The R Project SVN – R – Blame – /trunk/tests/Examples/grDevices-Ex.Rout.save

Rev	Author	Line No.	Line
56186	murdoch	1
77448	maechler	2	`R Under development (unstable) (2019-11-22 r77447) -- "Unsuffered Consequences"`
75937	ripley	3	`Copyright (C) 2019 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing`
77431	ripley	4	`Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)`
56186	murdoch	5
		6	`R is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.`
		7	`You are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions.`
		8	`Type 'license()' or 'licence()' for distribution details.`
		9
		10	`Natural language support but running in an English locale`
		11
		12	`R is a collaborative project with many contributors.`
		13	`Type 'contributors()' for more information and`
		14	`'citation()' on how to cite R or R packages in publications.`
		15
		16	`Type 'demo()' for some demos, 'help()' for on-line help, or`
		17	`'help.start()' for an HTML browser interface to help.`
		18	`Type 'q()' to quit R.`
		19
		20	`> pkgname <- "grDevices"`
		21	`> source(file.path(R.home("share"), "R", "examples-header.R"))`
		22	`> options(warn = 1)`
		23	`> library('grDevices')`
		24	`>`
61787	ripley	25	`> base::assign(".oldSearch", base::search(), pos = 'CheckExEnv')`
73819	hornik	26	`> base::assign(".old_wd", base::getwd(), pos = 'CheckExEnv')`
56186	murdoch	27	`> cleanEx()`
		28	`> nameEx("Devices")`
		29	`> ### * Devices`
		30	`>`
		31	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		32	`>`
		33	`> ### Name: Devices`
		34	`> ### Title: List of Graphical Devices`
		35	`> ### Aliases: Devices device`
		36	`> ### Keywords: device`
		37	`>`
		38	`> ### ** Examples`
		39	`> ## Not run:`
		40	`> ##D ## open the default screen device on this platform if no device is`
		41	`> ##D ## open`
		42	`> ##D if(dev.cur() == 1) dev.new()`
		43	`> ## End(Not run)`
		44	`>`
		45	`>`
		46	`> cleanEx()`
		47	`> nameEx("Hershey")`
		48	`> ### * Hershey`
		49	`>`
		50	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		51	`>`
		52	`> ### Name: Hershey`
		53	`> ### Title: Hershey Vector Fonts in R`
		54	`> ### Aliases: Hershey`
		55	`> ### Keywords: aplot`
		56	`>`
		57	`> ### ** Examples`
		58	`>`
		59	`> Hershey`
		60	`$typeface`
		61	`[1] "serif" "sans serif" "script"`
		62	`[4] "gothic english" "gothic german" "gothic italian"`
		63	`[7] "serif symbol" "sans serif symbol"`
		64
		65	`$fontindex`
		66	`[1] "plain" "italic" "bold" "bold italic"`
		67	`[5] "cyrillic" "oblique cyrillic" "EUC"`
		68
		69	`$allowed`
		70	`[,1] [,2]`
		71	`[1,] 1 1`
		72	`[2,] 1 2`
		73	`[3,] 1 3`
		74	`[4,] 1 4`
		75	`[5,] 1 5`
		76	`[6,] 1 6`
		77	`[7,] 1 7`
		78	`[8,] 2 1`
		79	`[9,] 2 2`
		80	`[10,] 2 3`
		81	`[11,] 2 4`
		82	`[12,] 3 1`
		83	`[13,] 3 2`
		84	`[14,] 3 3`
		85	`[15,] 4 1`
		86	`[16,] 5 1`
		87	`[17,] 6 1`
		88	`[18,] 7 1`
		89	`[19,] 7 2`
		90	`[20,] 7 3`
		91	`[21,] 7 4`
		92	`[22,] 8 1`
		93	`[23,] 8 2`
		94
		95	`>`
		96	`> ## for tables of examples, see demo(Hershey)`
		97	`>`
		98	`>`
		99	`>`
		100	`> cleanEx()`
		101	`> nameEx("Japanese")`
		102	`> ### * Japanese`
		103	`>`
		104	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		105	`>`
		106	`> ### Name: Japanese`
		107	`> ### Title: Japanese characters in R`
		108	`> ### Aliases: Japanese`
		109	`> ### Keywords: aplot`
		110	`>`
		111	`> ### ** Examples`
		112	`>`
		113	`> require(graphics)`
		114	`>`
61157	ripley	115	`> plot(1:9, type = "n", axes = FALSE, frame = TRUE, ylab = "",`
		116	`+ main = "example(Japanese)", xlab = "using Hershey fonts")`
		117	`> par(cex = 3)`
56186	murdoch	118	`> Vf <- c("serif", "plain")`
62738	murdoch	119	`> text(4, 2, "\\#J244b\\#J245b\\#J2473", vfont = Vf)`
		120	`> text(4, 4, "\\#J2538\\#J2563\\#J2551\\#J2573", vfont = Vf)`
56186	murdoch	121	`> text(4, 6, "\\#J467c\\#J4b5c", vfont = Vf)`
		122	`> text(4, 8, "Japan", vfont = Vf)`
61157	ripley	123	`> par(cex = 1)`
56186	murdoch	124	`> text(8, 2, "Hiragana")`
		125	`> text(8, 4, "Katakana")`
		126	`> text(8, 6, "Kanji")`
		127	`> text(8, 8, "English")`
		128	`>`
		129	`>`
		130	`>`
		131	`> graphics::par(get("par.postscript", pos = 'CheckExEnv'))`
		132	`> cleanEx()`
		133	`> nameEx("Type1Font")`
		134	`> ### * Type1Font`
		135	`>`
		136	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		137	`>`
		138	`> ### Name: Type1Font`
		139	`> ### Title: Type 1 and CID Fonts`
		140	`> ### Aliases: Type1Font CIDFont`
		141	`> ### Keywords: device`
		142	`>`
		143	`> ### ** Examples`
		144	`>`
		145	`> ## This duplicates "ComputerModernItalic".`
		146	`> CMitalic <- Type1Font("ComputerModern2",`
		147	`+ c("CM_regular_10.afm", "CM_boldx_10.afm",`
		148	`+ "cmti10.afm", "cmbxti10.afm",`
		149	`+ "CM_symbol_10.afm"),`
		150	`+ encoding = "TeXtext.enc")`
		151	`>`
		152	`> ## Not run:`
		153	`> ##D ## This could be used by`
		154	`> ##D postscript(family = CMitalic)`
		155	`> ##D ## or`
		156	`> ##D postscriptFonts(CMitalic = CMitalic) # once in a session`
		157	`> ##D postscript(family = "CMitalic", encoding = "TeXtext.enc")`
		158	`> ## End(Not run)`
		159	`>`
		160	`>`
		161	`> cleanEx()`
		162	`> nameEx("adjustcolor")`
		163	`> ### * adjustcolor`
		164	`>`
		165	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		166	`>`
		167	`> ### Name: adjustcolor`
		168	`> ### Title: Adjust Colors in One or More Directions Conveniently.`
		169	`> ### Aliases: adjustcolor`
		170	`>`
		171	`> ### ** Examples`
		172	`>`
		173	`> ## Illustrative examples :`
		174	`> opal <- palette("default")`
		175	`> stopifnot(identical(adjustcolor(1:8, 0.75),`
		176	`+ adjustcolor(palette(), 0.75)))`
		177	`> cbind(palette(), adjustcolor(1:8, 0.75))`
		178	`[,1] [,2]`
		179	`[1,] "black" "#000000BF"`
77336	murrell	180	`[2,] "#DF536B" "#DF536BBF"`
		181	`[3,] "#61D04F" "#61D04FBF"`
77438	murrell	182	`[4,] "#2297E6" "#2297E6BF"`
		183	`[5,] "#28E2E5" "#28E2E5BF"`
77336	murrell	184	`[6,] "#D03AF5" "#D03AF5BF"`
		185	`[7,] "#EEC21F" "#EEC21FBF"`
		186	`[8,] "#656565" "#656565BF"`
56186	murdoch	187	`>`
		188	`> ## alpha = 1/2 * previous alpha --> opaque colors`
		189	`> x <- palette(adjustcolor(palette(), 0.5))`
		190	`>`
		191	`> sines <- outer(1:20, 1:4, function(x, y) sin(x / 20 * pi * y))`
		192	`> matplot(sines, type = "b", pch = 21:23, col = 2:5, bg = 2:5,`
		193	`+ main = "Using an 'opaque ('translucent') color palette")`
		194	`>`
61169	ripley	195	`> x. <- adjustcolor(x, offset = c(0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0), # <- "more white"`
61157	ripley	196	`+ transform = diag(c(.7, .7, .7, 0.6)))`
56186	murdoch	197	`> cbind(x, x.)`
		198	`x x.`
		199	`[1,] "black" "#80808099"`
77336	murrell	200	`[2,] "#DF536B" "#FFBACA99"`
		201	`[3,] "#61D04F" "#C3FFB799"`
77438	murrell	202	`[4,] "#2297E6" "#97E9FF99"`
		203	`[5,] "#28E2E5" "#9BFFFF99"`
77336	murrell	204	`[6,] "#D03AF5" "#FFA8FF99"`
		205	`[7,] "#EEC21F" "#FFFF9599"`
		206	`[8,] "#656565" "#C6C6C699"`
61169	ripley	207	`> op <- par(bg = adjustcolor("goldenrod", offset = -rep(.4, 4)), xpd = NA)`
		208	`> plot(0:9, 0:9, type = "n", axes = FALSE, xlab = "", ylab = "",`
61157	ripley	209	`+ main = "adjustcolor() -> translucent")`
		210	`> text(1:8, labels = paste0(x,"++"), col = x., cex = 8)`
56186	murdoch	211	`> par(op)`
		212	`>`
		213	`> ## and`
		214	`>`
61169	ripley	215	`> (M <- cbind( rbind( matrix(1/3, 3, 3), 0), c(0, 0, 0, 1)))`
56186	murdoch	216	`[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]`
		217	`[1,] 0.3333333 0.3333333 0.3333333 0`
		218	`[2,] 0.3333333 0.3333333 0.3333333 0`
		219	`[3,] 0.3333333 0.3333333 0.3333333 0`
		220	`[4,] 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 1`
		221	`> adjustcolor(x, transform = M)`
77438	murrell	222	`[1] "#000000FF" "#8A8A8AFF" "#808080FF" "#8A8A8AFF" "#A5A5A5FF" "#AAAAAAFF"`
77336	murrell	223	`[7] "#9A9A9AFF" "#656565FF"`
56186	murdoch	224	`>`
		225	`> ## revert to previous palette: active`
		226	`> palette(opal)`
		227	`>`
		228	`>`
		229	`>`
		230	`> graphics::par(get("par.postscript", pos = 'CheckExEnv'))`
		231	`> cleanEx()`
		232	`> nameEx("as.raster")`
		233	`> ### * as.raster`
		234	`>`
		235	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		236	`>`
		237	`> ### Name: as.raster`
		238	`> ### Title: Create a Raster Object`
		239	`> ### Aliases: is.raster as.raster as.raster.logical as.raster.numeric`
69134	maechler	240	`> ### as.raster.raw as.raster.character as.raster.matrix as.raster.array`
56186	murdoch	241	`> ### Keywords: dplot`
		242	`>`
		243	`> ### ** Examples`
		244	`>`
		245	`> # A red gradient`
		246	`> as.raster(matrix(hcl(0, 80, seq(50, 80, 10)),`
61157	ripley	247	`+ nrow = 4, ncol = 5))`
56186	murdoch	248	`[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5]`
		249	`[1,] "#C54E6D" "#C54E6D" "#C54E6D" "#C54E6D" "#C54E6D"`
		250	`[2,] "#E16A86" "#E16A86" "#E16A86" "#E16A86" "#E16A86"`
		251	`[3,] "#FE86A1" "#FE86A1" "#FE86A1" "#FE86A1" "#FE86A1"`
		252	`[4,] "#FFA2BC" "#FFA2BC" "#FFA2BC" "#FFA2BC" "#FFA2BC"`
		253	`>`
		254	`> # Vectors are 1-column matrices ...`
		255	`> # character vectors are color names ...`
		256	`> as.raster(hcl(0, 80, seq(50, 80, 10)))`
		257	`[,1]`
		258	`[1,] "#C54E6D"`
		259	`[2,] "#E16A86"`
		260	`[3,] "#FE86A1"`
		261	`[4,] "#FFA2BC"`
		262	`> # numeric vectors are greyscale ...`
61157	ripley	263	`> as.raster(1:5, max = 5)`
56186	murdoch	264	`[,1]`
		265	`[1,] "#333333"`
		266	`[2,] "#666666"`
		267	`[3,] "#999999"`
		268	`[4,] "#CCCCCC"`
		269	`[5,] "#FFFFFF"`
69134	maechler	270	`> # logical vectors are black and white ...`
56186	murdoch	271	`> as.raster(1:10 %% 2 == 0)`
		272	`[,1]`
		273	`[1,] "#000000"`
		274	`[2,] "#FFFFFF"`
		275	`[3,] "#000000"`
		276	`[4,] "#FFFFFF"`
		277	`[5,] "#000000"`
		278	`[6,] "#FFFFFF"`
		279	`[7,] "#000000"`
		280	`[8,] "#FFFFFF"`
		281	`[9,] "#000000"`
		282	`[10,] "#FFFFFF"`
		283	`>`
		284	`> # ... unless nrow/ncol are supplied ...`
61157	ripley	285	`> as.raster(1:10 %% 2 == 0, nrow = 1)`
56186	murdoch	286	`[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7]`
		287	`[1,] "#000000" "#FFFFFF" "#000000" "#FFFFFF" "#000000" "#FFFFFF" "#000000"`
		288	`[,8] [,9] [,10]`
		289	`[1,] "#FFFFFF" "#000000" "#FFFFFF"`
		290	`>`
69134	maechler	291	`> # Matrix can also be logical or numeric (or raw) ...`
61157	ripley	292	`> as.raster(matrix(c(TRUE, FALSE), nrow = 3, ncol = 2))`
56186	murdoch	293	`[,1] [,2]`
		294	`[1,] "#FFFFFF" "#000000"`
		295	`[2,] "#000000" "#FFFFFF"`
		296	`[3,] "#FFFFFF" "#000000"`
61157	ripley	297	`> as.raster(matrix(1:3/4, nrow = 3, ncol = 4))`
56186	murdoch	298	`[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]`
		299	`[1,] "#404040" "#404040" "#404040" "#404040"`
		300	`[2,] "#808080" "#808080" "#808080" "#808080"`
		301	`[3,] "#BFBFBF" "#BFBFBF" "#BFBFBF" "#BFBFBF"`
		302	`>`
		303	`> # An array can be 3-plane numeric (R, G, B planes) ...`
		304	`> as.raster(array(c(0:1, rep(0.5, 4)), c(2, 1, 3)))`
		305	`[,1]`
		306	`[1,] "#008080"`
		307	`[2,] "#FF8080"`
		308	`>`
		309	`> # ... or 4-plane numeric (R, G, B, A planes)`
		310	`> as.raster(array(c(0:1, rep(0.5, 6)), c(2, 1, 4)))`
		311	`[,1]`
		312	`[1,] "#00808080"`
		313	`[2,] "#FF808080"`
		314	`>`
		315	`> # subsetting`
61157	ripley	316	`> r <- as.raster(matrix(colors()[1:100], ncol = 10))`
56186	murdoch	317	`> r[, 2]`
		318	`[,1]`
		319	`[1,] "aquamarine3"`
		320	`[2,] "aquamarine4"`
		321	`[3,] "azure"`
		322	`[4,] "azure1"`
		323	`[5,] "azure2"`
		324	`[6,] "azure3"`
		325	`[7,] "azure4"`
		326	`[8,] "beige"`
		327	`[9,] "bisque"`
		328	`[10,] "bisque1"`
		329	`> r[2:4, 2:5]`
		330	`[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]`
		331	`[1,] "aquamarine4" "bisque3" "brown" "cadetblue"`
		332	`[2,] "azure" "bisque4" "brown1" "cadetblue1"`
		333	`[3,] "azure1" "black" "brown2" "cadetblue2"`
		334	`>`
		335	`> # assigning to subset`
		336	`> r[2:4, 2:5] <- "white"`
		337	`>`
		338	`> # comparison`
		339	`> r == "white"`
		340	`[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8] [,9] [,10]`
		341	`[1,] TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE`
		342	`[2,] FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE`
		343	`[3,] FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE`
		344	`[4,] FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE`
		345	`[5,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE`
		346	`[6,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE`
		347	`[7,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE`
		348	`[8,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE`
		349	`[9,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE`
		350	`[10,] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE`
		351	`>`
		352	`> ## Don't show:`
		353	`> stopifnot(r[] == r,`
		354	`+ identical(r[3:5], colors()[3:5]))`
		355	`> r[2:4] <- "black"`
61169	ripley	356	`> stopifnot(identical(r[1:4, 1], as.raster(c("white", rep("black", 3)))))`
