] = newtext(desc, stext);else if (strncmp(open, "w", 1) == 0 || strncmp(open, "a", 1) == 0) {if (OutTextData == NULL) {OutTextData = allocVector(VECSXP, NCONNECTIONS);R_PreserveObject(OutTextData);}SET_VECTOR_ELT(OutTextData, ncon, venv);con = Connections[ncon] =newouttext(CHAR(STRING_ELT(stext, 0)), sfile, open, ncon);}elseerrorcall(call, "unsupported mode");/* already opened */PROTECT(ans = allocVector(INTSXP, 1));INTEGER(ans)[0] = ncon;PROTECT(class = allocVector(STRSXP, 2));SET_STRING_ELT(class, 0, mkChar("textConnection"));SET_STRING_ELT(class, 1, mkChar("connection"));classgets(ans, class);UNPROTECT(2);return ans;}/* ------------------- socket connections --------------------- *//* socketConnection(host, port, server, blocking, open, encoding) */SEXP do_sockconn(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP scmd, sopen, ans, class, enc;char *host, *open;int i, ncon, port, server, blocking;Rconnection con = NULL;checkArity(op, args);#ifdef HAVE_SOCKETSscmd = CAR(args);if(!isString(scmd) || length(scmd) != 1)error("invalid `host' argument");host = CHAR(STRING_ELT(scmd, 0));args = CDR(args);port = asInteger(CAR(args));if(port == NA_INTEGER || port < 0)error("invalid `port' argument");args = CDR(args);server = asLogical(CAR(args));if(server == NA_LOGICAL)error("invalid `server' argument");args = CDR(args);blocking = asLogical(CAR(args));if(blocking == NA_LOGICAL)error("invalid `blocking' argument");args = CDR(args);sopen = CAR(args);if(!isString(sopen) || length(sopen) != 1)error("invalid `open' argument");open = CHAR(STRING_ELT(sopen, 0));args = CDR(args);enc = CAR(args);if(!isInteger(enc) || length(enc) != 256)error("invalid `enc' argument");ncon = NextConnection();con = R_newsock(host, port, server, open);Connections[ncon] = con;for(i = 0; i < 256; i++)con->encoding[i] = (unsigned char) INTEGER(enc)[i];con->blocking = blocking;/* open it if desired */if(strlen(open)) {Rboolean success = con->open(con);if(!success) {con_close(ncon);error("unable to open connection");}}PROTECT(ans = allocVector(INTSXP, 1));INTEGER(ans)[0] = ncon;PROTECT(class = allocVector(STRSXP, 2));SET_STRING_ELT(class, 0, mkChar("sockconn"));SET_STRING_ELT(class, 1, mkChar("connection"));classgets(ans, class);UNPROTECT(2);#elseerror("sockets are not available on this system");#endifreturn ans;}/* ------------------- unz connections --------------------- *//* see dounzip.c for the details */SEXP do_unz(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP sfile, sopen, ans, class, enc;char *file, *open;int i, ncon;Rconnection con = NULL;checkArity(op, args);sfile = CAR(args);if(!isString(sfile) || length(sfile) < 1)errorcall(call, "invalid `description' argument");if(length(sfile) > 1)warning("only first element of `description' argument used");file = CHAR(STRING_ELT(sfile, 0));sopen = CADR(args);if(!isString(sopen) || length(sopen) != 1)error("invalid `open' argument");enc = CADDR(args);if(!isInteger(enc) || length(enc) != 256)error("invalid `enc' argument");open = CHAR(STRING_ELT(sopen, 0));ncon = NextConnection();con = Connections[ncon] = R_newunz(file, strlen(open) ? open : "r");for(i = 0; i < 256; i++)con->encoding[i] = (unsigned char) INTEGER(enc)[i];/* open it if desired */if(strlen(open)) {Rboolean success = con->open(con);if(!success) {con_close(ncon);error("unable to open connection");}}PROTECT(ans = allocVector(INTSXP, 1));INTEGER(ans)[0] = ncon;PROTECT(class = allocVector(STRSXP, 2));SET_STRING_ELT(class, 0, mkChar("unz"));SET_STRING_ELT(class, 1, mkChar("connection"));classgets(ans, class);UNPROTECT(2);return ans;}/* -------------- open, close, seek, truncate, flush ------------------ */SEXP do_open(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){int i, block;Rconnection con=NULL;SEXP sopen;char *open;Rboolean success;checkArity(op, args);if(!inherits(CAR(args), "connection"))errorcall(call, "`con' is not a connection");i = asInteger(CAR(args));con = getConnection(i);if(i < 3) error("cannot open standard connections");if(con->isopen) {warning("connection is already open");return R_NilValue;}sopen = CADR(args);if(!isString(sopen) || length(sopen) != 1)error("invalid `open' argument");block = asLogical(CADDR(args));if(block == NA_LOGICAL)error("invalid `blocking' argument");open = CHAR(STRING_ELT(sopen, 0));if(strlen(open) > 0) strcpy(con->mode, open);con->blocking = block;success = con->open(con);if(!success) {/* con_close(i); user might have a reference */error("unable to open connection");}return R_NilValue;}SEXP do_isopen(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){Rconnection con;SEXP ans;int rw, res;checkArity(op, args);con = getConnection(asInteger(CAR(args)));rw = asInteger(CADR(args));res = con->isopen != FALSE;switch(rw) {case 0: break;case 1: res = res & con->canread; break;case 2: res = res & con->canwrite; break;}PROTECT(ans = allocVector(LGLSXP, 1));LOGICAL(ans)[0] = res;UNPROTECT(1);return ans;}SEXP do_isincomplete(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){Rconnection con;SEXP ans;checkArity(op, args);if(!inherits(CAR(args), "connection"))errorcall(call, "`con' is not a connection");con = getConnection(asInteger(CAR(args)));PROTECT(ans = allocVector(LGLSXP, 1));LOGICAL(ans)[0] = con->incomplete != FALSE;UNPROTECT(1);return ans;}SEXP do_isseekable(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){Rconnection con;SEXP ans;checkArity(op, args);if(!inherits(CAR(args), "connection"))errorcall(call, "`con' is