The R Project SVN R

\name{which}
\alias{which}
\title{Which indices are TRUE?}
\description{
  Give the \code{TRUE} indices of a logical object, allowing for array
  indices.
}
\usage{
which(x, arr.ind = FALSE)
}
\arguments{
 \item{x}{a \code{\link{logical}} vector or array.  \code{\link{NA}}s
     are allowed and omitted (treated as if \code{FALSE}).}
 \item{arr.ind}{logical; should \bold{arr}ay \bold{ind}ices be returned
     when \code{x} is an array?}
}
\value{
    If \code{arr.ind == FALSE} (the default), an integer vector with
    \code{length} equal to \code{sum(x)}, i.e., to the number of
    \code{TRUE}s in \code{x}; Basically, the result is
    \code{(1:length(x))[x]}.

    If \code{arr.ind == TRUE} and \code{x} is an \code{\link{array}}
    (has a \code{\link{dim}} attribute), the result is a matrix
    who's rows each are the indices of one element of \code{x}; see
    Examples below.
}
\author{Werner Stahel and Peter Holzer \email{holzer@stat.math.ethz.ch},
    for the array case.}
\seealso{\code{\link{Logic}}, \code{\link{which.min}} for the index of
  the minimum or maximum.}
\examples{
which(LETTERS == "R")
which(ll <- c(TRUE,FALSE,TRUE,NA,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE))#> 1 3 7
names(ll) <- letters[seq(ll)]
which(ll)
which((1:12)\%\%2 == 0) # which are even?
str(which(1:10 > 3, arr.ind=TRUE))

( m <- matrix(1:12,3,4) )
which(m \%\% 3 == 0)
which(m \%\% 3 == 0, arr.ind=TRUE)
rownames(m) <- paste("Case",1:3, sep="_")
which(m \%\% 5 == 0, arr.ind=TRUE)

dim(m) <- c(2,2,3); m
which(m \%\% 3 == 0, arr.ind=FALSE)
which(m \%\% 3 == 0, arr.ind=TRUE)

vm <- c(m)
dim(vm) <- length(vm) #-- funny thing with  length(dim(...)) == 1
which(vm \%\% 3 == 0, arr.ind=TRUE)
}
\keyword{logic}
\keyword{attribute}