66943	maechler	357	`> ## End(Don't show)`
56186	murdoch	358	`>`
		359	`>`
		360	`>`
		361	`> cleanEx()`
57122	maechler	362	`> nameEx("axisTicks")`
		363	`> ### * axisTicks`
		364	`>`
		365	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		366	`>`
		367	`> ### Name: axisTicks`
		368	`> ### Title: Compute Pretty Axis Tick Scales`
		369	`> ### Aliases: axisTicks .axisPars`
		370	`> ### Keywords: dplot`
		371	`>`
		372	`> ### ** Examples`
		373	`>`
		374	`> ##--- Demonstrating correspondence between graphics'`
		375	`> ##--- axis() and the graphics-engine agnostic axisTicks() :`
		376	`>`
		377	`> require("graphics")`
		378	`> plot(10*(0:10)); (pu <- par("usr"))`
		379	`[1] 0.6 11.4 -4.0 104.0`
		380	`> aX <- function(side, at, ...)`
62642	hornik	381	`+ axis(side, at = at, labels = FALSE, lwd.ticks = 2, col.ticks = 2,`
		382	`+ tck = 0.05, ...)`
61169	ripley	383	`> aX(1, print(xa <- axisTicks(pu[1:2], log = FALSE))) # x axis`
57122	maechler	384	`[1] 2 4 6 8 10`
61169	ripley	385	`> aX(2, print(ya <- axisTicks(pu[3:4], log = FALSE))) # y axis`
57122	maechler	386	`[1] 0 20 40 60 80 100`
		387	`>`
61157	ripley	388	`> axisTicks(pu[3:4], log = FALSE, n = 10)`
57122	maechler	389	`[1] 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100`
		390	`>`
61157	ripley	391	`> plot(10*(0:10), log = "y"); (pu <- par("usr"))`
57122	maechler	392	`Warning in xy.coords(x, y, xlabel, ylabel, log) :`
		393	`1 y value <= 0 omitted from logarithmic plot`
		394	`[1] 0.60 11.40 0.96 2.04`
61169	ripley	395	`> aX(2, print(ya <- axisTicks(pu[3:4], log = TRUE))) # y axis`
57122	maechler	396	`[1] 10 20 50 100`
		397	`>`
61157	ripley	398	`> plot(2^(0:9), log = "y"); (pu <- par("usr"))`
57122	maechler	399	`[1] 0.6400000 10.3600000 -0.1083708 2.8176408`
61169	ripley	400	`> aX(2, print(ya <- axisTicks(pu[3:4], log = TRUE))) # y axis`
57122	maechler	401	`[1] 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 200 500`
		402	`>`
		403	`>`
		404	`>`
		405	`>`
		406	`> graphics::par(get("par.postscript", pos = 'CheckExEnv'))`
		407	`> cleanEx()`
56186	murdoch	408	`> nameEx("boxplot.stats")`
		409	`> ### * boxplot.stats`
		410	`>`
		411	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		412	`>`
		413	`> ### Name: boxplot.stats`
		414	`> ### Title: Box Plot Statistics`
		415	`> ### Aliases: boxplot.stats`
		416	`> ### Keywords: dplot`
		417	`>`
		418	`> ### ** Examples`
		419	`>`
		420	`> require(stats)`
		421	`> x <- c(1:100, 1000)`
		422	`> (b1 <- boxplot.stats(x))`
		423	`$stats`
		424	`[1] 1 26 51 76 100`
		425
		426	`$n`
		427	`[1] 101`
		428
		429	`$conf`
		430	`[1] 43.13921 58.86079`
		431
		432	`$out`
		433	`[1] 1000`
		434
61157	ripley	435	`> (b2 <- boxplot.stats(x, do.conf = FALSE, do.out = FALSE))`
56186	murdoch	436	`$stats`
		437	`[1] 1 26 51 76 100`
		438
		439	`$n`
		440	`[1] 101`
		441
		442	`$conf`
		443	`NULL`
		444
		445	`$out`
		446	`numeric(0)`
		447
61157	ripley	448	`> stopifnot(b1 $ stats == b2 $ stats) # do.out = FALSE is still robust`
		449	`> boxplot.stats(x, coef = 3, do.conf = FALSE)`
56186	murdoch	450	`$stats`
		451	`[1] 1 26 51 76 100`
		452
		453	`$n`
		454	`[1] 101`
		455
		456	`$conf`
		457	`NULL`
		458
		459	`$out`
		460	`[1] 1000`
		461
		462	`> ## no outlier treatment:`
		463	`> boxplot.stats(x, coef = 0)`
		464	`$stats`
		465	`[1] 1 26 51 76 1000`
		466
		467	`$n`
		468	`[1] 101`
		469
		470	`$conf`
		471	`[1] 43.13921 58.86079`
		472
		473	`$out`
		474	`numeric(0)`
		475
		476	`>`
		477	`> boxplot.stats(c(x, NA)) # slight change : n is 101`
		478	`$stats`
		479	`[1] 1 26 51 76 100`
		480
		481	`$n`
		482	`[1] 101`
		483
		484	`$conf`
		485	`[1] 43.13921 58.86079`
		486
		487	`$out`
		488	`[1] 1000`
		489
		490	`> (r <- boxplot.stats(c(x, -1:1/0)))`
		491	`$stats`
		492	`[1] 1.0 25.5 51.0 76.5 100.0`
		493
		494	`$n`
		495	`[1] 103`
		496
		497	`$conf`
		498	`[1] 43.06022 58.93978`
		499
		500	`$out`
		501	`[1] 1000 -Inf Inf`
		502
		503	`> stopifnot(r$out == c(1000, -Inf, Inf))`
		504	`>`
		505	`> ## Don't show:`
		506	`> ## Difference between quartiles and hinges :`
		507	`> nn <- 1:17 ; n4 <- nn %% 4`
		508	`> hin <- sapply(sapply(nn, seq), function(x) boxplot.stats(x)$stats[c(2,4)])`
		509	`> q13 <- sapply(sapply(nn, seq), quantile, probs = c(1,3)/4, names = FALSE)`
		510	`> m <- t(rbind(q13,hin))[, c(1,3,2,4)]`
		511	`> dimnames(m) <- list(paste(nn), c("q1","lH", "q3","uH"))`
61169	ripley	512	`> stopifnot(m[n4 == 1, 1:2] == (nn[n4 == 1] + 3)/4, # quart. = hinge`
61157	ripley	513	`+ m[n4 == 1, 3:4] == (3*nn[n4 == 1] + 1)/4,`
56186	murdoch	514	`+ m[,"lH"] == ( (nn+3) %/% 2) / 2,`
		515	`+ m[,"uH"] == ((3*nn+2)%/% 2) / 2)`
		516	`> cm <- noquote(format(m))`
		517	`> cm[m[,2] == m[,1], 2] <- " = "`
		518	`> cm[m[,4] == m[,3], 4] <- " = "`
		519	`> cm`
		520	`q1 lH q3 uH`
		521	`1 1.00 = 1.00 =`
		522	`2 1.25 1.00 1.75 2.00`
		523	`3 1.50 = 2.50 =`
		524	`4 1.75 1.50 3.25 3.50`
		525	`5 2.00 = 4.00 =`
		526	`6 2.25 2.00 4.75 5.00`
		527	`7 2.50 = 5.50 =`
		528	`8 2.75 2.50 6.25 6.50`
		529	`9 3.00 = 7.00 =`
		530	`10 3.25 3.00 7.75 8.00`
		531	`11 3.50 = 8.50 =`
		532	`12 3.75 3.50 9.25 9.50`
		533	`13 4.00 = 10.00 =`
		534	`14 4.25 4.00 10.75 11.00`
		535	`15 4.50 = 11.50 =`
		536	`16 4.75 4.50 12.25 12.50`
		537	`17 5.00 = 13.00 =`
66943	maechler	538	`> ## End(Don't show)`
56186	murdoch	539	`>`
		540	`>`
		541	`>`
		542	`>`
		543	`> cleanEx()`
		544	`> nameEx("check.options")`
		545	`> ### * check.options`
		546	`>`
		547	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		548	`>`
		549	`> ### Name: check.options`
		550	`> ### Title: Set Options with Consistency Checks`
		551	`> ### Aliases: check.options`
		552	`> ### Keywords: utilities programming`
		553	`>`
		554	`> ### ** Examples`
		555	`>`
61157	ripley	556	`> (L1 <- list(a = 1:3, b = pi, ch = "CH"))`
56186	murdoch	557	`$a`
		558	`[1] 1 2 3`
		559
		560	`$b`
		561	`[1] 3.141593`
		562
		563	`$ch`
		564	`[1] "CH"`
		565
61157	ripley	566	`> check.options(list(a = 0:2), name.opt = "L1")`
56186	murdoch	567	`$a`
		568	`[1] 0 1 2`
		569
		570	`$b`
		571	`[1] 3.141593`
		572
		573	`$ch`
		574	`[1] "CH"`
		575
		576	`> check.options(NULL, reset = TRUE, name.opt = "L1")`
		577	`$a`
		578	`[1] 1 2 3`
		579
		580	`$b`
		581	`[1] 3.141593`
		582
		583	`$ch`
		584	`[1] "CH"`
		585
		586	`>`
		587	`>`
		588	`>`
		589	`> cleanEx()`
		590	`> nameEx("chull")`
		591	`> ### * chull`
		592	`>`
		593	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		594	`>`
		595	`> ### Name: chull`
		596	`> ### Title: Compute Convex Hull of a Set of Points`
		597	`> ### Aliases: chull`
		598	`> ### Keywords: graphs`
		599	`>`
		600	`> ### ** Examples`
		601	`>`
62213	ripley	602	`> X <- matrix(stats::rnorm(2000), ncol = 2)`
56186	murdoch	603	`> chull(X)`
		604	`[1] 61 442 165 899 697 446 975 656 232 557 938 295 495`
		605	`> ## Not run:`
		606	`> ##D # Example usage from graphics package`
		607	`> ##D plot(X, cex = 0.5)`
		608	`> ##D hpts <- chull(X)`
		609	`> ##D hpts <- c(hpts, hpts[1])`
		610	`> ##D lines(X[hpts, ])`
		611	`> ## End(Not run)`
		612	`>`
		613	`>`
		614	`>`
		615	`> cleanEx()`
		616	`> nameEx("cm")`
		617	`> ### * cm`
		618	`>`
		619	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		620	`>`
		621	`> ### Name: cm`
		622	`> ### Title: Unit Transformation`
		623	`> ### Aliases: cm`
		624	`> ### Keywords: dplot`
		625	`>`
		626	`> ### ** Examples`
		627	`>`
61169	ripley	628	`> cm(1) # = 2.54`
56186	murdoch	629	`[1] 2.54`
		630	`>`
		631	`> ## Translate from cm to inches:`
		632	`>`
		633	`> 10 / cm(1) # -> 10cm are 3.937 inches`
		634	`[1] 3.937008`
		635	`>`
		636	`>`
		637	`>`
		638	`> cleanEx()`
		639	`> nameEx("col2rgb")`
		640	`> ### * col2rgb`
		641	`>`
		642	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		643	`>`
		644	`> ### Name: col2rgb`
		645	`> ### Title: Color to RGB Conversion`
		646	`> ### Aliases: col2rgb`
		647	`> ### Keywords: color dplot`
		648	`>`
		649	`> ### ** Examples`
		650	`>`
		651	`> col2rgb("peachpuff")`
		652	`[,1]`
		653	`red 255`
		654	`green 218`
		655	`blue 185`
61255	ripley	656	`> col2rgb(c(blu = "royalblue", reddish = "tomato")) # note: colnames`
56186	murdoch	657	`blu reddish`
		658	`red 65 255`
		659	`green 105 99`
		660	`blue 225 71`
		661	`>`
61255	ripley	662	`> col2rgb(1:8) # the ones from the palette() (if the default)`
56186	murdoch	663	`[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8]`
77438	murrell	664	`red 0 223 97 34 40 208 238 101`
		665	`green 0 83 208 151 226 58 194 101`
		666	`blue 0 107 79 230 229 245 31 101`
56186	murdoch	667	`>`
61157	ripley	668	`> col2rgb(paste0("gold", 1:4))`
56186	murdoch	669	`[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]`
		670	`red 255 238 205 139`
		671	`green 215 201 173 117`
		672	`blue 0 0 0 0`
		673	`>`
		674	`> col2rgb("#08a0ff")`
		675	`[,1]`
		676	`red 8`
		677	`green 160`
		678	`blue 255`
61300	ripley	679	`> ## all three kinds of color specifications:`
		680	`> col2rgb(c(red = "red", hex = "#abcdef"))`
		681	`red hex`
		682	`red 255 171`
		683	`green 0 205`
		684	`blue 0 239`
		685	`> col2rgb(c(palette = 1:3))`
		686	`palette1 palette2 palette3`
77336	murrell	687	`red 0 223 97`
		688	`green 0 83 208`
		689	`blue 0 107 79`
56186	murdoch	690	`>`
		691	`> ##-- NON-INTRODUCTORY examples --`
		692	`>`
61157	ripley	693	`> grC <- col2rgb(paste0("gray", 0:100))`
61169	ripley	694	`> table(print(diff(grC["red",]))) # '2' or '3': almost equidistant`
56186	murdoch	695	`[1] 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2`
		696	`[38] 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 3`
		697	`[75] 2 3 2 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3`
		698
		699	`2 3`
		700	`45 55`
		701	`> ## The 'named' grays are in between {"slate gray" is not gray, strictly}`
61157	ripley	702	`> col2rgb(c(g66 = "gray66", darkg = "dark gray", g67 = "gray67",`
		703	`+ g74 = "gray74", gray = "gray", g75 = "gray75",`
		704	`+ g82 = "gray82", light = "light gray", g83 = "gray83"))`
56186	murdoch	705	`g66 darkg g67 g74 gray g75 g82 light g83`
		706	`red 168 169 171 189 190 191 209 211 212`
		707	`green 168 169 171 189 190 191 209 211 212`
		708	`blue 168 169 171 189 190 191 209 211 212`
		709	`>`
		710	`> crgb <- col2rgb(cc <- colors())`
		711	`> colnames(crgb) <- cc`
61169	ripley	712	`> t(crgb) # The whole table`
56186	murdoch	713	`red green blue`
		714	`white 255 255 255`
		715	`aliceblue 240 248 255`
		716	`antiquewhite 250 235 215`
		717	`antiquewhite1 255 239 219`
		718	`antiquewhite2 238 223 204`
		719	`antiquewhite3 205 192 176`
		720	`antiquewhite4 139 131 120`
		721	`aquamarine 127 255 212`
		722	`aquamarine1 127 255 212`
		723	`aquamarine2 118 238 198`
		724	`aquamarine3 102 205 170`
		725	`aquamarine4 69 139 116`
		726	`azure 240 255 255`
		727	`azure1 240 255 255`
		728	`azure2 224 238 238`
		729	`azure3 193 205 205`
		730	`azure4 131 139 139`
		731	`beige 245 245 220`
		732	`bisque 255 228 196`
		733	`bisque1 255 228 196`
		734	`bisque2 238 213 183`
		735	`bisque3 205 183 158`
		736	`bisque4 139 125 107`
		737	`black 0 0 0`
		738	`blanchedalmond 255 235 205`
		739	`blue 0 0 255`
		740	`blue1 0 0 255`
		741	`blue2 0 0 238`
		742	`blue3 0 0 205`
		743	`blue4 0 0 139`
		744	`blueviolet 138 43 226`
		745	`brown 165 42 42`
		746	`brown1 255 64 64`
		747	`brown2 238 59 59`
		748	`brown3 205 51 51`
		749	`brown4 139 35 35`
		750	`burlywood 222 184 135`
		751	`burlywood1 255 211 155`
		752	`burlywood2 238 197 145`
		753	`burlywood3 205 170 125`
		754	`burlywood4 139 115 85`
		755	`cadetblue 95 158 160`
		756	`cadetblue1 152 245 255`
		757	`cadetblue2 142 229 238`
		758	`cadetblue3 122 197 205`
		759	`cadetblue4 83 134 139`
		760	`chartreuse 127 255 0`
		761	`chartreuse1 127 255 0`
		762	`chartreuse2 118 238 0`
		763	`chartreuse3 102 205 0`
		764	`chartreuse4 69 139 0`
		765	`chocolate 210 105 30`
		766	`chocolate1 255 127 36`
		767	`chocolate2 238 118 33`
		768	`chocolate3 205 102 29`
		769	`chocolate4 139 69 19`
		770	`coral 255 127 80`
		771	`coral1 255 114 86`
		772	`coral2 238 106 80`
		773	`coral3 205 91 69`
		774	`coral4 139 62 47`
		775	`cornflowerblue 100 149 237`
		776	`cornsilk 255 248 220`
		777	`cornsilk1 255 248 220`
		778	`cornsilk2 238 232 205`
		779	`cornsilk3 205 200 177`
		780	`cornsilk4 139 136 120`
		781	`cyan 0 255 255`
		782	`cyan1 0 255 255`
		783	`cyan2 0 238 238`
		784	`cyan3 0 205 205`
		785	`cyan4 0 139 139`
		786	`darkblue 0 0 139`
		787	`darkcyan 0 139 139`
		788	`darkgoldenrod 184 134 11`
		789	`darkgoldenrod1 255 185 15`
		790	`darkgoldenrod2 238 173 14`
		791	`darkgoldenrod3 205 149 12`
		792	`darkgoldenrod4 139 101 8`
		793	`darkgray 169 169 169`
		794	`darkgreen 0 100 0`
		795	`darkgrey 169 169 169`
		796	`darkkhaki 189 183 107`
		797	`darkmagenta 139 0 139`
		798	`darkolivegreen 85 107 47`
		799	`darkolivegreen1 202 255 112`
		800	`darkolivegreen2 188 238 104`
		801	`darkolivegreen3 162 205 90`