not a connection");con = getConnection(asInteger(CAR(args)));PROTECT(ans = allocVector(LGLSXP, 1));LOGICAL(ans)[0] = con->canseek != FALSE;UNPROTECT(1);return ans;}static void con_close1(Rconnection con){if(con->isopen) con->close(con);if(con->isGzcon) {Rgzconn priv = (Rgzconn)con->private;con_close1(priv->con);}con->destroy(con);free(con->class);free(con->description);/* clear the pushBack */if(con->nPushBack > 0) {int j;for(j = 0; j < con->nPushBack; j++)free(con->PushBack[j]);free(con->PushBack);}}void con_close(int i){Rconnection con=NULL;con = getConnection(i);con_close1(con);free(Connections[i]);Connections[i] = NULL;}SEXP do_close(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){int i, j;checkArity(op, args);if(!inherits(CAR(args), "connection"))errorcall(call, "`con' is not a connection");i = asInteger(CAR(args));if(i < 3) error("cannot close standard connections");for(j = 0; j < R_SinkNumber; j++)if(i == SinkCons[j])error("cannot close output sink connection");if(i == R_ErrorCon)error("cannot close messages sink connection");con_close(i);return R_NilValue;}/* seek(con, where = numeric(), origin = "start", rw = "") */SEXP do_seek(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){int where, origin, rw;SEXP ans;Rconnection con = NULL;checkArity(op, args);if(!inherits(CAR(args), "connection"))errorcall(call, "`con' is not a connection");con = getConnection(asInteger(CAR(args)));if(!con->isopen) error("connection is not open");where = asInteger(CADR(args));origin = asInteger(CADDR(args));rw = asInteger(CADDDR(args));PROTECT(ans = allocVector(INTSXP, 1));INTEGER(ans)[0] = con->seek(con, where, origin, rw);UNPROTECT(1);return ans;}/* truncate(con) */SEXP do_truncate(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){Rconnection con = NULL;checkArity(op, args);if(!inherits(CAR(args), "connection"))errorcall(call, "`con' is not a connection");con = getConnection(asInteger(CAR(args)));con->truncate(con);return R_NilValue;}SEXP do_flush(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){Rconnection con = NULL;checkArity(op, args);if(!inherits(CAR(args), "connection"))errorcall(call, "`con' is not a connection");con = getConnection(asInteger(CAR(args)));if(con->canwrite) con->fflush(con);return R_NilValue;}/* ------------------- read, write text --------------------- */int Rconn_fgetc(Rconnection con){char *curLine;int c;if (con->save2 != -1000) {c = con->save2;con->save2 = -1000;return c;}if(con->nPushBack <= 0) {/* map CR or CRLF to LF */if (con->save != -1000) {c = con->save;con->save = -1000;return c;}c = con->fgetc(con);if (c == '\r') {c = con->fgetc(con);if (c != '\n') {con->save = (c != '\r') ? c : '\n';return('\n');}}return c;}curLine = con->PushBack[con->nPushBack-1];c = (unsigned char) curLine[con->posPushBack++];if(con->posPushBack >= strlen(curLine)) {/* last character on a line, so pop the line */free(curLine);con->nPushBack--;con->posPushBack = 0;if(con->nPushBack == 0) free(con->PushBack);}return c;}int Rconn_ungetc(int c, Rconnection con){con->save2 = c;return c;}/* read one line (without trailing newline) from con and store it in buf *//* return number of characters read, -1 on EOF */int Rconn_getline(Rconnection con, char *buf, int bufsize){int c, nbuf = -1;while((c = Rconn_fgetc(con)) != R_EOF) {if(nbuf+1 >= bufsize) error("Line longer than buffer size");if(c != '\n'){buf[++nbuf] = c;} else {buf[++nbuf] = '\0';break;}}/* Make sure it is null-terminated and count is correct, even if* file did not end with newline.*/if(nbuf >= 0 && buf[nbuf]) {if(nbuf+1 >= bufsize) error("Line longer than buffer size");buf[++nbuf] = '\0';}return(nbuf);}int Rconn_printf(Rconnection con, const char *format, ...){int res;va_list(ap);va_start(ap, format);res = con->vfprintf(con, format, ap);va_end(ap);return res;}/* readLines(con = stdin(), n = 1, ok = TRUE) */#define BUF_SIZE 1000SEXP do_readLines(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP ans = R_NilValue, ans2;int i, n, nn, nnn, ok, nread, c, nbuf, buf_size = BUF_SIZE;Rconnection con = NULL;Rboolean wasopen;char *buf;checkArity(op, args);if(!inherits(CAR(args), "connection"))errorcall(call, "`con' is not a connection");con = getConnection(asInteger(CAR(args)));n = asInteger(CADR(args));if(n == NA_INTEGER)errorcall(call, "invalid value for `n'");ok = asLogical(CADDR(args));if(ok == NA_LOGICAL)errorcall(call,"invalid value for `ok'");if(!con->canread)errorcall(call, "cannot read from this connection");wasopen = con->isopen;if(!wasopen) {if(!con->open(con)) error("cannot open the connection");} else { /* for a non-blocking connection, more input mayhave become available, so re-position */if(con->canseek && !con->blocking)con->seek(con, con->seek(con, -1, 1, 1), 1, 1);}con->incomplete = FALSE;buf = (char *) malloc(buf_size);if(!buf)error("cannot allocate buffer in readLines");nn = (n < 0) ? 