		802	`darkolivegreen4 110 139 61`
		803	`darkorange 255 140 0`
		804	`darkorange1 255 127 0`
		805	`darkorange2 238 118 0`
		806	`darkorange3 205 102 0`
		807	`darkorange4 139 69 0`
		808	`darkorchid 153 50 204`
		809	`darkorchid1 191 62 255`
		810	`darkorchid2 178 58 238`
		811	`darkorchid3 154 50 205`
		812	`darkorchid4 104 34 139`
		813	`darkred 139 0 0`
		814	`darksalmon 233 150 122`
		815	`darkseagreen 143 188 143`
		816	`darkseagreen1 193 255 193`
		817	`darkseagreen2 180 238 180`
		818	`darkseagreen3 155 205 155`
		819	`darkseagreen4 105 139 105`
		820	`darkslateblue 72 61 139`
		821	`darkslategray 47 79 79`
		822	`darkslategray1 151 255 255`
		823	`darkslategray2 141 238 238`
		824	`darkslategray3 121 205 205`
		825	`darkslategray4 82 139 139`
		826	`darkslategrey 47 79 79`
		827	`darkturquoise 0 206 209`
		828	`darkviolet 148 0 211`
		829	`deeppink 255 20 147`
		830	`deeppink1 255 20 147`
		831	`deeppink2 238 18 137`
		832	`deeppink3 205 16 118`
		833	`deeppink4 139 10 80`
		834	`deepskyblue 0 191 255`
		835	`deepskyblue1 0 191 255`
		836	`deepskyblue2 0 178 238`
		837	`deepskyblue3 0 154 205`
		838	`deepskyblue4 0 104 139`
		839	`dimgray 105 105 105`
		840	`dimgrey 105 105 105`
		841	`dodgerblue 30 144 255`
		842	`dodgerblue1 30 144 255`
		843	`dodgerblue2 28 134 238`
		844	`dodgerblue3 24 116 205`
		845	`dodgerblue4 16 78 139`
		846	`firebrick 178 34 34`
		847	`firebrick1 255 48 48`
		848	`firebrick2 238 44 44`
		849	`firebrick3 205 38 38`
		850	`firebrick4 139 26 26`
		851	`floralwhite 255 250 240`
		852	`forestgreen 34 139 34`
		853	`gainsboro 220 220 220`
		854	`ghostwhite 248 248 255`
		855	`gold 255 215 0`
		856	`gold1 255 215 0`
		857	`gold2 238 201 0`
		858	`gold3 205 173 0`
		859	`gold4 139 117 0`
		860	`goldenrod 218 165 32`
		861	`goldenrod1 255 193 37`
		862	`goldenrod2 238 180 34`
		863	`goldenrod3 205 155 29`
		864	`goldenrod4 139 105 20`
		865	`gray 190 190 190`
		866	`gray0 0 0 0`
		867	`gray1 3 3 3`
		868	`gray2 5 5 5`
		869	`gray3 8 8 8`
		870	`gray4 10 10 10`
		871	`gray5 13 13 13`
		872	`gray6 15 15 15`
		873	`gray7 18 18 18`
		874	`gray8 20 20 20`
		875	`gray9 23 23 23`
		876	`gray10 26 26 26`
		877	`gray11 28 28 28`
		878	`gray12 31 31 31`
		879	`gray13 33 33 33`
		880	`gray14 36 36 36`
		881	`gray15 38 38 38`
		882	`gray16 41 41 41`
		883	`gray17 43 43 43`
		884	`gray18 46 46 46`
		885	`gray19 48 48 48`
		886	`gray20 51 51 51`
		887	`gray21 54 54 54`
		888	`gray22 56 56 56`
		889	`gray23 59 59 59`
		890	`gray24 61 61 61`
		891	`gray25 64 64 64`
		892	`gray26 66 66 66`
		893	`gray27 69 69 69`
		894	`gray28 71 71 71`
		895	`gray29 74 74 74`
		896	`gray30 77 77 77`
		897	`gray31 79 79 79`
		898	`gray32 82 82 82`
		899	`gray33 84 84 84`
		900	`gray34 87 87 87`
		901	`gray35 89 89 89`
		902	`gray36 92 92 92`
		903	`gray37 94 94 94`
		904	`gray38 97 97 97`
		905	`gray39 99 99 99`
		906	`gray40 102 102 102`
		907	`gray41 105 105 105`
		908	`gray42 107 107 107`
		909	`gray43 110 110 110`
		910	`gray44 112 112 112`
		911	`gray45 115 115 115`
		912	`gray46 117 117 117`
		913	`gray47 120 120 120`
		914	`gray48 122 122 122`
		915	`gray49 125 125 125`
		916	`gray50 127 127 127`
		917	`gray51 130 130 130`
		918	`gray52 133 133 133`
		919	`gray53 135 135 135`
		920	`gray54 138 138 138`
		921	`gray55 140 140 140`
		922	`gray56 143 143 143`
		923	`gray57 145 145 145`
		924	`gray58 148 148 148`
		925	`gray59 150 150 150`
		926	`gray60 153 153 153`
		927	`gray61 156 156 156`
		928	`gray62 158 158 158`
		929	`gray63 161 161 161`
		930	`gray64 163 163 163`
		931	`gray65 166 166 166`
		932	`gray66 168 168 168`
		933	`gray67 171 171 171`
		934	`gray68 173 173 173`
		935	`gray69 176 176 176`
		936	`gray70 179 179 179`
		937	`gray71 181 181 181`
		938	`gray72 184 184 184`
		939	`gray73 186 186 186`
		940	`gray74 189 189 189`
		941	`gray75 191 191 191`
		942	`gray76 194 194 194`
		943	`gray77 196 196 196`
		944	`gray78 199 199 199`
		945	`gray79 201 201 201`
		946	`gray80 204 204 204`
		947	`gray81 207 207 207`
		948	`gray82 209 209 209`
		949	`gray83 212 212 212`
		950	`gray84 214 214 214`
		951	`gray85 217 217 217`
		952	`gray86 219 219 219`
		953	`gray87 222 222 222`
		954	`gray88 224 224 224`
		955	`gray89 227 227 227`
		956	`gray90 229 229 229`
		957	`gray91 232 232 232`
		958	`gray92 235 235 235`
		959	`gray93 237 237 237`
		960	`gray94 240 240 240`
		961	`gray95 242 242 242`
		962	`gray96 245 245 245`
		963	`gray97 247 247 247`
		964	`gray98 250 250 250`
		965	`gray99 252 252 252`
		966	`gray100 255 255 255`
		967	`green 0 255 0`
		968	`green1 0 255 0`
		969	`green2 0 238 0`
		970	`green3 0 205 0`
		971	`green4 0 139 0`
		972	`greenyellow 173 255 47`
		973	`grey 190 190 190`
		974	`grey0 0 0 0`
		975	`grey1 3 3 3`
		976	`grey2 5 5 5`
		977	`grey3 8 8 8`
		978	`grey4 10 10 10`
		979	`grey5 13 13 13`
		980	`grey6 15 15 15`
		981	`grey7 18 18 18`
		982	`grey8 20 20 20`
		983	`grey9 23 23 23`
		984	`grey10 26 26 26`
		985	`grey11 28 28 28`
		986	`grey12 31 31 31`
		987	`grey13 33 33 33`
		988	`grey14 36 36 36`
		989	`grey15 38 38 38`
		990	`grey16 41 41 41`
		991	`grey17 43 43 43`
		992	`grey18 46 46 46`
		993	`grey19 48 48 48`
		994	`grey20 51 51 51`
		995	`grey21 54 54 54`
		996	`grey22 56 56 56`
		997	`grey23 59 59 59`
		998	`grey24 61 61 61`
		999	`grey25 64 64 64`
		1000	`grey26 66 66 66`
		1001	`grey27 69 69 69`
		1002	`grey28 71 71 71`
		1003	`grey29 74 74 74`
		1004	`grey30 77 77 77`
		1005	`grey31 79 79 79`
		1006	`grey32 82 82 82`
		1007	`grey33 84 84 84`
		1008	`grey34 87 87 87`
		1009	`grey35 89 89 89`
		1010	`grey36 92 92 92`
		1011	`grey37 94 94 94`
		1012	`grey38 97 97 97`
		1013	`grey39 99 99 99`
		1014	`grey40 102 102 102`
		1015	`grey41 105 105 105`
		1016	`grey42 107 107 107`
		1017	`grey43 110 110 110`
		1018	`grey44 112 112 112`
		1019	`grey45 115 115 115`
		1020	`grey46 117 117 117`
		1021	`grey47 120 120 120`
		1022	`grey48 122 122 122`
		1023	`grey49 125 125 125`
		1024	`grey50 127 127 127`
		1025	`grey51 130 130 130`
		1026	`grey52 133 133 133`
		1027	`grey53 135 135 135`
		1028	`grey54 138 138 138`
		1029	`grey55 140 140 140`
		1030	`grey56 143 143 143`
		1031	`grey57 145 145 145`
		1032	`grey58 148 148 148`
		1033	`grey59 150 150 150`
		1034	`grey60 153 153 153`
		1035	`grey61 156 156 156`
		1036	`grey62 158 158 158`
		1037	`grey63 161 161 161`
		1038	`grey64 163 163 163`
		1039	`grey65 166 166 166`
		1040	`grey66 168 168 168`
		1041	`grey67 171 171 171`
		1042	`grey68 173 173 173`
		1043	`grey69 176 176 176`
		1044	`grey70 179 179 179`
		1045	`grey71 181 181 181`
		1046	`grey72 184 184 184`
		1047	`grey73 186 186 186`
		1048	`grey74 189 189 189`
		1049	`grey75 191 191 191`
		1050	`grey76 194 194 194`
		1051	`grey77 196 196 196`
		1052	`grey78 199 199 199`
		1053	`grey79 201 201 201`
		1054	`grey80 204 204 204`
		1055	`grey81 207 207 207`
		1056	`grey82 209 209 209`
		1057	`grey83 212 212 212`
		1058	`grey84 214 214 214`
		1059	`grey85 217 217 217`
		1060	`grey86 219 219 219`
		1061	`grey87 222 222 222`
		1062	`grey88 224 224 224`
		1063	`grey89 227 227 227`
		1064	`grey90 229 229 229`
		1065	`grey91 232 232 232`
		1066	`grey92 235 235 235`
		1067	`grey93 237 237 237`
		1068	`grey94 240 240 240`
		1069	`grey95 242 242 242`
		1070	`grey96 245 245 245`
		1071	`grey97 247 247 247`
		1072	`grey98 250 250 250`
		1073	`grey99 252 252 252`
		1074	`grey100 255 255 255`
		1075	`honeydew 240 255 240`
		1076	`honeydew1 240 255 240`
		1077	`honeydew2 224 238 224`
		1078	`honeydew3 193 205 193`
		1079	`honeydew4 131 139 131`
		1080	`hotpink 255 105 180`
		1081	`hotpink1 255 110 180`
		1082	`hotpink2 238 106 167`
		1083	`hotpink3 205 96 144`
		1084	`hotpink4 139 58 98`
		1085	`indianred 205 92 92`
		1086	`indianred1 255 106 106`
		1087	`indianred2 238 99 99`
		1088	`indianred3 205 85 85`
		1089	`indianred4 139 58 58`
		1090	`ivory 255 255 240`
		1091	`ivory1 255 255 240`
		1092	`ivory2 238 238 224`
		1093	`ivory3 205 205 193`
		1094	`ivory4 139 139 131`
		1095	`khaki 240 230 140`
		1096	`khaki1 255 246 143`
		1097	`khaki2 238 230 133`
		1098	`khaki3 205 198 115`
		1099	`khaki4 139 134 78`
		1100	`lavender 230 230 250`
		1101	`lavenderblush 255 240 245`
		1102	`lavenderblush1 255 240 245`
		1103	`lavenderblush2 238 224 229`
		1104	`lavenderblush3 205 193 197`
		1105	`lavenderblush4 139 131 134`
		1106	`lawngreen 124 252 0`
		1107	`lemonchiffon 255 250 205`
		1108	`lemonchiffon1 255 250 205`
		1109	`lemonchiffon2 238 233 191`
		1110	`lemonchiffon3 205 201 165`
		1111	`lemonchiffon4 139 137 112`
		1112	`lightblue 173 216 230`
		1113	`lightblue1 191 239 255`
		1114	`lightblue2 178 223 238`
		1115	`lightblue3 154 192 205`
		1116	`lightblue4 104 131 139`
		1117	`lightcoral 240 128 128`
		1118	`lightcyan 224 255 255`
		1119	`lightcyan1 224 255 255`
		1120	`lightcyan2 209 238 238`
		1121	`lightcyan3 180 205 205`
		1122	`lightcyan4 122 139 139`
		1123	`lightgoldenrod 238 221 130`
		1124	`lightgoldenrod1 255 236 139`
		1125	`lightgoldenrod2 238 220 130`
		1126	`lightgoldenrod3 205 190 112`
		1127	`lightgoldenrod4 139 129 76`
		1128	`lightgoldenrodyellow 250 250 210`
		1129	`lightgray 211 211 211`
		1130	`lightgreen 144 238 144`
		1131	`lightgrey 211 211 211`
		1132	`lightpink 255 182 193`
		1133	`lightpink1 255 174 185`
		1134	`lightpink2 238 162 173`
		1135	`lightpink3 205 140 149`
		1136	`lightpink4 139 95 101`
		1137	`lightsalmon 255 160 122`
		1138	`lightsalmon1 255 160 122`
		1139	`lightsalmon2 238 149 114`
		1140	`lightsalmon3 205 129 98`
		1141	`lightsalmon4 139 87 66`
		1142	`lightseagreen 32 178 170`
		1143	`lightskyblue 135 206 250`
		1144	`lightskyblue1 176 226 255`
		1145	`lightskyblue2 164 211 238`
		1146	`lightskyblue3 141 182 205`
		1147	`lightskyblue4 96 123 139`
		1148	`lightslateblue 132 112 255`
		1149	`lightslategray 119 136 153`
		1150	`lightslategrey 119 136 153`
		1151	`lightsteelblue 176 196 222`
		1152	`lightsteelblue1 202 225 255`
		1153	`lightsteelblue2 188 210 238`
		1154	`lightsteelblue3 162 181 205`
		1155	`lightsteelblue4 110 123 139`
		1156	`lightyellow 255 255 224`
		1157	`lightyellow1 255 255 224`
		1158	`lightyellow2 238 238 209`
		1159	`lightyellow3 205 205 180`
		1160	`lightyellow4 139 139 122`
		1161	`limegreen 50 205 50`
		1162	`linen 250 240 230`
		1163	`magenta 255 0 255`
		1164	`magenta1 255 0 255`
		1165	`magenta2 238 0 238`
		1166	`magenta3 205 0 205`
		1167	`magenta4 139 0 139`
		1168	`maroon 176 48 96`
		1169	`maroon1 255 52 179`
		1170	`maroon2 238 48 167`
		1171	`maroon3 205 41 144`
		1172	`maroon4 139 28 98`
		1173	`mediumaquamarine 102 205 170`
		1174	`mediumblue 0 0 205`
		1175	`mediumorchid 186 85 211`
		1176	`mediumorchid1 224 102 255`
		1177	`mediumorchid2 209 95 238`
		1178	`mediumorchid3 180 82 205`
		1179	`mediumorchid4 122 55 139`
		1180	`mediumpurple 147 112 219`
		1181	`mediumpurple1 171 130 255`
		1182	`mediumpurple2 159 121 238`
		1183	`mediumpurple3 137 104 205`
		1184	`mediumpurple4 93 71 139`
		1185	`mediumseagreen 60 179 113`
		1186	`mediumslateblue 123 104 238`
		1187	`mediumspringgreen 0 250 154`
		1188	`mediumturquoise 72 209 204`
		1189	`mediumvioletred 199 21 133`
		1190	`midnightblue 25 25 112`
		1191	`mintcream 245 255 250`
		1192	`mistyrose 255 228 225`
		1193	`mistyrose1 255 228 225`
		1194	`mistyrose2 238 213 210`
		1195	`mistyrose3 205 183 181`
		1196	`mistyrose4 139 125 123`
		1197	`moccasin 255 228 181`
		1198	`navajowhite 255 222 173`
		1199	`navajowhite1 255 222 173`
		1200	`navajowhite2 238 207 161`
		1201	`navajowhite3 205 179 139`
		1202	`navajowhite4 139 121 94`
		1203	`navy 0 0 128`
		1204	`navyblue 0 0 128`
		1205	`oldlace 253 245 230`
		1206	`olivedrab 107 142 35`
		1207	`olivedrab1 192 255 62`
		1208	`olivedrab2 179 238 58`
		1209	`olivedrab3 154 205 50`
		1210	`olivedrab4 105 139 34`
		1211	`orange 255 165 0`
		1212	`orange1 255 165 0`
		1213	`orange2 238 154 0`
		1214	`orange3 205 133 0`
		1215	`orange4 139 90 0`
		1216	`orangered 255 69 0`
		1217	`orangered1 255 69 0`
		1218	`orangered2 238 64 0`
		1219	`orangered3 205 55 0`
		1220	`orangered4 139 37 0`
		1221	`orchid 218 112 214`
		1222	`orchid1 255 131 250`
		1223	`orchid2 238 122 233`
		1224	`orchid3 205 105 201`
		1225	`orchid4 139 71 137`
		1226	`palegoldenrod 238 232 170`
		1227	`palegreen 152 251 152`
		1228	`palegreen1 154 255 154`
		1229	`palegreen2 144 238 144`
		1230	`palegreen3 124 205 124`
		1231	`palegreen4 84 139 84`
		1232	`paleturquoise 175 238 238`
		1233	`paleturquoise1 187 255 255`
		1234	`paleturquoise2 174 238 238`
		1235	`paleturquoise3 150 205 205`
		1236	`paleturquoise4 102 139 139`
		1237	`palevioletred 219 112 147`
		1238	`palevioletred1 255 130 171`
		1239	`palevioletred2 238 121 159`
		1240	`palevioletred3 205 104 137`
		1241	`palevioletred4 139 71 93`
		1242	`papayawhip 255 239 213`
		1243	`peachpuff 255 218 185`
		1244	`peachpuff1 255 218 185`
		1245	`peachpuff2 238 203 173`
		1246	`peachpuff3 205 175 149`
		1247	`peachpuff4 139 119 101`
		1248	`peru 205 133 63`
		1249	`pink 255 192 203`
		1250	`pink1 255 181 197`
		1251	`pink2 238 169 184`
		1252	`pink3 205 145 158`
		1253	`pink4 139 99 108`
		1254	`plum 221 160 221`
		1255	`plum1 255 187 255`
		1256	`plum2 238 174 238`
		1257	`plum3 205 150 205`
		1258	`plum4 139 102 139`
		1259	`powderblue 176 224 230`
		1260	`purple 160 32 240`
		1261	`purple1 155 48 255`
		1262	`purple2 145 44 238`
		1263	`purple3 125 38 205`
		1264	`purple4 85 26 139`
		1265	`red 255 0 0`
		1266	`red1 255 0 0`
		1267	`red2 238 0 0`
		1268	`red3 205 0 0`
		1269	`red4 139 0 0`
		1270	`rosybrown 188 143 143`
		1271	`rosybrown1 255 193 193`
		1272	`rosybrown2 238 180 180`
		1273	`rosybrown3 205 155 155`
		1274	`rosybrown4 139 105 105`
		1275	`royalblue 65 105 225`
		1276	`royalblue1 72 118 255`
		1277	`royalblue2 67 110 238`
		1278	`royalblue3 58 95 205`
		1279	`royalblue4 39 64 139`
		1280	`saddlebrown 139 69 19`
		1281	`salmon 250 128 114`
		1282	`salmon1 255 140 105`
		1283	`salmon2 238 130 98`
		1284	`salmon3 205 112 84`
		1285	`salmon4 139 76 57`
		1286	`sandybrown 244 164 96`
		1287	`seagreen 46 139 87`
		1288	`seagreen1 84 255 159`
		1289	`seagreen2 78 238 148`
		1290	`seagreen3 67 205 128`
		1291	`seagreen4 46 139 87`
		1292	`seashell 255 245 238`
		1293	`seashell1 255 245 238`
		1294	`seashell2 238 229 222`
		1295	`seashell3 205 197 191`
		1296	`seashell4 139 134 130`
		1297	`sienna 160 82 45`
		1298	`sienna1 255 130 71`
		1299	`sienna2 238 121 66`
		1300	`sienna3 205 104 57`
		1301	`sienna4 139 71 38`
		1302	`skyblue 135 206 235`
		1303	`skyblue1 135 206 255`
		1304	`skyblue2 126 192 238`
		1305	`skyblue3 108 166 205`
		1306	`skyblue4 74 112 139`
		1307	`slateblue 106 90 205`
		1308	`slateblue1 131 111 255`
		1309	`slateblue2 122 103 238`
		1310	`slateblue3 105 89 205`
		1311	`slateblue4 71 60 139`
		1312	`slategray 112 128 144`
		1313	`slategray1 198 226 255`
		1314	`slategray2 185 211 238`
		1315	`slategray3 159 182 205`
		1316	`slategray4 108 123 139`
		1317	`slategrey 112 128 144`
		1318	`snow 255 250 250`
		1319	`snow1 255 250 250`
		1320	`snow2 238 233 233`
		1321	`snow3 205 201 201`
		1322	`snow4 139 137 137`
		1323	`springgreen 0 255 127`
		1324	`springgreen1 0 255 127`
		1325	`springgreen2 0 238 118`
		1326	`springgreen3 0 205 102`
		1327	`springgreen4 0 139 69`
		1328	`steelblue 70 130 180`
		1329	`steelblue1 99 184 255`
		1330	`steelblue2 92 172 238`
		1331	`steelblue3 79 148 205`
		1332	`steelblue4 54 100 139`
		1333	`tan 210 180 140`
		1334	`tan1 255 165 79`
		1335	`tan2 238 154 73`
		1336	`tan3 205 133 63`
		1337	`tan4 139 90 43`
		1338	`thistle 216 191 216`
		1339	`thistle1 255 225 255`
		1340	`thistle2 238 210 238`
		1341	`thistle3 205 181 205`
		1342	`thistle4 139 123 139`
		1343	`tomato 255 99 71`
		1344	`tomato1 255 99 71`
		1345	`tomato2 238 92 66`
		1346	`tomato3 205 79 57`
		1347	`tomato4 139 54 38`
		1348	`turquoise 64 224 208`
		1349	`turquoise1 0 245 255`
		1350	`turquoise2 0 229 238`
		1351	`turquoise3 0 197 205`
		1352	`turquoise4 0 134 139`
		1353	`violet 238 130 238`
		1354	`violetred 208 32 144`
		1355	`violetred1 255 62 150`
		1356	`violetred2 238 58 140`
		1357	`violetred3 205 50 120`
		1358	`violetred4 139 34 82`
		1359	`wheat 245 222 179`
		1360	`wheat1 255 231 186`
		1361	`wheat2 238 216 174`
		1362	`wheat3 205 186 150`
		1363	`wheat4 139 126 102`
		1364	`whitesmoke 245 245 245`
		1365	`yellow 255 255 0`
		1366	`yellow1 255 255 0`
		1367	`yellow2 238 238 0`
		1368	`yellow3 205 205 0`
		1369	`yellow4 139 139 0`
		1370	`yellowgreen 154 205 50`
		1371	`>`
61169	ripley	1372	`> ccodes <- c(256^(2:0) %*% crgb) # = internal codes`
56186	murdoch	1373	`> ## How many names are 'aliases' of each other:`
		1374	`> table(tcc <- table(ccodes))`
		1375
		1376	`1 2 3 4`
		1377	`352 146 3 1`
		1378	`> length(uc <- unique(sort(ccodes))) # 502`
		1379	`[1] 502`
		1380	`> ## All the multiply named colors:`
		1381	`> mult <- uc[tcc >= 2]`
		1382	`> cl <- lapply(mult, function(m) cc[ccodes == m])`
		1383	`> names(cl) <- apply(col2rgb(sapply(cl, function(x)x[1])),`
61157	ripley	1384	`+ 2, function(n)paste(n, collapse = ","))`
56186	murdoch	1385	`> utils::str(cl)`
		1386	`List of 150`
		1387	`$ 0,0,0 : chr [1:3] "black" "gray0" "grey0"`
		1388	`$ 0,0,128 : chr [1:2] "navy" "navyblue"`
		1389	`$ 0,0,139 : chr [1:2] "blue4" "darkblue"`
		1390	`$ 0,0,205 : chr [1:2] "blue3" "mediumblue"`
		1391	`$ 0,0,255 : chr [1:2] "blue" "blue1"`
		1392	`$ 0,139,139 : chr [1:2] "cyan4" "darkcyan"`
		1393	`$ 0,191,255 : chr [1:2] "deepskyblue" "deepskyblue1"`
		1394	`$ 0,255,0 : chr [1:2] "green" "green1"`
		1395	`$ 0,255,127 : chr [1:2] "springgreen" "springgreen1"`
		1396	`$ 0,255,255 : chr [1:2] "cyan" "cyan1"`
		1397	`$ 3,3,3 : chr [1:2] "gray1" "grey1"`
		1398	`$ 5,5,5 : chr [1:2] "gray2" "grey2"`
		1399	`$ 8,8,8 : chr [1:2] "gray3" "grey3"`
		1400	`$ 10,10,10 : chr [1:2] "gray4" "grey4"`
		1401	`$ 13,13,13 : chr [1:2] "gray5" "grey5"`
		1402	`$ 15,15,15 : chr [1:2] "gray6" "grey6"`
		1403	`$ 18,18,18 : chr [1:2] "gray7" "grey7"`
		1404	`$ 20,20,20 : chr [1:2] "gray8" "grey8"`
		1405	`$ 23,23,23 : chr [1:2] "gray9" "grey9"`
		1406	`$ 26,26,26 : chr [1:2] "gray10" "grey10"`
		1407	`$ 28,28,28 : chr [1:2] "gray11" "grey11"`
		1408	`$ 30,144,255 : chr [1:2] "dodgerblue" "dodgerblue1"`
		1409	`$ 31,31,31 : chr [1:2] "gray12" "grey12"`
		1410	`$ 33,33,33 : chr [1:2] "gray13" "grey13"`
		1411	`$ 36,36,36 : chr [1:2] "gray14" "grey14"`
		1412	`$ 38,38,38 : chr [1:2] "gray15" "grey15"`
		1413	`$ 41,41,41 : chr [1:2] "gray16" "grey16"`
		1414	`$ 43,43,43 : chr [1:2] "gray17" "grey17"`
		1415	`$ 46,46,46 : chr [1:2] "gray18" "grey18"`
		1416	`$ 46,139,87 : chr [1:2] "seagreen" "seagreen4"`
		1417	`$ 47,79,79 : chr [1:2] "darkslategray" "darkslategrey"`
		1418	`$ 48,48,48 : chr [1:2] "gray19" "grey19"`
		1419	`$ 51,51,51 : chr [1:2] "gray20" "grey20"`
		1420	`$ 54,54,54 : chr [1:2] "gray21" "grey21"`
		1421	`$ 56,56,56 : chr [1:2] "gray22" "grey22"`
		1422	`$ 59,59,59 : chr [1:2] "gray23" "grey23"`
		1423	`$ 61,61,61 : chr [1:2] "gray24" "grey24"`
		1424	`$ 64,64,64 : chr [1:2] "gray25" "grey25"`
		1425	`$ 66,66,66 : chr [1:2] "gray26" "grey26"`
		1426	`$ 69,69,69 : chr [1:2] "gray27" "grey27"`
		1427	`$ 71,71,71 : chr [1:2] "gray28" "grey28"`
		1428	`$ 74,74,74 : chr [1:2] "gray29" "grey29"`
		1429	`$ 77,77,77 : chr [1:2] "gray30" "grey30"`
		1430	`$ 79,79,79 : chr [1:2] "gray31" "grey31"`
		1431	`$ 82,82,82 : chr [1:2] "gray32" "grey32"`
		1432	`$ 84,84,84 : chr [1:2] "gray33" "grey33"`
		1433	`$ 87,87,87 : chr [1:2] "gray34" "grey34"`
		1434	`$ 89,89,89 : chr [1:2] "gray35" "grey35"`
		1435	`$ 92,92,92 : chr [1:2] "gray36" "grey36"`
		1436	`$ 94,94,94 : chr [1:2] "gray37" "grey37"`
		1437	`$ 97,97,97 : chr [1:2] "gray38" "grey38"`
		1438	`$ 99,99,99 : chr [1:2] "gray39" "grey39"`
		1439	`$ 102,102,102: chr [1:2] "gray40" "grey40"`
		1440	`$ 102,205,170: chr [1:2] "aquamarine3" "mediumaquamarine"`
		1441	`$ 105,105,105: chr [1:4] "dimgray" "dimgrey" "gray41" "grey41"`
		1442	`$ 107,107,107: chr [1:2] "gray42" "grey42"`
		1443	`$ 110,110,110: chr [1:2] "gray43" "grey43"`
		1444	`$ 112,112,112: chr [1:2] "gray44" "grey44"`
		1445	`$ 112,128,144: chr [1:2] "slategray" "slategrey"`
		1446	`$ 115,115,115: chr [1:2] "gray45" "grey45"`
		1447	`$ 117,117,117: chr [1:2] "gray46" "grey46"`
		1448	`$ 119,136,153: chr [1:2] "lightslategray" "lightslategrey"`
		1449	`$ 120,120,120: chr [1:2] "gray47" "grey47"`
		1450	`$ 122,122,122: chr [1:2] "gray48" "grey48"`
		1451	`$ 125,125,125: chr [1:2] "gray49" "grey49"`
		1452	`$ 127,127,127: chr [1:2] "gray50" "grey50"`
		1453	`$ 127,255,0 : chr [1:2] "chartreuse" "chartreuse1"`
		1454	`$ 127,255,212: chr [1:2] "aquamarine" "aquamarine1"`
		1455	`$ 130,130,130: chr [1:2] "gray51" "grey51"`
		1456	`$ 133,133,133: chr [1:2] "gray52" "grey52"`
		1457	`$ 135,135,135: chr [1:2] "gray53" "grey53"`
		1458	`$ 138,138,138: chr [1:2] "gray54" "grey54"`
		1459	`$ 139,0,0 : chr [1:2] "darkred" "red4"`
		1460	`$ 139,0,139 : chr [1:2] "darkmagenta" "magenta4"`
		1461	`$ 139,69,19 : chr [1:2] "chocolate4" "saddlebrown"`
		1462	`$ 140,140,140: chr [1:2] "gray55" "grey55"`
		1463	`$ 143,143,143: chr [1:2] "gray56" "grey56"`
		1464	`$ 144,238,144: chr [1:2] "lightgreen" "palegreen2"`
		1465	`$ 145,145,145: chr [1:2] "gray57" "grey57"`
		1466	`$ 148,148,148: chr [1:2] "gray58" "grey58"`
		1467	`$ 150,150,150: chr [1:2] "gray59" "grey59"`
		1468	`$ 153,153,153: chr [1:2] "gray60" "grey60"`
		1469	`$ 154,205,50 : chr [1:2] "olivedrab3" "yellowgreen"`
		1470	`$ 156,156,156: chr [1:2] "gray61" "grey61"`
		1471	`$ 158,158,158: chr [1:2] "gray62" "grey62"`
		1472	`$ 161,161,161: chr [1:2] "gray63" "grey63"`
		1473	`$ 163,163,163: chr [1:2] "gray64" "grey64"`
		1474	`$ 166,166,166: chr [1:2] "gray65" "grey65"`
		1475	`$ 168,168,168: chr [1:2] "gray66" "grey66"`
		1476	`$ 169,169,169: chr [1:2] "darkgray" "darkgrey"`
		1477	`$ 171,171,171: chr [1:2] "gray67" "grey67"`
		1478	`$ 173,173,173: chr [1:2] "gray68" "grey68"`
		1479	`$ 176,176,176: chr [1:2] "gray69" "grey69"`
		1480	`$ 179,179,179: chr [1:2] "gray70" "grey70"`
		1481	`$ 181,181,181: chr [1:2] "gray71" "grey71"`
		1482	`$ 184,184,184: chr [1:2] "gray72" "grey72"`
		1483	`$ 186,186,186: chr [1:2] "gray73" "grey73"`
		1484	`$ 189,189,189: chr [1:2] "gray74" "grey74"`
		1485	`$ 190,190,190: chr [1:2] "gray" "grey"`
		1486	`[list output truncated]`
		1487	`> ## Not run:`
		1488	`> ##D if(require(xgobi)) { ## Look at the color cube dynamically :`
		1489	`> ##D tc <- t(crgb[, !duplicated(ccodes)])`
61169	ripley	1490	`> ##D table(is.gray <- tc[,1] == tc[,2] & tc[,2] == tc[,3]) # (397, 105)`
56186	murdoch	1491	`> ##D xgobi(tc, color = c("gold", "gray")[1 + is.gray])`
		1492	`> ##D }`
		1493	`> ## End(Not run)`
		1494	`>`
		1495	`>`
		1496	`>`
		1497	`> cleanEx()`
		1498	`> nameEx("colorRamp")`
		1499	`> ### * colorRamp`
		1500	`>`
		1501	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		1502	`>`
		1503	`> ### Name: colorRamp`
		1504	`> ### Title: Color interpolation`
		1505	`> ### Aliases: colorRamp colorRampPalette`
		1506	`> ### Keywords: color`
		1507	`>`
		1508	`> ### ** Examples`
		1509	`>`
58989	maechler	1510	`> ## Both return a function :`
61169	ripley	1511	`> colorRamp(c("red", "green"))( (0:4)/4 ) ## (x) , x in [0,1]`
58989	maechler	1512	`[,1] [,2] [,3]`
		1513	`[1,] 255.00 0.00 0`
		1514	`[2,] 191.25 63.75 0`
		1515	`[3,] 127.50 127.50 0`
		1516	`[4,] 63.75 191.25 0`
		1517	`[5,] 0.00 255.00 0`
61169	ripley	1518	`> colorRampPalette(c("blue", "red"))( 4 ) ## (n)`
58989	maechler	1519	`[1] "#0000FF" "#5500AA" "#AA0055" "#FF0000"`
63408	ripley	1520	`> ## a ramp in opacity of blue values`
64967	ripley	1521	`> colorRampPalette(c(rgb(0,0,1,1), rgb(0,0,1,0)), alpha = TRUE)(8)`
		1522	`[1] "#0000FFFF" "#0000FFDA" "#0000FFB6" "#0000FF91" "#0000FF6D" "#0000FF48"`
		1523	`[7] "#0000FF24" "#0000FF00"`
63408	ripley	1524	`>`
56186	murdoch	1525	`> require(graphics)`
		1526	`>`
		1527	`> ## Here space="rgb" gives palettes that vary only in saturation,`
		1528	`> ## as intended.`
		1529	`> ## With space="Lab" the steps are more uniform, but the hues`
		1530	`> ## are slightly purple.`
		1531	`> filled.contour(volcano,`
		1532	`+ color.palette =`
		1533	`+ colorRampPalette(c("red", "white", "blue")),`
		1534	`+ asp = 1)`
		1535	`> filled.contour(volcano,`
		1536	`+ color.palette =`
		1537	`+ colorRampPalette(c("red", "white", "blue"),`
		1538	`+ space = "Lab"),`
		1539	`+ asp = 1)`
		1540	`>`
		1541	`> ## Interpolating a 'sequential' ColorBrewer palette`
		1542	`> YlOrBr <- c("#FFFFD4", "#FED98E", "#FE9929", "#D95F0E", "#993404")`
		1543	`> filled.contour(volcano,`
		1544	`+ color.palette = colorRampPalette(YlOrBr, space = "Lab"),`
		1545	`+ asp = 1)`
		1546	`> filled.contour(volcano,`
		1547	`+ color.palette = colorRampPalette(YlOrBr, space = "Lab",`
		1548	`+ bias = 0.5),`
		1549	`+ asp = 1)`
		1550	`>`
		1551	`> ## 'jet.colors' is "as in Matlab"`
		1552	`> ## (and hurting the eyes by over-saturation)`
		1553	`> jet.colors <-`
		1554	`+ colorRampPalette(c("#00007F", "blue", "#007FFF", "cyan",`
		1555	`+ "#7FFF7F", "yellow", "#FF7F00", "red", "#7F0000"))`
		1556	`> filled.contour(volcano, color = jet.colors, asp = 1)`
		1557	`>`
		1558	`> ## space="Lab" helps when colors don't form a natural sequence`
		1559	`> m <- outer(1:20,1:20,function(x,y) sin(sqrt(x*y)/3))`
		1560	`> rgb.palette <- colorRampPalette(c("red", "orange", "blue"),`
		1561	`+ space = "rgb")`
		1562	`> Lab.palette <- colorRampPalette(c("red", "orange", "blue"),`
		1563	`+ space = "Lab")`
		1564	`> filled.contour(m, col = rgb.palette(20))`
		1565	`> filled.contour(m, col = Lab.palette(20))`
		1566	`>`
		1567	`>`
		1568	`>`
		1569	`> cleanEx()`
		1570	`> nameEx("colors")`
		1571	`> ### * colors`
		1572	`>`