1000 : n; /* initially allocate space for 1000 lines */nnn = (n < 0) ? INT_MAX : n;PROTECT(ans = allocVector(STRSXP, nn));for(nread = 0; nread < nnn; nread++) {if(nread >= nn) {ans2 = allocVector(STRSXP, 2*nn);for(i = 0; i < nn; i++)SET_STRING_ELT(ans2, i, STRING_ELT(ans, i));nn *= 2;UNPROTECT(1); /* old ans */PROTECT(ans = ans2);}nbuf = 0;while((c = Rconn_fgetc(con)) != R_EOF) {if(nbuf == buf_size) {buf_size *= 2;buf = (char *) realloc(buf, buf_size);if(!buf)error("cannot allocate buffer in readLines");}if(c != '\n') buf[nbuf++] = c; else break;}buf[nbuf] = '\0';SET_STRING_ELT(ans, nread, mkChar(buf));if(c == R_EOF) goto no_more_lines;}UNPROTECT(1);free(buf);if(!wasopen) con->close(con);return ans;no_more_lines:if(!wasopen) con->close(con);if(nbuf > 0) { /* incomplete last line */if(con->text && con->blocking) {nread++;warning("incomplete final line found by readLines on `%s'",con->description);} else {/* push back the rest */pushback(con, 0, buf);con->incomplete = TRUE;}}free(buf);if(nread < nnn && !ok)error("too few lines read in readLines");PROTECT(ans2 = allocVector(STRSXP, nread));for(i = 0; i < nread; i++)SET_STRING_ELT(ans2, i, STRING_ELT(ans, i));UNPROTECT(2);return ans2;}static void writecon(Rconnection con, char *format, ...){va_list(ap);va_start(ap, format);con->vfprintf(con, format, ap);va_end(ap);}/* writelines(text, con = stdout(), sep = "\n") */SEXP do_writelines(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){int i;Rboolean wasopen;Rconnection con=NULL;SEXP text, sep;checkArity(op, args);text = CAR(args);if(!isString(text)) error("invalid `text' argument");if(!inherits(CADR(args), "connection"))errorcall(call, "`con' is not a connection");con = getConnection(asInteger(CADR(args)));sep = CADDR(args);if(!isString(sep)) error("invalid `sep' argument");if(!con->canwrite)error("cannot write to this connection");wasopen = con->isopen;if(!wasopen)if(!con->open(con)) error("cannot open the connection");for(i = 0; i < length(text); i++)writecon(con, "%s%s", CHAR(STRING_ELT(text, i)),CHAR(STRING_ELT(sep, 0)));if(!wasopen) con->close(con);return R_NilValue;}/* ------------------- read, write binary --------------------- */static void swapb(void *result, int size){int i;char *p = result, tmp;if (size == 1) return;for (i = 0; i < size/2; i++) {tmp = p[i];p[i] = p[size - i - 1];p[size - i - 1] = tmp;}}static SEXP readOneString(Rconnection con){char *buf, *p, *new;int ibfs = 500, pos, m;buf = (char *) R_alloc(ibfs, sizeof(char));for(pos = 0; pos < 10000; pos++) {p = buf + pos;m = con->read(p, sizeof(char), 1, con);if(!m) {if(pos > 0)warning("incomplete string at end of file has been discarded");return R_NilValue;}if(*p == '\0') break;if(pos >= ibfs - 1) {new = (char *) R_alloc(2*ibfs, sizeof(char));memcpy(new, buf, pos+1);buf = new;ibfs *= 2;}}if(pos == 10000)warning("null terminator not found: breaking string at 10000 chars");return mkChar(buf);}/* readBin(con, what, n, swap) */SEXP do_readbin(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP ans = R_NilValue, swhat;int i, size, signd, swap, n, m = 0, sizedef= 4, mode = 1;char *what;void *p = NULL;Rboolean wasopen;Rconnection con = NULL;char *vmax = vmaxget();checkArity(op, args);i = asInteger(CAR(args)); args = CDR(args);if(i == NA_INTEGER || !(con = Connections[i]))error("invalid connection");if(con->text) error("can only read from a binary connection");swhat = CAR(args); args = CDR(args);if(!isString(swhat) || length(swhat) != 1)error("invalid value of `what'");what = CHAR(STRING_ELT(swhat, 0));n = asInteger(CAR(args)); args = CDR(args);if(n == NA_INTEGER || n < 0) error("invalid value of `n'");size = asInteger(CAR(args)); args = CDR(args);signd = asLogical(CAR(args)); args = CDR(args);if(signd == NA_LOGICAL)error("invalid value of `signed'");swap = asLogical(CAR(args));if(swap == NA_LOGICAL)error("invalid value of `swap'");if(!con->canread)error("cannot read from this connection");wasopen = con->isopen;if(!wasopen)if(!con->open(con)) error("cannot open the connection");if(!strcmp(what, "character")) {SEXP onechar;PROTECT(ans = allocVector(STRSXP, n));for(i = 0, m = i+1; i < n; i++) {onechar = readOneString(con);if(onechar != R_NilValue) {SET_STRING_ELT(ans, i, onechar);m++;} else break;}} else if(!strcmp(what, "complex")) {if(size == NA_INTEGER) size = sizeof(Rcomplex);if(size != sizeof(Rcomplex))error("size changing is not supported for complex vectors");PROTECT(ans = allocVector(CPLXSXP, n));p = (void *) COMPLEX(ans);m = con->read(p, size, n, con);if(swap)for(i = 0; i < m; i++) {swapb(&(COMPLEX(ans)[i].r), sizeof(double));swapb(&(COMPLEX(ans)[i].i), sizeof(double));}} else {if (!strcmp(what, "integer") || !strcmp(what, "int")) {sizedef = sizeof(int); mode = 1;if(size == NA_INTEGER) size = sizedef;switch (size) {case sizeof(signed char):case sizeof(short):case sizeof(int):#if SIZEOF_LONG == 8case sizeof(long):#elif SIZEOF_LONG_LONG == 8case sizeof(_lli_t):#endifbreak;default:error("That size is unknown on this machine");}PROTECT(ans = allocVector(INTSXP, n));p = (void *) INTEGER(ans);} else if (!strcmp(what, "logical")) {sizedef = sizeof(int); mode = 1;if(size == NA_INTEGER) size = sizedef;switch (size) {case sizeof(signed char):case sizeof(short):case sizeof(int):#if SIZEOF_LONG == 8case sizeof(long):#elif SIZEOF_LONG_LONG == 8case sizeof(_lli_t):#endifbreak;default:error("That size is unknown on this machine");}PROTECT(ans = allocVector(LGLSXP, n));p = (void *) LOGICAL(ans);} else if (!strcmp(what, "numeric") || !strcmp(what, "double")) {sizedef = sizeof(double); mode = 2;if(size == NA_INTEGER) size = sizedef;switch (size) {case sizeof(double):case sizeof(float):#if SIZEOF_LONG_DOUBLE > 8case sizeof(long double):#endifbreak;default:error("That size is unknown on this machine");}PROTECT(ans = allocVector(REALSXP, n));p = (void *) REAL(ans);}if(size == sizedef) {m = con->read(p, size, n, con);if(swap && size > 1)for(i = 0; i < m; i++) swapb((char *)p+i*size, size);} else {char * buf = R_alloc(1, size);int s;if(mode == 1) {for(i = 0, m = 0; i < n; i++) {s = con->read(buf, size, 1, con);if(s) m++; else break;if(swap && size > 1) swapb(buf, size);switch(size) {case sizeof(signed char):if(signd)INTEGER(ans)[i] = (int)*((signed char *)buf);elseINTEGER(ans)[i] = (int)*((unsigned char *)buf);break;case sizeof(short):if(signd)INTEGER(ans)[i] = (int)*((short *)buf);elseINTEGER(ans)[i] = (int)*((unsigned short *)buf);break;#if SIZEOF_LONG == 8case sizeof(long):INTEGER(ans)[i] = (int)*((long *)buf);break;#elif SIZEOF_LONG_LONG == 8case sizeof(_lli_t):INTEGER(ans)[i] = (int)*((_lli_t *)buf);break;#endif}}} else if (mode == 2) {for(i = 0, m = 0; i < n; i++) {s = con->read(buf, size, 1, con);if(s) m++; else break;if(swap && size > 1) swapb(buf, size);switch(size) {case sizeof(float):REAL(ans)[i] = (double)*((float *)buf);break;#if SIZEOF_LONG_DOUBLE > 8case sizeof(long double):REAL(ans)[i] = (double)*((long double *)buf);break;#endif}}}}}vmaxset(vmax);if(!wasopen) con->close(con);if(m < n) {PROTECT(ans = lengthgets(ans, m));UNPROTECT(1);}UNPROTECT(1);return ans;}/* writeBin(object, con, swap) */SEXP do_writebin(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP object;int i, j, size, swap, len, n=0;char *s, *buf;Rboolean wasopen;Rconnection con = NULL;checkArity(op, args);object = CAR(args);if(!isVectorAtomic(object))error("`x' is not an atomic vector type");i = asInteger(CADR(args));if(i == NA_INTEGER || !(con = Connections[i]))error("invalid connection");if(con->text) error("can only write to a binary connection");size = asInteger(CADDR(args));swap = asLogical(CADDDR(args));if(swap == NA_LOGICAL)error("invalid value of `swap'");if(!con->canwrite)error("cannot write to this connection");len = LENGTH(object);if(len == 0) return R_NilValue;wasopen = con->isopen;if(!wasopen)if(!con->open(con)) error("cannot open the connection");if(TYPEOF(object) == STRSXP) {for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {s = CHAR(STRING_ELT(object, i));n = con->write(s, sizeof(char), strlen(s) + 1, con);if(!n) {warning("problem writing to connection");break;}}} else {switch(TYPEOF(object)) {case LGLSXP:case INTSXP:if(size == NA_INTEGER) size = sizeof(int);switch (size) {case sizeof(signed char):case sizeof(short):case sizeof(int):#if SIZEOF_LONG == 8case sizeof(long):#elif SIZEOF_LONG_LONG == 8case sizeof(_lli_t):#endifbreak;default:error("That size is unknown on this machine");}break;case REALSXP:if(size == NA_INTEGER) size = sizeof(double);switch (size) {case sizeof(double):case sizeof(float):#if SIZEOF_LONG_DOUBLE > 8case sizeof(long double):#endifbreak;default:error("That size is unknown on this machine");}break;case CPLXSXP:if(size == NA_INTEGER) size = sizeof(Rcomplex);if(size != sizeof(Rcomplex))error("size changing is not supported for complex vectors");break;default:error("That type is unimplemented");}buf = R_chk_calloc(len, size); /* R_alloc(len, size); */switch(TYPEOF(object)) {case LGLSXP:case INTSXP:switch (size) {case sizeof(int):memcpy(buf, INTEGER(object), size * len);break;#if SIZEOF_LONG == 8case sizeof(long):{long l1;for (i = 0, j = 0; i < len; i++, j += size) {l1 = (long) INTEGER(object)[i];memcpy(buf + j, &l1, size);}break;}#elif SIZEOF_LONG_LONG == 8case sizeof(_lli_t):{_lli_t ll1;for (i = 0, j = 0; i < len; i++, j += size) {ll1 = (_lli_t) INTEGER(object)[i];memcpy(buf + j, &ll1, size);}break;}#endifcase 2:{short s1;for (i = 0, j = 0; i < len; i++, j += size) {s1 = (short) INTEGER(object)[i];memcpy(buf + j, &s1, size);}break;}case 1:for (i = 0; i < len; i++)buf[i] = (signed char) INTEGER(object)[i];break;}break;case REALSXP:switch (size) {case sizeof(double):memcpy(buf, REAL(object), size * len);break;case sizeof(float):{float f1;for (i = 0, j = 0; i < len; i++, j += size) {f1 = (float) REAL(object)[i];memcpy(buf+j, &f1, size);}break;}#if SIZEOF_LONG_DOUBLE > 8case sizeof(long double):{long double ld1;for (i = 0, j = 0; i < len; i++, j+=size) {ld1 = (long double) REAL(object)[i];memcpy(buf+j, &ld1, size);}break;}#endif}break;case CPLXSXP:memcpy(buf, COMPLEX(object), size * len);break;}if(swap && size > 1)for(i = 0; i < len; i++) swapb(buf+size*i, size);/* write it now */n = con->write(buf, size, len, con);if(n < len) warning("problem writing to connection");Free(buf);}if(!wasopen) con->close(con);return R_NilValue;}static SEXP readFixedString(Rconnection con, int len){char *buf, *p;int pos, m;buf = (char *) R_alloc(len+1, sizeof(char));for(pos = 0; pos < len; pos++) {p = buf + pos;m = con->read(p, sizeof(char), 1, con);if(!m) {if(pos == 0) return R_NilValue; else break;}}buf[pos] = '\0';return mkChar(buf);}/* readChar(con, nchars) */SEXP do_readchar(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP ans = R_NilValue, onechar, nchars;int i, len, n, m = 0;Rboolean wasopen;Rconnection con = NULL;char *vmax = vmaxget();checkArity(op, args);i = asInteger(CAR(args));if(i == NA_INTEGER || !(con = Connections[i]))error("invalid connection");if(!con->canread)error("cannot read from this connection");nchars = CADR(args);n = LENGTH(nchars);if(n == 0) return allocVector(STRSXP, 0);wasopen = con->isopen;if(!wasopen)if(!con->open(con)) error("cannot open the connection");PROTECT(ans = allocVector(STRSXP, n));for(i = 0, m = i+1; i < n; i++) {len = INTEGER(nchars)[i];if(len == NA_INTEGER || len < 0)error("supplied length is invalid");onechar = readFixedString(con, len);if(onechar != R_NilValue) {SET_STRING_ELT(ans, i, onechar);m++;} else break;}vmaxset(vmax);if(!wasopen) con->close(con);if(m < n) {PROTECT(ans = lengthgets(ans, m));UNPROTECT(1);}UNPROTECT(1);return ans;}/* writeChar(object, con, nchars, sep) */SEXP do_writechar(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP object, nchars, sep;int i, len, n, nwrite=0, slen, tlen;char *s, *buf, *ssep = "";Rboolean wasopen, usesep;Rconnection con = NULL;char *vmax = vmaxget();checkArity(op, args);object = CAR(args);i = asInteger(CADR(args));if(i == NA_INTEGER || !