		1573	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		1574	`>`
		1575	`> ### Name: colors`
		1576	`> ### Title: Color Names`
		1577	`> ### Aliases: colors colours`
		1578	`> ### Keywords: color dplot sysdata`
		1579	`>`
		1580	`> ### ** Examples`
		1581	`>`
		1582	`> cl <- colors()`
		1583	`> length(cl); cl[1:20]`
		1584	`[1] 657`
		1585	`[1] "white" "aliceblue" "antiquewhite" "antiquewhite1"`
		1586	`[5] "antiquewhite2" "antiquewhite3" "antiquewhite4" "aquamarine"`
		1587	`[9] "aquamarine1" "aquamarine2" "aquamarine3" "aquamarine4"`
		1588	`[13] "azure" "azure1" "azure2" "azure3"`
		1589	`[17] "azure4" "beige" "bisque" "bisque1"`
		1590	`>`
61127	maechler	1591	`> length(cl. <- colors(TRUE))`
		1592	`[1] 502`
		1593	`> ## only 502 of the 657 named ones`
		1594	`>`
		1595	`> ## ----------- Show all named colors and more:`
		1596	`> demo("colors")`
		1597
		1598
		1599	`demo(colors)`
		1600	`---- ~~~~~~`
		1601
57782	maechler	1602	`> ### ----------- Show (almost) all named colors ---------------------`
56186	murdoch	1603	`>`
57782	maechler	1604	`> ## 1) with traditional 'graphics' package:`
		1605	`> showCols1 <- function(bg = "gray", cex = 0.75, srt = 30) {`
		1606	`+ m <- ceiling(sqrt(n <- length(cl <- colors())))`
		1607	`+ length(cl) <- m*m; cm <- matrix(cl, m)`
		1608	`+ ##`
		1609	`+ require("graphics")`
		1610	`+ op <- par(mar=rep(0,4), ann=FALSE, bg = bg); on.exit(par(op))`
		1611	`+ plot(1:m,1:m, type="n", axes=FALSE)`
		1612	`+ text(col(cm), rev(row(cm)), cm, col = cl, cex=cex, srt=srt)`
		1613	`+ }`
61127	maechler	1614
57782	maechler	1615	`> showCols1()`
61127	maechler	1616
57782	maechler	1617	`> ## 2) with 'grid' package:`
		1618	`> showCols2 <- function(bg = "grey", cex = 0.75, rot = 30) {`
		1619	`+ m <- ceiling(sqrt(n <- length(cl <- colors())))`
		1620	`+ length(cl) <- m*m; cm <- matrix(cl, m)`
		1621	`+ ##`
		1622	`+ require("grid")`
		1623	`+ grid.newpage(); vp <- viewport(w = .92, h = .92)`
		1624	`+ grid.rect(gp=gpar(fill=bg))`
		1625	`+ grid.text(cm, x = col(cm)/m, y = rev(row(cm))/m, rot = rot,`
		1626	`+ vp=vp, gp=gpar(cex = cex, col = cm))`
		1627	`+ }`
61127	maechler	1628
57782	maechler	1629	`> showCols2()`
		1630	`Loading required package: grid`
61127	maechler	1631
57782	maechler	1632	`> showCols2(bg = "gray33")`
61127	maechler	1633
		1634	`> ###`
57782	maechler	1635	`>`
61127	maechler	1636	`> ##' @title Comparing Colors`
		1637	`> ##' @param col`
		1638	`> ##' @param nrow`
		1639	`> ##' @param ncol`
		1640	`> ##' @param txt.col`
		1641	`> ##' @return the grid layout, invisibly`
		1642	`> ##' @author Marius Hofert, originally`
		1643	`> plotCol <- function(col, nrow=1, ncol=ceiling(length(col) / nrow),`
		1644	`+ txt.col="black") {`
		1645	`+ stopifnot(nrow >= 1, ncol >= 1)`
		1646	`+ if(length(col) > nrow*ncol)`
		1647	`+ warning("some colors will not be shown")`
		1648	`+ require(grid)`
		1649	`+ grid.newpage()`
		1650	`+ gl <- grid.layout(nrow, ncol)`
		1651	`+ pushViewport(viewport(layout=gl))`
		1652	`+ ic <- 1`
		1653	`+ for(i in 1:nrow) {`
		1654	`+ for(j in 1:ncol) {`
		1655	`+ pushViewport(viewport(layout.pos.row=i, layout.pos.col=j))`
		1656	`+ grid.rect(gp= gpar(fill=col[ic]))`
		1657	`+ grid.text(col[ic], gp=gpar(col=txt.col))`
		1658	`+ upViewport()`
		1659	`+ ic <- ic+1`
		1660	`+ }`
		1661	`+ }`
		1662	`+ upViewport()`
		1663	`+ invisible(gl)`
		1664	`+ }`
		1665
		1666	`> ## A Chocolate Bar of colors:`
		1667	`> plotCol(c("#CC8C3C", paste0("chocolate", 2:4),`
		1668	`+ paste0("darkorange", c("",1:2)), paste0("darkgoldenrod", 1:2),`
		1669	`+ "orange", "orange1", "sandybrown", "tan1", "tan2"),`
		1670	`+ nrow=2)`
		1671
		1672	`> ##' Find close R colors() to a given color {original by Marius Hofert)`
		1673	`> ##' using Euclidean norm in (HSV / RGB / ...) color space`
		1674	`> nearRcolor <- function(rgb, cSpace = c("hsv", "rgb255", "Luv", "Lab"),`
		1675	`+ dist = switch(cSpace, "hsv" = 0.10, "rgb255" = 30,`
		1676	`+ "Luv" = 15, "Lab" = 12))`
		1677	`+ {`
		1678	`+ if(is.character(rgb)) rgb <- col2rgb(rgb)`
		1679	`+ stopifnot(length(rgb <- as.vector(rgb)) == 3)`
		1680	`+ Rcol <- col2rgb(.cc <- colors())`
		1681	`+ uniqC <- !duplicated(t(Rcol)) # gray9 == grey9 (etc)`
		1682	`+ Rcol <- Rcol[, uniqC] ; .cc <- .cc[uniqC]`
		1683	`+ cSpace <- match.arg(cSpace)`
		1684	`+ convRGB2 <- function(Rgb, to)`
		1685	`+ t(convertColor(t(Rgb), from="sRGB", to=to, scale.in=255))`
		1686	`+ ## the transformation, rgb{0..255} --> cSpace :`
		1687	`+ TransF <- switch(cSpace,`
		1688	`+ "rgb255" = identity,`
		1689	`+ "hsv" = rgb2hsv,`
		1690	`+ "Luv" = function(RGB) convRGB2(RGB, "Luv"),`
		1691	`+ "Lab" = function(RGB) convRGB2(RGB, "Lab"))`
		1692	`+ d <- sqrt(colSums((TransF(Rcol) - as.vector(TransF(rgb)))^2))`
		1693	`+ iS <- sort.list(d[near <- d <= dist])# sorted: closest first`
76415	ripley	1694	`+ setNames(.cc[near][iS], format(zapsmall(d[near][iS]), digits=3))`
61127	maechler	1695	`+ }`
		1696
		1697	`> nearRcolor(col2rgb("tan2"), "rgb")`
		1698	`0.0 21.1 25.8 29.5`
		1699	`"tan2" "tan1" "sandybrown" "sienna1"`
		1700
		1701	`> nearRcolor(col2rgb("tan2"), "hsv")`
		1702	`0.0000 0.0410 0.0618 0.0638 0.0667 0.0766`
		1703	`"tan2" "sienna2" "coral2" "tomato2" "tan1" "coral"`
		1704	`0.0778 0.0900 0.0912 0.0918`
		1705	`"sienna1" "sandybrown" "coral1" "tomato"`
		1706
		1707	`> nearRcolor(col2rgb("tan2"), "Luv")`
		1708	`0.00 7.42 7.48 12.41 13.69`
		1709	`"tan2" "tan1" "sandybrown" "orange3" "orange2"`
		1710
		1711	`> nearRcolor(col2rgb("tan2"), "Lab")`
		1712	`0.00 5.56 8.08 11.31`
		1713	`"tan2" "tan1" "sandybrown" "peru"`
		1714
		1715	`> nearRcolor("#334455")`
		1716	`0.0867`
		1717	`"darkslategray"`
		1718
		1719	`> ## Now, consider choosing a color by looking in the`
		1720	`> ## neighborhood of one you know :`
57782	maechler	1721	`>`
61127	maechler	1722	`> plotCol(nearRcolor("deepskyblue", "rgb", dist=50))`
		1723
		1724	`> plotCol(nearRcolor("deepskyblue", dist=.1))`
		1725
		1726	`> plotCol(nearRcolor("tomato", "rgb", dist= 50), nrow=3)`
		1727
		1728	`> plotCol(nearRcolor("tomato", "hsv", dist=.12), nrow=3)`
		1729
		1730	`> plotCol(nearRcolor("tomato", "Luv", dist= 25), nrow=3)`
		1731
		1732	`> plotCol(nearRcolor("tomato", "Lab", dist= 18), nrow=3)`
		1733	`> ## -----------`
57782	maechler	1734	`>`
61127	maechler	1735	`>`
		1736	`>`
56186	murdoch	1737	`> cleanEx()`
57782	maechler	1738
		1739	`detaching ‘package:grid’`
		1740
56186	murdoch	1741	`> nameEx("contourLines")`
		1742	`> ### * contourLines`
		1743	`>`
		1744	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		1745	`>`
		1746	`> ### Name: contourLines`
		1747	`> ### Title: Calculate Contour Lines`
		1748	`> ### Aliases: contourLines`
		1749	`> ### Keywords: dplot`
		1750	`>`
		1751	`> ### ** Examples`
		1752	`>`
		1753	`> x <- 10*1:nrow(volcano)`
		1754	`> y <- 10*1:ncol(volcano)`
77350	maechler	1755	`> cl <- contourLines(x, y, volcano)`
		1756	`> ## summarize the sizes of each the contour lines :`
		1757	> cbind(lev = vapply(cl, `[[`, .5, "level"),
		1758	`+ n = vapply(cl, function(l) length(l$x), 1))`
		1759	`lev n`
		1760	`[1,] 100 47`
		1761	`[2,] 100 16`
		1762	`[3,] 100 11`
		1763	`[4,] 110 45`
		1764	`[5,] 110 48`
		1765	`[6,] 110 126`
		1766	`[7,] 110 14`
		1767	`[8,] 120 270`
		1768	`[9,] 130 259`
		1769	`[10,] 140 245`
		1770	`[11,] 150 207`
		1771	`[12,] 150 13`
		1772	`[13,] 160 165`
		1773	`[14,] 160 31`
		1774	`[15,] 170 169`
		1775	`[16,] 170 5`
		1776	`[17,] 170 21`
		1777	`[18,] 180 105`
		1778	`[19,] 180 15`
		1779	`[20,] 190 49`
56186	murdoch	1780	`>`
77350	maechler	1781	`> z <- outer(-9:25, -9:25)`
		1782	`> pretty(range(z), 10) # -300 -200 ... 600 700`
		1783	`[1] -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700`
		1784	`> utils::str(c2 <- contourLines(z))`
		1785	`List of 12`
		1786	`$ :List of 3`
		1787	`..$ level: num -200`
		1788	`..$ x : num [1:4] 0 0.00895 0.01961 0.02844`
		1789	`..$ y : num [1:4] 0.918 0.941 0.971 1`
		1790	`$ :List of 3`
		1791	`..$ level: num -200`
		1792	`..$ x : num [1:4] 0.918 0.941 0.971 1`
		1793	`..$ y : num [1:4] 0 0.00895 0.01961 0.02844`
		1794	`$ :List of 3`
		1795	`..$ level: num -100`
		1796	`..$ x : num [1:19] 0 0.0196 0.0294 0.0385 0.0546 ...`
		1797	`..$ y : num [1:19] 0.592 0.618 0.632 0.647 0.676 ...`
		1798	`$ :List of 3`
		1799	`..$ level: num -100`
		1800	`..$ x : num [1:19] 0.592 0.618 0.632 0.647 0.676 ...`
		1801	`..$ y : num [1:19] 0 0.0196 0.0294 0.0385 0.0546 ...`
		1802	`$ :List of 3`
		1803	`..$ level: num 0`
		1804	`..$ x : num [1:34] 0 0.0294 0.0588 0.0882 0.1176 ...`
		1805	`..$ y : num [1:34] 0.267 0.268 0.268 0.268 0.269 ...`
		1806	`$ :List of 3`
		1807	`..$ level: num 0`
		1808	`..$ x : num [1:34] 0.267 0.268 0.268 0.268 0.269 ...`
		1809	`..$ y : num [1:34] 0 0.0294 0.0588 0.0882 0.1176 ...`
		1810	`$ :List of 3`
		1811	`..$ level: num 100`
		1812	`..$ x : num [1:44] 1 0.995 0.971 0.941 0.912 ...`
		1813	`..$ y : num [1:44] 0.381 0.382 0.387 0.393 0.398 ...`
		1814	`$ :List of 3`
		1815	`..$ level: num 200`
		1816	`..$ x : num [1:36] 1 0.997 0.971 0.941 0.918 ...`
		1817	`..$ y : num [1:36] 0.499 0.5 0.51 0.52 0.529 ...`
		1818	`$ :List of 3`
		1819	`..$ level: num 300`
		1820	`..$ x : num [1:28] 1 0.998 0.971 0.943 0.941 ...`
		1821	`..$ y : num [1:28] 0.617 0.618 0.632 0.647 0.648 ...`
		1822	`$ :List of 3`
		1823	`..$ level: num 400`
		1824	`..$ x : num [1:20] 1 0.999 0.971 0.957 0.941 ...`
		1825	`..$ y : num [1:20] 0.734 0.735 0.755 0.765 0.776 ...`
		1826	`$ :List of 3`
		1827	`..$ level: num 500`
		1828	`..$ x : num [1:12] 1 0.999 0.971 0.965 0.941 ...`
		1829	`..$ y : num [1:12] 0.852 0.853 0.877 0.882 0.904 ...`
		1830	`$ :List of 3`
		1831	`..$ level: num 600`
		1832	`..$ x : num [1:4] 1 0.999 0.971 0.97`
		1833	`..$ y : num [1:4] 0.97 0.971 0.999 1`
		1834	`> # no segments for {-300, 700};`
		1835	`> # 2 segments for {-200, -100, 0}`
		1836	`> # 1 segment for 100:600`
56186	murdoch	1837	`>`
		1838	`>`
77350	maechler	1839	`>`
56186	murdoch	1840	`> cleanEx()`
		1841	`> nameEx("convertColor")`
		1842	`> ### * convertColor`
		1843	`>`
		1844	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		1845	`>`
		1846	`> ### Name: convertColor`
		1847	`> ### Title: Convert between Colour Spaces`
		1848	`> ### Aliases: convertColor colorspaces`
		1849	`> ### Keywords: color`
		1850	`>`
		1851	`> ### ** Examples`
		1852	`>`
61127	maechler	1853	`> ## The displayable colors from four planes of Lab space`
76000	murrell	1854	`> ab <- expand.grid(a = (-10:15)*10,`
		1855	`+ b = (-15:10)*10)`
56186	murdoch	1856	`> require(graphics); require(stats) # for na.omit`
61157	ripley	1857	`> par(mfrow = c(2, 2), mar = .1+c(3, 3, 3, .5), mgp = c(2, .8, 0))`
56186	murdoch	1858	`>`
61157	ripley	1859	`> Lab <- cbind(L = 20, ab)`
		1860	`> srgb <- convertColor(Lab, from = "Lab", to = "sRGB", clip = NA)`
		1861	`> clipped <- attr(na.omit(srgb), "na.action")`
		1862	`> srgb[clipped, ] <- 0`
		1863	`> cols <- rgb(srgb[, 1], srgb[, 2], srgb[, 3])`
		1864	`> image((-10:15)10, (-15:10)10, matrix(1:(26*26), ncol = 26), col = cols,`
		1865	`+ xlab = "a", ylab = "b", main = "Lab: L=20")`
56186	murdoch	1866	`>`
61157	ripley	1867	`> Lab <- cbind(L = 40, ab)`
		1868	`> srgb <- convertColor(Lab, from = "Lab", to = "sRGB", clip = NA)`
		1869	`> clipped <- attr(na.omit(srgb), "na.action")`
		1870	`> srgb[clipped, ] <- 0`
		1871	`> cols <- rgb(srgb[, 1], srgb[, 2], srgb[, 3])`
		1872	`> image((-10:15)10, (-15:10)10, matrix(1:(26*26), ncol = 26), col = cols,`
		1873	`+ xlab = "a", ylab = "b", main = "Lab: L=40")`
56186	murdoch	1874	`>`
61157	ripley	1875	`> Lab <- cbind(L = 60, ab)`
		1876	`> srgb <- convertColor(Lab, from = "Lab", to = "sRGB", clip = NA)`
		1877	`> clipped <- attr(na.omit(srgb), "na.action")`
		1878	`> srgb[clipped, ] <- 0`
		1879	`> cols <- rgb(srgb[, 1], srgb[, 2], srgb[, 3])`
		1880	`> image((-10:15)10, (-15:10)10, matrix(1:(26*26), ncol = 26), col = cols,`
		1881	`+ xlab = "a", ylab = "b", main = "Lab: L=60")`
56186	murdoch	1882	`>`
61157	ripley	1883	`> Lab <- cbind(L = 80, ab)`
		1884	`> srgb <- convertColor(Lab, from = "Lab", to = "sRGB", clip = NA)`
		1885	`> clipped <- attr(na.omit(srgb), "na.action")`
		1886	`> srgb[clipped, ] <- 0`
		1887	`> cols <- rgb(srgb[, 1], srgb[, 2], srgb[, 3])`
		1888	`> image((-10:15)10, (-15:10)10, matrix(1:(26*26), ncol = 26), col = cols,`
		1889	`+ xlab = "a", ylab = "b", main = "Lab: L=80")`
56186	murdoch	1890	`>`
61127	maechler	1891	`> cols <- t(col2rgb(palette())); rownames(cols) <- palette(); cols`
		1892	`red green blue`
		1893	`black 0 0 0`
77336	murrell	1894	`#DF536B 223 83 107`
		1895	`#61D04F 97 208 79`
77438	murrell	1896	`#2297E6 34 151 230`
		1897	`#28E2E5 40 226 229`
77336	murrell	1898	`#D03AF5 208 58 245`
		1899	`#EEC21F 238 194 31`
		1900	`#656565 101 101 101`
61157	ripley	1901	`> zapsmall(lab <- convertColor(cols, from = "sRGB", to = "Lab", scale.in = 255))`