(con = Connections[i]))error("invalid connection");if(!con->canwrite)error("cannot write to this connection");nchars = CADDR(args);sep = CADDDR(args);if(isNull(sep)) {usesep = FALSE;slen = 0;} else {usesep = TRUE;if (!isString(sep) || length(sep) != 1)error("invalid value of `sep'");ssep = CHAR(STRING_ELT(sep, 0));slen = strlen(ssep) + 1;}n = LENGTH(nchars);if(n == 0) return R_NilValue;len = 0;for(i = 0; i < n; i++) {/* This is not currently needed, just future-proofing in casethe logic gets changed */tlen = strlen(CHAR(STRING_ELT(object, i)));if (tlen > len) len = tlen;tlen = INTEGER(nchars)[i];if (tlen > len) len = tlen;}buf = (char *) R_alloc(len + slen, sizeof(char));wasopen = con->isopen;if(!wasopen)if(!con->open(con)) error("cannot open the connection");if(TYPEOF(object) == STRSXP) {for(i = 0; i < n; i++) {len = INTEGER(nchars)[i];s = CHAR(STRING_ELT(object, i));/* As from 1.8.1, zero-pad if too many chars are requested. */if(len > strlen(s))warning("writeChar: more characters requested than are in the string - will zero-pad");memset(buf, '\0', len + slen);strncpy(buf, s, len);if (usesep) {strcat(buf, ssep);len += slen;}nwrite = con->write(buf, sizeof(char), len, con);if(!nwrite) {warning("problem writing to connection");break;}}}vmaxset(vmax);if(!wasopen) con->close(con);return R_NilValue;}/* ------------------- push back text --------------------- */static voidpushback(Rconnection con, int newLine, char *line){int nexists = con->nPushBack;char **q;if(nexists > 0) {q = con->PushBack =(char **) realloc(con->PushBack, (nexists+1)*sizeof(char *));} else {q = con->PushBack = (char **) malloc(sizeof(char *));}if(!q) error("could not allocate space for pushBack");q += nexists;*q = (char *) malloc(strlen(line) + 1 + newLine);if(!(*q)) error("could not allocate space for pushBack");strcpy(*q, line);if(newLine) strcat(*q, "\n");q++;con->posPushBack = 0;con->nPushBack++;}SEXP do_pushback(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){int i, n, nexists, newLine;Rconnection con = NULL;SEXP stext;char *p, **q;checkArity(op, args);stext = CAR(args);if(!isString(stext))error("invalid `data' argument");i = asInteger(CADR(args));if(i == NA_INTEGER || !(con = Connections[i]))error("invalid connection");newLine = asLogical(CADDR(args));if(newLine == NA_LOGICAL)error("invalid `newLine' argument");if(!con->canread && !con->isopen)error("can only push back on open readable connections");if(!con->text)error("can only push back on text-mode connections");nexists = con->nPushBack;if((n = length(stext)) > 0) {if(nexists > 0) {q = con->PushBack =(char **) realloc(con->PushBack, (n+nexists)*sizeof(char *));} else {q = con->PushBack = (char **) malloc(n*sizeof(char *));}if(!q) error("could not allocate space for pushBack");q += nexists;for(i = 0; i < n; i++) {p = CHAR(STRING_ELT(stext, n - i - 1));*q = (char *) malloc(strlen(p) + 1 + newLine);if(!(*q)) error("could not allocate space for pushBack");strcpy(*q, p);if(newLine) strcat(*q, "\n");q++;}con->posPushBack = 0;con->nPushBack += n;}return R_NilValue;}SEXP do_pushbacklength(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){int i;Rconnection con = NULL;SEXP ans;i = asInteger(CAR(args));if(i == NA_INTEGER || !(con = Connections[i]))error("invalid connection");PROTECT(ans = allocVector(INTSXP, 1));INTEGER(ans)[0] = con->nPushBack;UNPROTECT(1);return ans;}/* ------------------- sink functions --------------------- *//* Switch output to connection number icon, or popd stack if icon < 0*/Rboolean switch_or_tee_stdout(int icon, int closeOnExit, int tee){int toclose;if(icon == R_OutputCon) return FALSE;if(icon >= 0 && R_SinkNumber >= NSINKS - 1)error("sink stack is full");if(icon == 0)error("cannot switch output to stdin");else if(icon == 1 || icon == 2) {R_OutputCon = SinkCons[++R_SinkNumber] = icon;R_SinkSplit[R_SinkNumber] = tee;SinkConsClose[R_SinkNumber] = 0;} else if(icon >= 3) {Rconnection con = getConnection(icon); /* checks validity */toclose = 2*closeOnExit;if(!con->isopen) {if(!con->open(con)) error("cannot open the connection");toclose = 1;}R_OutputCon = SinkCons[++R_SinkNumber] = icon;SinkConsClose[R_SinkNumber] = toclose;R_SinkSplit[R_SinkNumber] = tee;} else { /* removing a sink */if (R_SinkNumber <= 0) {warning("no sink to remove");return FALSE;} else {R_OutputCon = SinkCons[--R_SinkNumber];if((icon = SinkCons[R_SinkNumber + 1]) >= 3) {Rconnection con = getConnection(icon);if(SinkConsClose[R_SinkNumber + 1] == 1) /* close it */con->close(con);else if (SinkConsClose[R_SinkNumber + 1] == 2) /* destroy it */con_close(icon);}}}return TRUE;}/* This is not only used by cat(), but is in a publicheader, so we need a wrapper */Rboolean switch_stdout(int icon, int closeOnExit){return switch_or_tee_stdout(icon, closeOnExit, 0);}SEXP do_sink(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP rho){int icon, closeOnExit, errcon, tee;checkArity(op, args);icon = asInteger(CAR(args));closeOnExit = asLogical(CADR(args));if(closeOnExit == NA_LOGICAL)error("invalid value for closeOnExit");errcon = asLogical(CADDR(args));if(errcon == NA_LOGICAL) error("invalid value for type");tee = asLogical(CADDDR(args));if(tee == NA_LOGICAL) error("invalid value for split");if(!errcon) {/* allow space for cat() to use sink() */if(icon >= 0 && R_SinkNumber >= NSINKS - 2)error("sink stack is full");switch_or_tee_stdout(icon, closeOnExit, tee);} else {if(icon < 0) R_ErrorCon = 2;else {getConnection(icon); /* check validity */R_ErrorCon = icon;}}return R_NilValue;}SEXP do_sinknumber(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP rho){SEXP ans;int errcon;checkArity(op, args);errcon = asLogical(CAR(args));if(errcon == NA_LOGICAL)error("invalid value for type");PROTECT(ans = allocVector(INTSXP, 1));INTEGER(ans)[0] = errcon ? R_SinkNumber : R_ErrorCon;UNPROTECT(1);return ans;}/* ------------------- admin functions --------------------- */void InitConnections(){int i;Connections[0] = newterminal("stdin", "r");Connections[0]->fgetc = stdin_fgetc;Connections[1] = newterminal("stdout", "w");Connections[1]->vfprintf = stdout_vfprintf;Connections[1]->fflush = stdout_fflush;Connections[2] = newterminal("stderr", "w");Connections[2]->vfprintf = stderr_vfprintf;Connections[2]->fflush = stderr_fflush;for(i = 3; i < NCONNECTIONS; i++) Connections[i] = NULL;R_OutputCon = 1;R_SinkNumber = 0;SinkCons[0] = 1; R_ErrorCon = 2;}SEXP do_getallconnections(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){int i, j=0, n=0;SEXP ans;checkArity(op, args);for(i = 0; i < NCONNECTIONS; i++)if(Connections[i]) n++;PROTECT(ans = allocVector(INTSXP, n));for(i = 0; i < NCONNECTIONS; i++)if(Connections[i])INTEGER(ans)[j++] = i;UNPROTECT(1);return ans;}SEXP do_sumconnection(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP ans, names;Rconnection Rcon;checkArity(op, args);Rcon = getConnection(asInteger(CAR(args)));PROTECT(ans = allocVector(VECSXP, 7));PROTECT(names = allocVector(STRSXP, 7));SET_STRING_ELT(names, 0, mkChar("description"));SET_VECTOR_ELT(ans, 0, mkString(Rcon->description));SET_STRING_ELT(names, 1, mkChar("class"));SET_VECTOR_ELT(ans, 1, mkString(Rcon->class));SET_STRING_ELT(names, 2, mkChar("mode"));SET_VECTOR_ELT(ans, 2, mkString(Rcon->mode));SET_STRING_ELT(names, 3, mkChar("text"));SET_VECTOR_ELT(ans, 3, mkString(Rcon->text? "text":"binary"));SET_STRING_ELT(names, 4, mkChar("opened"));SET_VECTOR_ELT(ans, 4, mkString(Rcon->isopen? "opened":"closed"));SET_STRING_ELT(names, 5, mkChar("can read"));SET_VECTOR_ELT(ans, 5, mkString(Rcon->canread? "yes":"no"));SET_STRING_ELT(names, 6, mkChar("can write"));SET_VECTOR_ELT(ans, 6, mkString(Rcon->canwrite? "yes":"no"));setAttrib(ans, R_NamesSymbol, names);UNPROTECT(2);return ans;}#if defined(USE_WININET_ASYNC) && !defined(USE_WININET)# define USE_WININET 2#endif/* url(description, open, encoding) */SEXP do_url(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP scmd, sopen, ans, class, enc;char *url, *open, *class2 = "url";int i, ncon, block;Rconnection con = NULL;#ifdef HAVE_INTERNETUrlScheme type = HTTPsh; /* -Wall */#endifcheckArity(op, args);scmd = CAR(args);if(!isString(scmd) || length(scmd) < 1)error("invalid `description' argument");if(length(scmd) > 1)warning("only first element of `description' argument used");url = CHAR(STRING_ELT(scmd, 0));#ifdef HAVE_INTERNETif (strncmp(url, "http://", 7) == 0) {type = HTTPsh;} else if (strncmp(url, "ftp://", 6) == 0) {type = FTPsh;}#endifsopen = CADR(args);if(!isString(sopen) || length(sopen) != 1)error("invalid `open' argument");open = CHAR(STRING_ELT(sopen, 0));block = asLogical(CADDR(args));if(block == NA_LOGICAL)error("invalid `block' argument");enc = CADDDR(args);if(!isInteger(enc) || length(enc) != 256)error("invalid `enc' argument");ncon = NextConnection();if(strncmp(url, "file://", 7) == 0) {con = newfile(url + 7, strlen(open) ? open : "r");class2 = "file";#ifdef HAVE_INTERNET} else if (strncmp(url, "http://", 7) == 0 ||strncmp(url, "ftp://", 6) == 0) {con = R_newurl(url, strlen(open) ? open : "r");((Rurlconn)con->private)->type = type;#endif} else {if(PRIMVAL(op)) { /* call to file() */if(strlen(url) == 0) open ="w+";#ifdef Win32if(strcmp(url, "clipboard") == 0)con = newclp(strlen(open) ? open : "r");else#endifcon = newfile(url, strlen(open) ? open : "r");class2 = "file";} else {error("unsupported URL scheme");}}Connections[ncon] = con;for(i = 0; i < 256; i++)con->encoding[i] = (unsigned char) INTEGER(enc)[i];con->blocking = block;/* open it if desired */if(strlen(open)) {Rboolean success = con->open(con);if(!success) {con_close(ncon);error("unable to open connection");}}PROTECT(ans = allocVector(INTSXP, 1));INTEGER(ans)[0] = ncon;PROTECT(class = allocVector(STRSXP, 2));SET_STRING_ELT(class, 0, mkChar(class2));SET_STRING_ELT(class, 1, mkChar("connection"));classgets(ans, class);UNPROTECT(2);return ans;}/* This function allows C code to call the write method of aconnection. It is mainly intended as a means for C code to do abuffered write to sockets, but could be the start of a moreextensive C-level connection API. LT */size_t R_WriteConnection(Rconnection con, void *buf, size_t n){if(!con->isopen) error("connection is not open");if(!con->canwrite) error("cannot write to this connection");return con->write(buf, 1, n, con);}/* ------------------- (de)compression functions --------------------- */static int gz_magic[2] = {0x1f, 