77336	murrell	1902	`L a b`
		1903	`black 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000`
		1904	`#DF536B 55.16051 56.30900 16.18063`
		1905	`#61D04F 74.89688 -55.97739 53.00681`
77438	murrell	1906	`#2297E6 59.98342 -3.54255 -48.62932`
		1907	`#28E2E5 82.01645 -41.73498 -14.10432`
77336	murrell	1908	`#D03AF5 55.21747 80.08516 -63.84886`
		1909	`#EEC21F 80.15007 2.12223 77.35114`
		1910	`#656565 42.78380 0.00000 0.00000`
61127	maechler	1911	`> stopifnot(all.equal(cols, # converting back.. getting the original:`
61157	ripley	1912	`+ round(convertColor(lab, from = "Lab", to = "sRGB", scale.out = 255)),`
		1913	`+ check.attributes = FALSE))`
56186	murdoch	1914	`>`
		1915	`>`
		1916	`>`
		1917	`> graphics::par(get("par.postscript", pos = 'CheckExEnv'))`
		1918	`> cleanEx()`
		1919	`> nameEx("densCols")`
		1920	`> ### * densCols`
		1921	`>`
		1922	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		1923	`>`
		1924	`> ### Name: densCols`
		1925	`> ### Title: Colors for Smooth Density Plots`
		1926	`> ### Aliases: densCols blues9`
		1927	`> ### Keywords: dplot`
		1928	`>`
		1929	`> ### ** Examples`
		1930	`>`
		1931	`>`
		1932	`> cleanEx()`
		1933	`> nameEx("dev")`
		1934	`> ### * dev`
		1935	`>`
		1936	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		1937	`>`
		1938	`> ### Name: dev`
		1939	`> ### Title: Control Multiple Devices`
		1940	`> ### Aliases: dev.cur dev.list dev.next dev.prev dev.off dev.set dev.new`
		1941	`> ### graphics.off`
		1942	`> ### Keywords: device iplot`
		1943	`>`
		1944	`> ### ** Examples`
		1945	`>`
		1946	`> ## Not run:`
		1947	`> ##D ## Unix-specific example`
		1948	`> ##D x11()`
		1949	`> ##D plot(1:10)`
		1950	`> ##D x11()`
		1951	`> ##D plot(rnorm(10))`
		1952	`> ##D dev.set(dev.prev())`
61169	ripley	1953	`> ##D abline(0, 1) # through the 1:10 points`
56186	murdoch	1954	`> ##D dev.set(dev.next())`
61169	ripley	1955	`> ##D abline(h = 0, col = "gray") # for the residual plot`
56186	murdoch	1956	`> ##D dev.set(dev.prev())`
61169	ripley	1957	`> ##D dev.off(); dev.off() #- close the two X devices`
56186	murdoch	1958	`> ## End(Not run)`
		1959	`>`
		1960	`>`
		1961	`>`
		1962	`> cleanEx()`
56868	ripley	1963	`> nameEx("dev.capabilities")`
		1964	`> ### * dev.capabilities`
		1965	`>`
		1966	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		1967	`>`
		1968	`> ### Name: dev.capabilities`
		1969	`> ### Title: Query Capabilities of the Current Graphics Device`
		1970	`> ### Aliases: dev.capabilities`
		1971	`> ### Keywords: dplot`
		1972	`>`
		1973	`> ### ** Examples`
		1974	`>`
		1975	`> dev.capabilities()`
		1976	`$semiTransparency`
56942	ripley	1977	`[1] TRUE`
56868	ripley	1978
		1979	`$transparentBackground`
56942	ripley	1980	`[1] "semi"`
56868	ripley	1981
		1982	`$rasterImage`
56942	ripley	1983	`[1] "yes"`
56868	ripley	1984
		1985	`$capture`
		1986	`[1] FALSE`
		1987
		1988	`$locator`
		1989	`[1] FALSE`
		1990
56904	murdoch	1991	`$events`
		1992	`character(0)`
		1993
56868	ripley	1994	`>`
		1995	`>`
		1996	`>`
		1997	`> cleanEx()`
56186	murdoch	1998	`> nameEx("dev.interactive")`
		1999	`> ### * dev.interactive`
		2000	`>`
		2001	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		2002	`>`
		2003	`> ### Name: dev.interactive`
		2004	`> ### Title: Is the Current Graphics Device Interactive?`
		2005	`> ### Aliases: dev.interactive deviceIsInteractive`
		2006	`> ### Keywords: device`
		2007	`>`
		2008	`> ### ** Examples`
		2009	`>`
		2010	`> dev.interactive()`
		2011	`[1] FALSE`
		2012	`> print(deviceIsInteractive(NULL))`
		2013	`[1] "X11" "X11cairo" "quartz" "windows" "JavaGD" "CairoWin" "CairoX11"`
		2014	`>`
		2015	`>`
		2016	`>`
		2017	`> cleanEx()`
		2018	`> nameEx("dev.size")`
		2019	`> ### * dev.size`
		2020	`>`
		2021	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		2022	`>`
		2023	`> ### Name: dev.size`
		2024	`> ### Title: Find Size of Device Surface`
		2025	`> ### Aliases: dev.size`
		2026	`> ### Keywords: dplot`
		2027	`>`
		2028	`> ### ** Examples`
		2029	`>`
		2030	`> dev.size("cm")`
		2031	`[1] 17.78 17.78`
		2032	`>`
		2033	`>`
		2034	`>`
		2035	`> cleanEx()`
		2036	`> nameEx("dev2")`
		2037	`> ### * dev2`
		2038	`>`
		2039	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		2040	`>`
		2041	`> ### Name: dev2`
		2042	`> ### Title: Copy Graphics Between Multiple Devices`
		2043	`> ### Aliases: dev.copy dev.print dev.copy2eps dev.copy2pdf dev.control`
		2044	`> ### Keywords: device`
		2045	`>`
		2046	`> ### ** Examples`
		2047	`>`
		2048	`> ## Not run:`
58212	ripley	2049	`> ##D x11() # on a Unix-alike`
61157	ripley	2050	`> ##D plot(rnorm(10), main = "Plot 1")`
		2051	`> ##D dev.copy(device = x11)`
56186	murdoch	2052	`> ##D mtext("Copy 1", 3)`
61157	ripley	2053	`> ##D dev.print(width = 6, height = 6, horizontal = FALSE) # prints it`
56186	murdoch	2054	`> ##D dev.off(dev.prev())`
		2055	`> ##D dev.off()`
		2056	`> ## End(Not run)`
		2057	`>`
		2058	`>`
		2059	`>`
		2060	`> cleanEx()`
		2061	`> nameEx("extendrange")`
		2062	`> ### * extendrange`
		2063	`>`
		2064	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		2065	`>`
		2066	`> ### Name: extendrange`
		2067	`> ### Title: Extend a Numerical Range by a Small Percentage`
		2068	`> ### Aliases: extendrange`
		2069	`> ### Keywords: dplot`
		2070	`>`
		2071	`> ### ** Examples`
		2072	`>`
		2073	`> x <- 1:5`
		2074	`> (r <- range(x)) # 1 5`
		2075	`[1] 1 5`
		2076	`> extendrange(x) # 0.8 5.2`
		2077	`[1] 0.8 5.2`
		2078	`> extendrange(x, f= 0.01) # 0.96 5.04`
		2079	`[1] 0.96 5.04`
74653	maechler	2080	`>`
		2081	`> ## extend more to the right:`
		2082	`> extendrange(x, f=c(.01,.03)) # 0.96 5.12`
		2083	`[1] 0.96 5.12`
		2084	`>`
56186	murdoch	2085	`> ## Use 'r' if you have it already:`
61157	ripley	2086	`> stopifnot(identical(extendrange(r = r),`
56186	murdoch	2087	`+ extendrange(x)))`
		2088	`>`
		2089	`>`
		2090	`>`
		2091	`> cleanEx()`
		2092	`> nameEx("getGraphicsEvent")`
		2093	`> ### * getGraphicsEvent`
		2094	`>`
		2095	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		2096	`>`
		2097	`> ### Name: getGraphicsEvent`
		2098	`> ### Title: Wait for a mouse or keyboard event from a graphics window`
		2099	`> ### Aliases: getGraphicsEvent setGraphicsEventHandlers getGraphicsEventEnv`
		2100	`> ### setGraphicsEventEnv`
		2101	`> ### Keywords: iplot`
		2102	`>`
		2103	`> ### ** Examples`
		2104	`>`
72261	murrell	2105	`> # This currently only works on the Windows, X11(type = "Xlib"), and`
		2106	`> # X11(type = "cairo") screen devices...`
65700	ripley	2107	`> ## Not run:`
		2108	`> ##D savepar <- par(ask = FALSE)`
		2109	`> ##D dragplot <- function(..., xlim = NULL, ylim = NULL, xaxs = "r", yaxs = "r") {`
		2110	`> ##D plot(..., xlim = xlim, ylim = ylim, xaxs = xaxs, yaxs = yaxs)`
		2111	`> ##D startx <- NULL`
		2112	`> ##D starty <- NULL`
		2113	`> ##D prevx <- NULL`
		2114	`> ##D prevy <- NULL`
		2115	`> ##D usr <- NULL`
		2116	`> ##D`
		2117	`> ##D devset <- function()`
		2118	`> ##D if (dev.cur() != eventEnv$which) dev.set(eventEnv$which)`
		2119	`> ##D`
		2120	`> ##D dragmousedown <- function(buttons, x, y) {`
		2121	`> ##D startx <<- x`
		2122	`> ##D starty <<- y`
		2123	`> ##D prevx <<- 0`
		2124	`> ##D prevy <<- 0`
		2125	`> ##D devset()`
		2126	`> ##D usr <<- par("usr")`
		2127	`> ##D eventEnv$onMouseMove <- dragmousemove`
		2128	`> ##D NULL`
		2129	`> ##D }`
		2130	`> ##D`
		2131	`> ##D dragmousemove <- function(buttons, x, y) {`
		2132	`> ##D devset()`
		2133	`> ##D deltax <- diff(grconvertX(c(startx, x), "ndc", "user"))`
		2134	`> ##D deltay <- diff(grconvertY(c(starty, y), "ndc", "user"))`
		2135	`> ##D if (abs(deltax-prevx) + abs(deltay-prevy) > 0) {`
		2136	`> ##D plot(..., xlim = usr[1:2]-deltax, xaxs = "i",`
		2137	`> ##D ylim = usr[3:4]-deltay, yaxs = "i")`
		2138	`> ##D prevx <<- deltax`
		2139	`> ##D prevy <<- deltay`
		2140	`> ##D }`
		2141	`> ##D NULL`
		2142	`> ##D }`
		2143	`> ##D`
		2144	`> ##D mouseup <- function(buttons, x, y) {`
		2145	`> ##D eventEnv$onMouseMove <- NULL`
		2146	`> ##D }`
		2147	`> ##D`
		2148	`> ##D keydown <- function(key) {`
		2149	`> ##D if (key == "q") return(invisible(1))`
		2150	`> ##D eventEnv$onMouseMove <- NULL`
		2151	`> ##D NULL`
		2152	`> ##D }`
		2153	`> ##D`
		2154	`> ##D setGraphicsEventHandlers(prompt = "Click and drag, hit q to quit",`
		2155	`> ##D onMouseDown = dragmousedown,`
		2156	`> ##D onMouseUp = mouseup,`
		2157	`> ##D onKeybd = keydown)`
		2158	`> ##D eventEnv <- getGraphicsEventEnv()`
		2159	`> ##D }`
		2160	`> ##D`
		2161	`> ##D dragplot(rnorm(1000), rnorm(1000))`
		2162	`> ##D getGraphicsEvent()`
		2163	`> ##D par(savepar)`
		2164	`> ## End(Not run)`
56186	murdoch	2165	`>`
		2166	`>`
		2167	`>`
		2168	`> cleanEx()`
67048	ripley	2169	`> nameEx("grSoftVersion")`
		2170	`> ### * grSoftVersion`
		2171	`>`
		2172	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		2173	`>`
		2174	`> ### Name: grSoftVersion`
		2175	`> ### Title: Report Versions of Graphics Software`
		2176	`> ### Aliases: grSoftVersion`
		2177	`>`
		2178	`> ### ** Examples`
		2179	`>`
		2180	`>`
		2181	`>`
		2182	`>`
		2183	`> cleanEx()`
56186	murdoch	2184	`> nameEx("gray")`
		2185	`> ### * gray`
		2186	`>`
		2187	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		2188	`>`
		2189	`> ### Name: gray`
		2190	`> ### Title: Gray Level Specification`
		2191	`> ### Aliases: gray grey`
		2192	`> ### Keywords: color`
		2193	`>`
		2194	`> ### ** Examples`
		2195	`>`
		2196	`> gray(0:8 / 8)`
		2197	`[1] "#000000" "#202020" "#404040" "#606060" "#808080" "#9F9F9F" "#BFBFBF"`
		2198	`[8] "#DFDFDF" "#FFFFFF"`
		2199	`>`
		2200	`>`
		2201	`>`
		2202	`> cleanEx()`
		2203	`> nameEx("gray.colors")`
		2204	`> ### * gray.colors`
		2205	`>`
		2206	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		2207	`>`
		2208	`> ### Name: gray.colors`
		2209	`> ### Title: Gray Color Palette`
		2210	`> ### Aliases: gray.colors grey.colors`
		2211	`> ### Keywords: color`
		2212	`>`
		2213	`> ### ** Examples`
		2214	`>`
		2215	`> require(graphics)`
		2216	`>`
61169	ripley	2217	`> pie(rep(1, 12), col = gray.colors(12))`
56186	murdoch	2218	`> barplot(1:12, col = gray.colors(12))`
		2219	`>`
		2220	`>`
		2221	`>`
		2222	`> cleanEx()`
		2223	`> nameEx("hcl")`
		2224	`> ### * hcl`
		2225	`>`
		2226	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		2227	`>`
		2228	`> ### Name: hcl`
		2229	`> ### Title: HCL Color Specification`
		2230	`> ### Aliases: hcl`
		2231	`> ### Keywords: color dplot`
		2232	`>`
		2233	`> ### ** Examples`
		2234	`>`
		2235	`> require(graphics)`
		2236	`>`
		2237	`> # The Foley and Van Dam PhD Data.`
		2238	`> csd <- matrix(c( 4,2,4,6, 4,3,1,4, 4,7,7,1,`
		2239	`+ 0,7,3,2, 4,5,3,2, 5,4,2,2,`
		2240	`+ 3,1,3,0, 4,4,6,7, 1,10,8,7,`
		2241	`+ 1,5,3,2, 1,5,2,1, 4,1,4,3,`
61157	ripley	2242	`+ 0,3,0,6, 2,1,5,5), nrow = 4)`
56186	murdoch	2243	`>`
		2244	`> csphd <- function(colors)`
		2245	`+ barplot(csd, col = colors, ylim = c(0,30),`
		2246	`+ names = 72:85, xlab = "Year", ylab = "Students",`
		2247	`+ legend = c("Winter", "Spring", "Summer", "Fall"),`
		2248	`+ main = "Computer Science PhD Graduates", las = 1)`
		2249	`>`
		2250	`> # The Original (Metaphorical) Colors (Ouch!)`
		2251	`> csphd(c("blue", "green", "yellow", "orange"))`
		2252	`>`
		2253	`> # A Color Tetrad (Maximal Color Differences)`
		2254	`> csphd(hcl(h = c(30, 120, 210, 300)))`
		2255	`>`
		2256	`> # Same, but lighter and less colorful`
57440	murdoch	2257	`> # Turn off automatic correction to make sure`
56186	murdoch	2258	`> # that we have defined real colors.`
		2259	`> csphd(hcl(h = c(30, 120, 210, 300),`
		2260	`+ c = 20, l = 90, fixup = FALSE))`
		2261	`>`
		2262	`> # Analogous Colors`
		2263	`> # Good for those with red/green color confusion`
		2264	`> csphd(hcl(h = seq(60, 240, by = 60)))`
		2265	`>`
		2266	`> # Metaphorical Colors`
		2267	`> csphd(hcl(h = seq(210, 60, length = 4)))`
		2268	`>`
		2269	`> # Cool Colors`
		2270	`> csphd(hcl(h = seq(120, 0, length = 4) + 150))`
		2271	`>`
		2272	`> # Warm Colors`
		2273	`> csphd(hcl(h = seq(120, 0, length = 4) - 30))`
		2274	`>`
		2275	`> # Single Color`
		2276	`> hist(stats::rnorm(1000), col = hcl(240))`
		2277	`>`
61127	maechler	2278	`> ## Exploring the hcl() color space {in its mapping to R's sRGB colors}:`
		2279	`> demo(hclColors)`
		2280
		2281
		2282	`demo(hclColors)`
		2283	`---- ~~~~~~~~~`
		2284
		2285	`> ### ------ hcl() explorations`
56186	murdoch	2286	`>`
61127	maechler	2287	`> hcl.wheel <-`
		2288	`+ function(chroma = 35, lums = 0:100, hues = 1:360, asp = 1,`
		2289	`+ p.cex = 0.6, do.label = FALSE, rev.lum = FALSE,`
		2290	`+ fixup = TRUE)`
		2291	`+ {`
		2292	`+ ## Purpose: show chroma "sections" of hcl() color space; see ?hcl`
		2293	`+ ## ----------------------------------------------------------------------`
		2294	`+ ## Arguments: chroma: can be vector -> multiple plots are done,`