0x8b}; /* gzip magic header *//* gzip flag byte */#define ASCII_FLAG 0x01 /* bit 0 set: file probably ascii text */#define HEAD_CRC 0x02 /* bit 1 set: header CRC present */#define EXTRA_FIELD 0x04 /* bit 2 set: extra field present */#define ORIG_NAME 0x08 /* bit 3 set: original file name present */#define COMMENT 0x10 /* bit 4 set: file comment present */#define RESERVED 0xE0 /* bits 5..7: reserved */#define get_byte() (icon->read(&ccc, 1, 1, icon), ccc)#define Z_BUFSIZE 16384static Rboolean gzcon_open(Rconnection con){Rgzconn priv = (Rgzconn)con->private;Rconnection icon = priv->con;int err;if(!icon->open(icon)) return FALSE;con->isopen = TRUE;con->canwrite = icon->canwrite;con->canread = !con->canwrite;con->save = -1000;priv->s.zalloc = (alloc_func)0;priv->s.zfree = (free_func)0;priv->s.opaque = (voidpf)0;priv->s.next_in = Z_NULL;priv->s.next_out = Z_NULL;priv->s.avail_in = priv->s.avail_out = 0;priv->inbuf = priv->outbuf = Z_NULL;priv->z_err = Z_OK;priv->z_eof = 0;priv->crc = crc32(0L, Z_NULL, 0);if(con->canread) {/* read header */char c, ccc, method, flags, dummy[6];unsigned char head[2];uInt len;icon->read(head, 1, 2, icon);if(head[0] != gz_magic[0] || head[1] != gz_magic[1]) {if(!priv->allow) {warning("file stream does not have gzip magic number");return FALSE;}priv->nsaved = 2;priv->saved[0] = head[0];priv->saved[1] = head[1];return TRUE;}icon->read(&method, 1, 1, icon);icon->read(&flags, 1, 1, icon);if (method != Z_DEFLATED || (flags & RESERVED) != 0) {warning("file stream does not have valid gzip header");return FALSE;}icon->read(dummy, 1, 6, icon);if ((flags & EXTRA_FIELD) != 0) { /* skip the extra field */len = (uInt)get_byte();len += ((uInt)get_byte())<<8;/* len is garbage if EOF but the loop below will quit anyway */while (len-- != 0 && get_byte() != EOF) ;}if ((flags & ORIG_NAME) != 0) { /* skip the original file name */while ((c = get_byte()) != 0 && c != EOF) ;}if ((flags & COMMENT) != 0) { /* skip the .gz file comment */while ((c = get_byte()) != 0 && c != EOF) ;}if ((flags & HEAD_CRC) != 0) { /* skip the header crc */for (len = 0; len < 2; len++) (void)get_byte();}priv->s.next_in = priv->inbuf = (Byte*)malloc(Z_BUFSIZE);err = inflateInit2(&(priv->s), -MAX_WBITS);} else {/* write a header */char head[11];sprintf(head, "%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c", gz_magic[0], gz_magic[1],Z_DEFLATED, 0 /*flags*/, 0,0,0,0 /*time*/, 0 /*xflags*/,0 /*OS_CODE*/);icon->write(head, 1, 10, icon);err = deflateInit2(&(priv->s), priv->cp, Z_DEFLATED, -MAX_WBITS,8, Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY);priv->s.next_out = priv->outbuf = (Byte*)malloc(Z_BUFSIZE);priv->s.avail_out = Z_BUFSIZE;}return TRUE;}static void putLong(Rconnection con, uLong x){int n;unsigned char buf[4];for (n = 0; n < 4; n++) {buf[n] = (x & 0xff);x >>= 8;}con->write(&buf, 4, 1, con);}static void gzcon_close(Rconnection con){Rgzconn priv = (Rgzconn)con->private;Rconnection icon = priv->con;int err;if(icon->canwrite) {uInt len;int done = 0;priv->s.avail_in = 0; /* should be zero already anyway */for (;;) {len = Z_BUFSIZE - priv->s.avail_out;if (len != 0) {if (icon->write(priv->outbuf, 1, len, icon) != len) {priv->z_err = Z_ERRNO;error("writing error whilst flushing gzcon connection");}priv->s.next_out = priv->outbuf;priv->s.avail_out = Z_BUFSIZE;}if (done) break;priv->z_err = deflate(&(priv->s), Z_FINISH);/* deflate has finished flushing only when it hasn't used up* all the available space in the output buffer:*/done = (priv->s.avail_out != 0 || priv->z_err == Z_STREAM_END);if (priv->z_err != Z_OK && priv->z_err != Z_STREAM_END) break;}err = deflateEnd(&(priv->s));/* NB: these must be little-endian */putLong(icon, priv->crc);putLong(icon, priv->s.total_in);} else err = inflateEnd(&(priv->s));if(priv->inbuf) {free(priv->inbuf); priv->inbuf = Z_NULL;}if(priv->outbuf) {free(priv->outbuf); priv->outbuf = Z_NULL;}if(icon->isopen) icon->close(icon);con->isopen = FALSE;}static size_t gzcon_read(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nitems,Rconnection con){Rgzconn priv = (Rgzconn)con->private;Rconnection icon = priv->con;Bytef *start = (Bytef*)ptr, buf[4];uLong crc;int n;if (priv->nsaved >= 0) { /* non-compressed mode */size_t len = size*nitems;int i, nsaved = priv->nsaved;if (len == 0) return 0;if (len >= 2) {for(i = 0; i < priv->nsaved; i++)((char *)ptr)[i] = priv->saved[i];priv->nsaved = 0;return (nsaved + icon->read((char *)ptr+nsaved, 1, len - nsaved,icon))/size;}if (len == 1) { /* size must be one */if (nsaved > 0) {((char *)ptr)[0] = priv->saved[0];priv->saved[0] = priv->saved[1];priv->nsaved--;return 1;} elsereturn icon->read(ptr, 1, 1, icon);}}priv->s.next_out = (Bytef*)ptr;priv->s.avail_out = size*nitems;while (priv->s.avail_out != 0) {if (priv->s.avail_in == 0 && !priv->z_eof) {priv->s.avail_in = icon->read(priv->inbuf, 1, Z_BUFSIZE, icon);if (priv->s.avail_in == 0) priv->z_eof = 1;priv->s.next_in = priv->inbuf;}priv->z_err = inflate(&(priv->s), Z_NO_FLUSH);if (priv->z_err == Z_STREAM_END) {/* Check CRC */priv->crc = crc32(priv->crc, start,(uInt)(priv->s.next_out - start));start = priv->s.next_out;/* CRC is little-endian on file */icon->read(&buf, 1, sizeof(uLong), icon);crc = 0;for (n = 0; n < 4; n++) {crc <<= 8; crc += buf[n];}if (crc != priv->crc) priv->z_err = Z_DATA_ERROR;}if (priv->z_err != Z_OK || priv->z_eof) break;}priv->crc = crc32(priv->crc, start, (uInt)(priv->s.next_out - start));return (int)(size*nitems - priv->s.avail_out)/size;}static size_t gzcon_write(const void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nitems,Rconnection con){Rgzconn priv = (Rgzconn)con->private;Rconnection icon = priv->con;priv->s.next_in = (Bytef*)ptr;priv->s.avail_in = size*nitems;while (priv->s.avail_in != 0) {if (priv->s.avail_out == 0) {priv->s.next_out = priv->outbuf;if (icon->write(priv->outbuf, 1, Z_BUFSIZE, icon) != Z_BUFSIZE) {priv->z_err = Z_ERRNO;warning("write error on gzcon connection");break;}priv->s.avail_out = Z_BUFSIZE;}priv->z_err = deflate(&(priv->s), Z_NO_FLUSH);if (priv->z_err != Z_OK) break;}priv->crc = crc32(priv->crc, (const Bytef *)ptr, size*nitems);return (int)(size*nitems - priv->s.avail_in)/size;}static int gzcon_fgetc(Rconnection con){unsigned char c;int n = gzcon_read(&c, 1, 1, con);return (n == 1) ? con->encoding[c] : R_EOF;}/* gzcon(con, level) */SEXP do_gzcon(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP rho){SEXP ans, class;int i, icon, level, allow;Rconnection incon=NULL, new=NULL;char *m, *mode = NULL /* -Wall */, description[1000];checkArity(op, args);if(!inherits(CAR(args), "connection"))errorcall(call, "`con' is not a connection");incon = getConnection(icon = asInteger(CAR(args)));level = asInteger(CADR(args));if(level == NA_INTEGER || level < 0 || level > 9)errorcall(call, "`level' must be one of 0 ... 9");allow = asLogical(CADDR(args));if(allow == NA_INTEGER)errorcall(call, "`allowNonCompression' must be TRUE or FALSE");/* if(incon->text)error("gzcon can only work with binary connections");*/m = incon->mode;if(strcmp(m, "r") == 0 || strcmp(m, "rb") == 0) mode = "rb";else if (strcmp(m, "w") == 0 || strcmp(m, "wb") == 0) mode = "wb";else errorcall(call, "can only use read- or write- binary connections");new = (Rconnection) malloc(sizeof(struct Rconn));if(!new) error("allocation of gzcon connection failed");new->class = (char *) malloc(strlen("gzcon") + 1);if(!new->class) {free(new);error("allocation of gzcon connection failed");}strcpy(new->class, "gzcon");sprintf(description, "gzcon(%s)", incon->description);new->description = (char *) malloc(strlen(description) + 1);if(!new->description) {free(new->class); free(new);error("allocation of gzcon connection failed");}init_con(new, description, mode);new->text = FALSE;new->isGzcon = TRUE;new->open = &gzcon_open;new->close = &gzcon_close;new->vfprintf = &dummy_vfprintf;new->fgetc = &gzcon_fgetc;new->read = &gzcon_read;new->write = &gzcon_write;new->private = (void *) malloc(sizeof(struct gzconn));if(!new->private) {free(new->description); free(new->class); free(new);error("allocation of gzcon connection failed");}((Rgzconn)(new->private))->con = incon;((Rgzconn)(new->private))->cp = level;((Rgzconn)(new->private))->nsaved = -1;((Rgzconn)(new->private))->allow = allow;Connections[icon] = new;for(i = 0; i < 256; i++)new->encoding[i] = incon->encoding[i];if(incon->isopen) new->open(new);PROTECT(ans = allocVector(INTSXP, 1));INTEGER(ans)[0] = icon;PROTECT(class = allocVector(STRSXP, 2));SET_STRING_ELT(class, 0, mkChar("gzcon"));SET_STRING_ELT(class, 1, mkChar("connection"));classgets(ans, class);UNPROTECT(2);return ans;}/* Experimental code for in-memory (de)compressionof data stored in a scalar string. Uses a 4-byte header of length,in XDR order. */#ifndef WORDS_BIGENDIANstatic unsigned int uiSwap (unsigned int x){return((x << 24) | ((x & 0xff00) << 8) | ((x & 0xff0000) >> 8) | (x >> 24));}#else#define uiSwap(x) (x)#endifSEXP R_compress1(SEXP in){uLong inlen, outlen;int res;Bytef *buf;SEXP ans;if(!isString(in) || length(in) !=1)error("requires a scalar string");inlen = LENGTH(STRING_ELT(in, 0));outlen = 1.001*inlen + 20;buf = (Bytef *) R_alloc(outlen, sizeof(Bytef));/* we want this to be system-independent */*((unsigned int *)buf) = (unsigned int) uiSwap(inlen);res = compress(buf + 4, &outlen, (Bytef *)CHAR(STRING_ELT(in, 0)), inlen);if(res != Z_OK) error("internal error in compress1");ans = allocVector(CHARSXP, outlen + 4);memcpy(CHAR(ans), buf, outlen + 4);return ScalarString(ans);}SEXP R_decompress1(SEXP in){uLong inlen, outlen;int res;Bytef *buf;char *p = CHAR(STRING_ELT(in, 0));SEXP ans;if(!isString(in) || length(in) !=1)error("requires a scalar string");inlen = LENGTH(STRING_ELT(in, 0));outlen = (uLong) uiSwap(*((unsigned int *) p));buf = (Bytef *) R_alloc(outlen, sizeof(Bytef));res = uncompress(buf, &outlen, (Bytef *)(p + 4), inlen - 4);if(res != Z_OK) error("internal error in decompress1");ans = allocVector(CHARSXP, outlen);memcpy(CHAR(ans), buf, outlen);return ScalarString(ans);}SEXP do_sockselect(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP rho){int nsock, i;SEXP insock, write, val, insockfd;double timeout;checkArity(op, args);insock = CAR(args);if (TYPEOF(insock) != VECSXP || LENGTH(insock) == 0)errorcall(call, "not a list of sockets");nsock = LENGTH(insock);write = CADR(args);if (TYPEOF(write) != LGLSXP || LENGTH(write) != nsock)errorcall(call, "bad write indicators");timeout = asReal(CADDR(args));PROTECT(insockfd = allocVector(INTSXP, nsock));PROTECT(val = allocVector(LGLSXP, nsock));for (i = 0; i < nsock; i++) {Rconnection conn = getConnection(asInteger(VECTOR_ELT(insock, i)));if (strcmp(conn->class, "socket") != 0)errorcall(call, "not a socket connection");INTEGER(insockfd)[i] = ((Rsockconn) conn->private)->fd;}Rsockselect(nsock, INTEGER(insockfd), LOGICAL(val), LOGICAL(write),timeout);UNPROTECT(2);return val;}