		2295	`+ ## lums, hues, fixup : all corresponding to hcl()'s args`
		2296	`+ ## rev.lum: logical indicating if luminance`
		2297	`+ ## should go from outer to inner`
		2298	`+ ## ----------------------------------------------------------------------`
		2299	`+ ## Author: Martin Maechler, Date: 24 Jun 2005`
		2300	`+`
		2301	`+ require("graphics")`
		2302	`+ stopifnot(is.numeric(lums), lums >= 0, lums <= 100,`
		2303	`+ is.numeric(hues), hues >= 0, hues <= 360,`
		2304	`+ is.numeric(chroma), chroma >= 0, (nch <- length(chroma)) >= 1)`
		2305	`+ if(is.unsorted(hues)) hues <- sort(hues)`
		2306	`+ if(nch > 1) {`
64277	ripley	2307	`+ op <- par(mfrow= n2mfrow(nch), mar = c(0,0,0,0), xpd = TRUE)`
61127	maechler	2308	`+ on.exit(par(op))`
		2309	`+ }`
		2310	`+ for(i.c in 1:nch) {`
		2311	`+ plot(-1:1,-1:1, type="n", axes = FALSE, xlab="",ylab="", asp = asp)`
		2312	`+ ## main = sprintf("hcl(h = <angle>, c = %g)", chroma[i.c]),`
		2313	`+ text(0.4, 0.99, paste("chroma =", format(chroma[i.c])),`
		2314	`+ adj = 0, font = 4)`
		2315	`+ l.s <- (if(rev.lum) rev(lums) else lums) / max(lums) # <= 1`
		2316	`+ for(ang in hues) { # could do all this using outer() instead of for()...`
		2317	`+ a. <- ang * pi/180`
		2318	`+ z.a <- exp(1i * a.)`
		2319	`+ cols <- hcl(ang, c = chroma[i.c], l = lums, fixup = fixup)`
		2320	`+ points(l.s * z.a, pch = 16, col = cols, cex = p.cex)`
		2321	`+ ##if(do."text") : draw the 0,45,90,... angle "lines"`
		2322	`+ if(do.label)`
		2323	`+ text(z.a*1.05, labels = ang, col = cols[length(cols)/2],`
		2324	`+ srt = ang)`
		2325	`+ }`
		2326	`+ if(!fixup) ## show the outline`
		2327	`+ lines(exp(1i * hues * pi/180))`
		2328	`+ }`
		2329	`+ invisible()`
		2330	`+ }`
		2331
		2332	`> ## and now a few interesting calls :`
56186	murdoch	2333	`>`
61127	maechler	2334	`> hcl.wheel() # and watch it redraw when you fiddle with the graphic window`
		2335
		2336	`> hcl.wheel(rev.lum= TRUE) # ditto`
		2337
		2338	`> hcl.wheel(do.lab = TRUE) # ditto`
		2339
		2340	`> ## Now watch:`
		2341	`> hcl.wheel(ch = c(25,35,45,55))`
		2342
		2343	`> hcl.wheel(ch = seq(10, 90, by = 10), p.cex = 0.4)`
		2344
		2345	`> hcl.wheel(ch = seq(10, 90, by = 10), p.cex = 0.3, fixup = FALSE)`
		2346
		2347	`> hcl.wheel(ch = seq(10, 90, by = 10), p.cex = 0.3, rev.lum = TRUE)`
		2348
		2349	`> if(dev.interactive()) # new "graphics window" -- to compare with previous :`
		2350	`+ dev.new()`
		2351
		2352	`> hcl.wheel(ch = seq(10, 90, by = 10), p.cex = 0.3, rev.lum = TRUE, fixup=FALSE)`
		2353	`>`
		2354	`>`
		2355	`>`
		2356	`>`
56186	murdoch	2357	`> cleanEx()`
		2358	`> nameEx("hsv")`
		2359	`> ### * hsv`
		2360	`>`
		2361	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		2362	`>`
		2363	`> ### Name: hsv`
		2364	`> ### Title: HSV Color Specification`
		2365	`> ### Aliases: hsv`
		2366	`> ### Keywords: color dplot`
		2367	`>`
		2368	`> ### ** Examples`
		2369	`>`
		2370	`> require(graphics)`
		2371	`>`
		2372	`> hsv(.5,.5,.5)`
		2373	`[1] "#408080"`
		2374	`>`
		2375	`> ## Red tones:`
		2376	`> n <- 20; y <- -sin(3pi((1:n)-1/2)/n)`
61169	ripley	2377	`> op <- par(mar = rep(1.5, 4))`
56186	murdoch	2378	`> plot(y, axes = FALSE, frame.plot = TRUE,`
		2379	`+ xlab = "", ylab = "", pch = 21, cex = 30,`
61157	ripley	2380	`+ bg = rainbow(n, start = .85, end = .1),`
56186	murdoch	2381	`+ main = "Red tones")`
		2382	`> par(op)`
		2383	`>`
		2384	`>`
		2385	`>`
		2386	`> graphics::par(get("par.postscript", pos = 'CheckExEnv'))`
		2387	`> cleanEx()`
		2388	`> nameEx("make.rgb")`
		2389	`> ### * make.rgb`
		2390	`>`
		2391	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		2392	`>`
		2393	`> ### Name: make.rgb`
		2394	`> ### Title: Create colour spaces`
		2395	`> ### Aliases: make.rgb colorConverter`
		2396	`> ### Keywords: color`
		2397	`>`
		2398	`> ### ** Examples`
		2399	`>`
61157	ripley	2400	`> (pal <- make.rgb(red = c(0.6400, 0.3300),`
		2401	`+ green = c(0.2900, 0.6000),`
		2402	`+ blue = c(0.1500, 0.0600),`
56186	murdoch	2403	`+ name = "PAL/SECAM RGB"))`
		2404	`Color space converter: PAL/SECAM RGB`
		2405	`Reference white: D65`
		2406	`display gamma = 2.2`
		2407	`>`
		2408	`> ## converter for sRGB in #rrggbb format`
61169	ripley	2409	`> hexcolor <- colorConverter(toXYZ = function(hex, ...) {`
56186	murdoch	2410	`+ rgb <- t(col2rgb(hex))/255`
58933	ripley	2411	`+ colorspaces$sRGB$toXYZ(rgb, ...) },`
61169	ripley	2412	`+ fromXYZ = function(xyz, ...) {`
75868	murrell	2413	`+ rgb <- colorspaces$sRGB$fromXYZ(xyz, ...)`
61169	ripley	2414	`+ rgb <- round(rgb, 5)`
56186	murdoch	2415	`+ if (min(rgb) < 0 \|\| max(rgb) > 1)`
		2416	`+ as.character(NA)`
58933	ripley	2417	`+ else rgb(rgb[1], rgb[2], rgb[3])},`
56186	murdoch	2418	`+ white = "D65", name = "#rrggbb")`
		2419	`>`
		2420	`> (cols <- t(col2rgb(palette())))`
		2421	`red green blue`
		2422	`[1,] 0 0 0`
77336	murrell	2423	`[2,] 223 83 107`
		2424	`[3,] 97 208 79`
77438	murrell	2425	`[4,] 34 151 230`
		2426	`[5,] 40 226 229`
77336	murrell	2427	`[6,] 208 58 245`
		2428	`[7,] 238 194 31`
		2429	`[8,] 101 101 101`
61169	ripley	2430	`> zapsmall(luv <- convertColor(cols, from = "sRGB", to = "Luv", scale.in = 255))`
58933	ripley	2431	`L u v`
		2432	`[1,] 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000`
77336	murrell	2433	`[2,] 55.16051 99.94871 8.95299`
		2434	`[3,] 74.89688 -51.95694 73.49647`
77438	murrell	2435	`[4,] 59.98342 -36.43653 -76.74275`
		2436	`[5,] 82.01645 -61.64283 -15.85619`
77336	murrell	2437	`[6,] 55.21747 51.07792 -108.40014`
		2438	`[7,] 80.15007 38.24066 81.46952`
		2439	`[8,] 42.78380 0.00000 0.00000`
61157	ripley	2440	`> (hex <- convertColor(luv, from = "Luv", to = hexcolor, scale.out = NULL))`
75868	murrell	2441	`[,1]`
		2442	`[1,] "#000000"`
77336	murrell	2443	`[2,] "#DF536B"`
		2444	`[3,] "#61D04F"`
77438	murrell	2445	`[4,] "#2297E6"`
		2446	`[5,] "#28E2E5"`
77336	murrell	2447	`[6,] "#D03AF5"`
		2448	`[7,] "#EEC21F"`
		2449	`[8,] "#656565"`
56186	murdoch	2450	`>`
		2451	`> ## must make hex a matrix before using it`
61157	ripley	2452	`> (cc <- round(convertColor(as.matrix(hex), from = hexcolor, to = "sRGB",`
		2453	`+ scale.in = NULL, scale.out = 255)))`
56186	murdoch	2454	`[,1] [,2] [,3]`
		2455	`[1,] 0 0 0`
77336	murrell	2456	`[2,] 223 83 107`
		2457	`[3,] 97 208 79`
77438	murrell	2458	`[4,] 34 151 230`
		2459	`[5,] 40 226 229`
77336	murrell	2460	`[6,] 208 58 245`
		2461	`[7,] 238 194 31`
		2462	`[8,] 101 101 101`
56186	murdoch	2463	`> stopifnot(cc == cols)`
		2464	`>`
75868	murrell	2465	`> ## Internally vectorized version of hexcolor, notice the use`
		2466	> ## of `vectorized = TRUE`:
56186	murdoch	2467	`>`
75868	murrell	2468	`> hexcolorv <- colorConverter(toXYZ = function(hex, ...) {`
		2469	`+ rgb <- t(col2rgb(hex))/255`
		2470	`+ colorspaces$sRGB$toXYZ(rgb, ...) },`
		2471	`+ fromXYZ = function(xyz, ...) {`
		2472	`+ rgb <- colorspaces$sRGB$fromXYZ(xyz, ...)`
		2473	`+ rgb <- round(rgb, 5)`
		2474	`+ oob <- pmin(rgb[,1],rgb[,2],rgb[,3]) < 0 \|`
		2475	`+ pmax(rgb[,1],rgb[,2],rgb[,3]) > 0`
		2476	`+ res <- rep(NA_character_, nrow(rgb))`
		2477	`+ res[!oob] <- rgb(rgb[!oob,,drop=FALSE])},`
		2478	`+ white = "D65", name = "#rrggbb",`
		2479	`+ vectorized=TRUE)`
		2480	`> (ccv <- round(convertColor(as.matrix(hex), from = hexcolor, to = "sRGB",`
		2481	`+ scale.in = NULL, scale.out = 255)))`
		2482	`[,1] [,2] [,3]`
		2483	`[1,] 0 0 0`
77336	murrell	2484	`[2,] 223 83 107`
		2485	`[3,] 97 208 79`
77438	murrell	2486	`[4,] 34 151 230`
		2487	`[5,] 40 226 229`
77336	murrell	2488	`[6,] 208 58 245`
		2489	`[7,] 238 194 31`
		2490	`[8,] 101 101 101`
75868	murrell	2491	`> stopifnot(ccv == cols)`
56186	murdoch	2492	`>`
75868	murrell	2493	`>`
		2494	`>`
		2495	`>`
56186	murdoch	2496	`> cleanEx()`
		2497	`> nameEx("n2mfrow")`
		2498	`> ### * n2mfrow`
		2499	`>`
		2500	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		2501	`>`
		2502	`> ### Name: n2mfrow`
77448	maechler	2503	`> ### Title: Compute Default 'mfrow' From Number of Plots`
56186	murdoch	2504	`> ### Aliases: n2mfrow`
		2505	`> ### Keywords: dplot utilities`
		2506	`>`
		2507	`> ### ** Examples`
		2508	`>`
		2509	`> require(graphics)`
		2510	`>`
		2511	`> n2mfrow(8) # 3 x 3`
		2512	`[1] 3 3`
		2513	`>`
61157	ripley	2514	`> n <- 5 ; x <- seq(-2, 2, len = 51)`
56186	murdoch	2515	`> ## suppose now that 'n' is not known {inside function}`
		2516	`> op <- par(mfrow = n2mfrow(n))`
		2517	`> for (j in 1:n)`
		2518	`+ plot(x, x^j, main = substitute(x^ exp, list(exp = j)), type = "l",`
		2519	`+ col = "blue")`
		2520	`>`
77447	maechler	2521	`> sapply(1:14, n2mfrow)`
		2522	`[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8] [,9] [,10] [,11] [,12] [,13] [,14]`
		2523	`[1,] 1 2 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4`
		2524	`[2,] 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4`
		2525	`> sapply(1:14, n2mfrow, asp=16/9)`
		2526	`[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8] [,9] [,10] [,11] [,12] [,13] [,14]`
		2527	`[1,] 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3`
		2528	`[2,] 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 3 3 4 4 4 5 5`
56186	murdoch	2529	`>`
		2530	`>`
		2531	`>`
		2532	`> graphics::par(get("par.postscript", pos = 'CheckExEnv'))`
		2533	`> cleanEx()`
		2534	`> nameEx("nclass")`
		2535	`> ### * nclass`
		2536	`>`
		2537	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		2538	`>`
		2539	`> ### Name: nclass`
		2540	`> ### Title: Compute the Number of Classes for a Histogram`
		2541	`> ### Aliases: nclass.Sturges nclass.scott nclass.FD`
		2542	`> ### Keywords: univar`
		2543	`>`
		2544	`> ### ** Examples`
		2545	`>`
		2546	`> set.seed(1)`
		2547	`> x <- stats::rnorm(1111)`
		2548	`> nclass.Sturges(x)`
		2549	`[1] 12`
		2550	`>`
		2551	`> ## Compare them:`
		2552	`> NC <- function(x) c(Sturges = nclass.Sturges(x),`
		2553	`+ Scott = nclass.scott(x), FD = nclass.FD(x))`
		2554	`> NC(x)`
		2555	`Sturges Scott FD`
		2556	`12 20 26`
		2557	`> onePt <- rep(1, 11)`
		2558	`> NC(onePt) # no longer gives NaN`
		2559	`Sturges Scott FD`
		2560	`5 1 1`
		2561	`>`
		2562	`>`
		2563	`>`
		2564	`> cleanEx()`
		2565	`> nameEx("palette")`
		2566	`> ### * palette`
		2567	`>`
		2568	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		2569	`>`
		2570	`> ### Name: palette`
		2571	`> ### Title: Set or View the Graphics Palette`
77336	murrell	2572	`> ### Aliases: palette palette.pals palette.colors`
56186	murdoch	2573	`> ### Keywords: color sysdata`
		2574	`>`
		2575	`> ### ** Examples`
		2576	`>`
		2577	`> require(graphics)`
		2578	`>`
		2579	`> palette() # obtain the current palette`
77438	murrell	2580	`[1] "black" "#DF536B" "#61D04F" "#2297E6" "#28E2E5" "#D03AF5" "#EEC21F"`
77336	murrell	2581	`[8] "#656565"`
77448	maechler	2582	`> palette("R3");palette() # old default palette`
		2583	`[1] "black" "red" "green3" "blue" "cyan" "magenta" "yellow"`
		2584	`[8] "gray"`
77375	maechler	2585	`> palette("ggplot2") # ggplot2-style palette`
77448	maechler	2586	`> palette()`
		2587	`[1] "black" "#F8766D" "#00BA38" "#619CFF" "#00BFC4" "#F564E3" "#B79F00"`
		2588	`[8] "gray62"`
56186	murdoch	2589	`>`
77375	maechler	2590	`> palette(hcl.colors(8, "viridis"))`
		2591	`>`
61157	ripley	2592	`> (palette(gray(seq(0,.9,len = 25)))) # gray scales; print old palette`
77375	maechler	2593	`[1] "#4B0055" "#3C3777" "#006290" "#008A98" "#00AC8E" "#25C771" "#A6DA42"`
		2594	`[8] "#FDE333"`
61169	ripley	2595	`> matplot(outer(1:100, 1:30), type = "l", lty = 1,lwd = 2, col = 1:30,`
56186	murdoch	2596	`+ main = "Gray Scales Palette",`
61169	ripley	2597	`+ sub = "palette(gray(seq(0, .9, len=25)))")`
56186	murdoch	2598	`> palette("default") # reset back to the default`
		2599	`>`
77375	maechler	2600	`> ## on a device where alpha transparency is supported,`
56186	murdoch	2601	`> ## use 'alpha = 0.3' transparency with the default palette :`
		2602	`> mycols <- adjustcolor(palette(), alpha.f = 0.3)`
		2603	`> opal <- palette(mycols)`
		2604	`> x <- rnorm(1000); xy <- cbind(x, 3*x + rnorm(1000))`
61157	ripley	2605	`> plot (xy, lwd = 2,`
56186	murdoch	2606	`+ main = "Alpha-Transparency Palette\n alpha = 0.3")`
		2607	`> xy[,1] <- -xy[,1]`
61157	ripley	2608	`> points(xy, col = 8, pch = 16, cex = 1.5)`
56186	murdoch	2609	`> palette("default")`
		2610	`>`
77336	murrell	2611	`> ## List available built-in palettes`
		2612	`> palette.pals()`
		2613	`[1] "R3" "R4" "ggplot2" "Okabe-Ito"`
		2614	`[5] "Accent" "Dark 2" "Paired" "Pastel 1"`
		2615	`[9] "Pastel 2" "Set 1" "Set 2" "Set 3"`
		2616	`[13] "Tableau 10" "Classic Tableau" "Polychrome 36" "Alphabet"`
56186	murdoch	2617	`>`
77336	murrell	2618	`> ## Demonstrate the colors 1:8 in different palettes using a custom matplot()`
77448	maechler	2619	`> sinplot <- function(main=NULL) {`
77336	murrell	2620	`+ x <- outer(`
		2621	`+ seq(-pi, pi, length.out = 50),`
		2622	`+ seq(0, pi, length.out = 8),`
		2623	`+ function(x, y) sin(x - y)`
		2624	`+ )`
77448	maechler	2625	`+ matplot(x, type = "l", lwd = 4, lty = 1, col = 1:8, ylab = "", main=main)`
77336	murrell	2626	`+ }`
77448	maechler	2627	`> sinplot("default palette")`
56186	murdoch	2628	`>`
77448	maechler	2629	`> palette("R3"); sinplot("R3")`
		2630	`> palette("Okabe-Ito"); sinplot("Okabe-Ito")`
		2631	`> palette("Tableau") ; sinplot("Tableau")`
		2632	`> palette("default") # reset`
77336	murrell	2633	`>`
77448	maechler	2634	`> ## color swatches for palette.colors()`
		2635	`> palette.swatch <- function(palette = palette.pals(), n = 8, nrow = 8,`
		2636	`+ border = "black", cex = 1, ...)`
		2637	`+ {`
		2638	`+ cols <- sapply(palette, palette.colors, n = n, recycle = TRUE)`
		2639	`+ ncol <- ncol(cols)`
		2640	`+ nswatch <- min(ncol, nrow)`
		2641	`+ op <- par(mar = rep(0.1, 4),`
		2642	`+ mfrow = c(1, min(5, ceiling(ncol/nrow))),`
		2643	`+ cex = cex, ...)`
		2644	`+ on.exit(par(op))`
		2645	`+ while (length(palette)) {`
		2646	`+ subset <- seq_len(min(nrow, ncol(cols)))`
		2647	`+ plot.new()`
		2648	`+ plot.window(c(0, n), c(0.25, nrow + 0.25))`
		2649	`+ y <- rev(subset)`
		2650	`+ text(0, y + 0.1, palette[subset], adj = c(0, 0))`
		2651	`+ y <- rep(y, each = n)`
		2652	`+ rect(rep(0:(n-1), n), y, rep(1:n, n), y - 0.5,`
		2653	`+ col = cols[, subset], border = border)`
		2654	`+ palette <- palette[-subset]`
		2655	`+ cols <- cols [, -subset]`
		2656	`+ }`
		2657	`+ }`
77336	murrell	2658	`>`
77448	maechler	2659	`> palette.swatch()`
77336	murrell	2660	`>`
77448	maechler	2661	`> palette.swatch(n = 26) # show full "Alphabet"; recycle most others`
		2662	`>`
		2663	`>`
		2664	`>`
56186	murdoch	2665	`> cleanEx()`
		2666	`> nameEx("palettes")`
		2667	`> ### * palettes`
		2668	`>`
		2669	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		2670	`>`
		2671	`> ### Name: Palettes`
		2672	`> ### Title: Color Palettes`
		2673	`> ### Aliases: rainbow heat.colors terrain.colors topo.colors cm.colors`
76276	murrell	2674	`> ### hcl.colors hcl.pals`
56186	murdoch	2675	`> ### Keywords: color dplot`
		2676	`>`
		2677	`> ### ** Examples`
		2678	`>`
76276	murrell	2679	`> require("graphics")`
56186	murdoch	2680	`>`
76276	murrell	2681	`> # color wheels in RGB/HSV and HCL space`
		2682	`> par(mfrow = c(2, 2))`
		2683	`> pie(rep(1, 12), col = rainbow(12), main = "RGB/HSV")`
		2684	`> pie(rep(1, 12), col = hcl.colors(12, "Set 2"), main = "HCL")`
		2685	`> par(mfrow = c(1, 1))`
		2686	`>`
		2687	`> ## color swatches for RGB/HSV palettes`
56186	murdoch	2688	`> demo.pal <-`
61157	ripley	2689	`+ function(n, border = if (n < 32) "light gray" else NA,`
61169	ripley	2690	`+ main = paste("color palettes; n=", n),`
56186	murdoch	2691	`+ ch.col = c("rainbow(n, start=.7, end=.1)", "heat.colors(n)",`
		2692	`+ "terrain.colors(n)", "topo.colors(n)",`
		2693	`+ "cm.colors(n)"))`
		2694	`+ {`
		2695	`+ nt <- length(ch.col)`
		2696	`+ i <- 1:n; j <- n / nt; d <- j/6; dy <- 2*d`
61157	ripley	2697	`+ plot(i, i+d, type = "n", yaxt = "n", ylab = "", main = main)`
56186	murdoch	2698	`+ for (k in 1:nt) {`
		2699	`+ rect(i-.5, (k-1)j+ dy, i+.4, kj,`
76385	maechler	2700	`+ col = eval(str2lang(ch.col[k])), border = border)`
61157	ripley	2701	`+ text(2j, k j + dy/4, ch.col[k])`
56186	murdoch	2702	`+ }`
		2703	`+ }`
76276	murrell	2704	`> demo.pal(16)`
56186	murdoch	2705	`>`
76276	murrell	2706	`> ## color swatches for HCL palettes`
		2707	`> hcl.swatch <- function(type = NULL, n = 5, nrow = 11,`
		2708	`+ border = if (n < 15) "black" else NA) {`
		2709	`+ palette <- hcl.pals(type)`
		2710	`+ cols <- sapply(palette, hcl.colors, n = n)`
		2711	`+ ncol <- ncol(cols)`
		2712	`+ nswatch <- min(ncol, nrow)`
		2713	`+`
		2714	`+ par(mar = rep(0.1, 4),`
77427	ripley	2715	`+ mfrow = c(1, min(5, ceiling(ncol/nrow))),`
76276	murrell	2716	`+ pin = c(1, 0.5 * nswatch),`
		2717	`+ cex = 0.7)`
		2718	`+`
		2719	`+ while (length(palette)) {`
		2720	`+ subset <- 1:min(nrow, ncol(cols))`
		2721	`+ plot.new()`
		2722	`+ plot.window(c(0, n), c(0, nrow + 1))`
		2723	`+ text(0, rev(subset) + 0.1, palette[subset], adj = c(0, 0))`
		2724	`+ y <- rep(subset, each = n)`
		2725	`+ rect(rep(0:(n-1), n), rev(y), rep(1:n, n), rev(y) - 0.5,`
		2726	`+ col = cols[, subset], border = border)`
		2727	`+ palette <- palette[-subset]`
		2728	`+ cols <- cols[, -subset]`
		2729	`+ }`
		2730	`+`
		2731	`+ par(mfrow = c(1, 1), mar = c(5.1, 4.1, 4.1, 2.1), cex = 1)`
		2732	`+ }`
		2733	`> hcl.swatch()`
		2734	`> hcl.swatch("qualitative")`
		2735	`> hcl.swatch("sequential")`
		2736	`> hcl.swatch("diverging")`
		2737	`> hcl.swatch("divergingx")`
56186	murdoch	2738	`>`
76276	murrell	2739	`> ## heat maps with sequential HCL palette (purple)`
		2740	`> image(volcano, col = hcl.colors(11, "purples", rev = TRUE))`
		2741	`> filled.contour(volcano, nlevels = 10,`
		2742	`+ color.palette = function(n, ...)`
		2743	`+ hcl.colors(n, "purples", rev = TRUE, ...))`
56186	murdoch	2744	`>`
76276	murrell	2745	`> ## list available HCL color palettes`
		2746	`> hcl.pals("qualitative")`
		2747	`[1] "Pastel 1" "Dark 2" "Dark 3" "Set 2" "Set 3" "Warm" "Cold"`
		2748	`[8] "Harmonic" "Dynamic"`
		2749	`> hcl.pals("sequential")`
		2750	`[1] "Grays" "Light Grays" "Blues 2" "Blues 3"`
		2751	`[5] "Purples 2" "Purples 3" "Reds 2" "Reds 3"`
		2752	`[9] "Greens 2" "Greens 3" "Oslo" "Purple-Blue"`
		2753	`[13] "Red-Purple" "Red-Blue" "Purple-Orange" "Purple-Yellow"`
		2754	`[17] "Blue-Yellow" "Green-Yellow" "Red-Yellow" "Heat"`
		2755	`[21] "Heat 2" "Terrain" "Terrain 2" "Viridis"`
		2756	`[25] "Plasma" "Inferno" "Dark Mint" "Mint"`
		2757	`[29] "BluGrn" "Teal" "TealGrn" "Emrld"`
		2758	`[33] "BluYl" "ag_GrnYl" "Peach" "PinkYl"`
		2759	`[37] "Burg" "BurgYl" "RedOr" "OrYel"`
		2760	`[41] "Purp" "PurpOr" "Sunset" "Magenta"`
		2761	`[45] "SunsetDark" "ag_Sunset" "BrwnYl" "YlOrRd"`
		2762	`[49] "YlOrBr" "OrRd" "Oranges" "YlGn"`
		2763	`[53] "YlGnBu" "Reds" "RdPu" "PuRd"`
		2764	`[57] "Purples" "PuBuGn" "PuBu" "Greens"`
		2765	`[61] "BuGn" "GnBu" "BuPu" "Blues"`
		2766	`[65] "Lajolla" "Turku"`
		2767	`> hcl.pals("diverging")`
		2768	`[1] "Blue-Red" "Blue-Red 2" "Blue-Red 3" "Red-Green"`
		2769	`[5] "Purple-Green" "Purple-Brown" "Green-Brown" "Blue-Yellow 2"`
		2770	`[9] "Blue-Yellow 3" "Green-Orange" "Cyan-Magenta" "Tropic"`
		2771	`[13] "Broc" "Cork" "Vik" "Berlin"`
		2772	`[17] "Lisbon" "Tofino"`
		2773	`> hcl.pals("divergingx")`
		2774	`[1] "ArmyRose" "Earth" "Fall" "Geyser" "TealRose" "Temps"`
		2775	`[7] "PuOr" "RdBu" "RdGy" "PiYG" "PRGn" "BrBG"`
		2776	`[13] "RdYlBu" "RdYlGn" "Spectral" "Zissou 1" "Cividis"`
		2777	`>`
		2778	`>`
		2779	`>`
		2780	`> graphics::par(get("par.postscript", pos = 'CheckExEnv'))`
56186	murdoch	2781	`> cleanEx()`
		2782	`> nameEx("pdf")`
		2783	`> ### * pdf`
		2784	`>`
		2785	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		2786	`>`
		2787	`> ### Name: pdf`
		2788	`> ### Title: PDF Graphics Device`
		2789	`> ### Aliases: pdf`
		2790	`> ### Keywords: device`
		2791	`>`
		2792	`> ### ** Examples`
		2793	`>`
		2794	`>`
		2795	`>`
		2796	`> cleanEx()`
		2797	`> nameEx("pdf.options")`
		2798	`> ### * pdf.options`
		2799	`>`
		2800	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		2801	`>`
		2802	`> ### Name: pdf.options`
		2803	`> ### Title: Auxiliary Function to Set/View Defaults for Arguments of pdf`
		2804	`> ### Aliases: pdf.options`
		2805	`> ### Keywords: device`
		2806	`>`
		2807	`> ### ** Examples`
		2808	`>`
		2809	`> pdf.options(bg = "pink")`
		2810	`> utils::str(pdf.options())`
56925	ripley	2811	`List of 18`
56186	murdoch	2812	`$ width : num 7`
		2813	`$ height : num 7`
		2814	`$ onefile : logi TRUE`
		2815	`$ family : chr "Helvetica"`
		2816	`$ title : chr "R Graphics Output"`
		2817	`$ fonts : NULL`
		2818	`$ version : chr "1.4"`
		2819	`$ paper : chr "special"`
		2820	`$ encoding : chr "default"`
		2821	`$ bg : chr "pink"`
		2822	`$ fg : chr "black"`
		2823	`$ pointsize : num 12`
		2824	`$ pagecentre : logi TRUE`
56808	ripley	2825	`$ colormodel : chr "srgb"`
56186	murdoch	2826	`$ useDingbats: logi TRUE`
		2827	`$ useKerning : logi TRUE`
		2828	`$ fillOddEven: logi FALSE`
		2829	`$ compress : logi TRUE`
		2830	`> pdf.options(reset = TRUE) # back to factory-fresh`
		2831	`>`
		2832	`>`
		2833	`>`
		2834	`> cleanEx()`
		2835	`> nameEx("pictex")`
		2836	`> ### * pictex`
		2837	`>`
		2838	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		2839	`>`
		2840	`> ### Name: pictex`
		2841	`> ### Title: A PicTeX Graphics Driver`
		2842	`> ### Aliases: pictex`
		2843	`> ### Keywords: device`
		2844	`>`
		2845	`> ### ** Examples`
		2846	`>`
		2847	`> require(graphics)`
74547	maechler	2848	`> ## Don't show:`
		2849	`> oldwd <- setwd(tempdir())`
		2850	`> ## End(Don't show)`
56186	murdoch	2851	`>`
		2852	`> pictex()`
61169	ripley	2853	`> plot(1:11, (-5:5)^2, type = "b", main = "Simple Example Plot")`
56186	murdoch	2854	`> dev.off()`
56942	ripley	2855	`pdf`
		2856	`2`
56186	murdoch	2857	`> ##--------------------`
		2858	`> ## Not run:`
		2859	`> ##D %% LaTeX Example`
		2860	`> ##D \documentclass{article}`
		2861	`> ##D \usepackage{pictex}`
		2862	`> ##D \usepackage{graphics} % for \rotatebox`
		2863	`> ##D \begin{document}`
		2864	`> ##D %...`
		2865	`> ##D \begin{figure}[h]`
		2866	`> ##D \centerline{\input{Rplots.tex}}`
		2867	`> ##D \caption{}`
		2868	`> ##D \end{figure}`
		2869	`> ##D %...`
		2870	`> ##D \end{document}`
		2871	`> ## End(Not run)`
		2872	`> ##--------------------`
		2873	`> unlink("Rplots.tex")`
74547	maechler	2874	`> ## Don't show:`
		2875	`> setwd(oldwd)`
		2876	`> ## End(Don't show)`
56186	murdoch	2877	`>`
		2878	`>`
		2879	`>`
		2880	`> cleanEx()`
		2881	`> nameEx("plotmath")`
		2882	`> ### * plotmath`
		2883	`>`
		2884	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		2885	`>`
		2886	`> ### Name: plotmath`
		2887	`> ### Title: Mathematical Annotation in R`
		2888	`> ### Aliases: plotmath symbol plain bold italic bolditalic hat bar dot ring`
		2889	`> ### widehat widetilde displaystyle textstyle scriptstyle`
		2890	`> ### scriptscriptstyle underline phantom over frac atop integral inf sup`
		2891	`> ### group bgroup`
		2892	`> ### Keywords: aplot`
		2893	`>`
		2894	`> ### ** Examples`
		2895	`>`
		2896	`> require(graphics)`
		2897	`>`
		2898	`> x <- seq(-4, 4, len = 101)`
		2899	`> y <- cbind(sin(x), cos(x))`
		2900	`> matplot(x, y, type = "l", xaxt = "n",`
		2901	`+ main = expression(paste(plain(sin) * phi, " and ",`
		2902	`+ plain(cos) * phi)),`
		2903	`+ ylab = expression("sin" * phi, "cos" * phi), # only 1st is taken`
		2904	`+ xlab = expression(paste("Phase Angle ", phi)),`
		2905	`+ col.main = "blue")`
		2906	`> axis(1, at = c(-pi, -pi/2, 0, pi/2, pi),`
		2907	`+ labels = expression(-pi, -pi/2, 0, pi/2, pi))`
		2908	`>`
		2909	`>`
		2910	`> ## How to combine "math" and numeric variables :`
		2911	`> plot(1:10, type="n", xlab="", ylab="", main = "plot math & numbers")`
		2912	`> theta <- 1.23 ; mtext(bquote(hat(theta) == .(theta)), line= .25)`
		2913	`> for(i in 2:9)`
61169	ripley	2914	`+ text(i, i+1, substitute(list(xi, eta) == group("(",list(x,y),")"),`
		2915	`+ list(x = i, y = i+1)))`
56186	murdoch	2916	`> ## note that both of these use calls rather than expressions.`
		2917	`> ##`
61169	ripley	2918	`> text(1, 10, "Derivatives:", adj = 0)`
		2919	`> text(1, 9.6, expression(`
		2920	`+ " first: {f * minute}(x) " == {f * minute}(x)), adj = 0)`
		2921	`> text(1, 9.0, expression(`
		2922	`+ " second: {f * second}(x) " == {f * second}(x)), adj = 0)`
56186	murdoch	2923	`>`
		2924	`>`
		2925	`> plot(1:10, 1:10)`
		2926	`> text(4, 9, expression(hat(beta) == (X^t * X)^{-1} * X^t * y))`
		2927	`> text(4, 8.4, "expression(hat(beta) == (X^t * X)^{-1} * X^t * y)",`
		2928	`+ cex = .8)`
		2929	`> text(4, 7, expression(bar(x) == sum(frac(x[i], n), i==1, n)))`
		2930	`> text(4, 6.4, "expression(bar(x) == sum(frac(x[i], n), i==1, n))",`
		2931	`+ cex = .8)`
		2932	`> text(8, 5, expression(paste(frac(1, sigmasqrt(2pi)), " ",`
		2933	`+ plain(e)^{frac(-(x-mu)^2, 2*sigma^2)})),`
		2934	`+ cex = 1.2)`
		2935	`>`
		2936	`> ## some other useful symbols`
		2937	`> plot.new(); plot.window(c(0,4), c(15,1))`
61169	ripley	2938	`> text(1, 1, "universal", adj = 0); text(2.5, 1, "\\042")`
56186	murdoch	2939	`> text(3, 1, expression(symbol("\042")))`
61169	ripley	2940	`> text(1, 2, "existential", adj = 0); text(2.5, 2, "\\044")`
56186	murdoch	2941	`> text(3, 2, expression(symbol("\044")))`
61169	ripley	2942	`> text(1, 3, "suchthat", adj = 0); text(2.5, 3, "\\047")`
56186	murdoch	2943	`> text(3, 3, expression(symbol("\047")))`
61169	ripley	2944	`> text(1, 4, "therefore", adj = 0); text(2.5, 4, "\\134")`
56186	murdoch	2945	`> text(3, 4, expression(symbol("\134")))`
61169	ripley	2946	`> text(1, 5, "perpendicular", adj = 0); text(2.5, 5, "\\136")`
56186	murdoch	2947	`> text(3, 5, expression(symbol("\136")))`
61169	ripley	2948	`> text(1, 6, "circlemultiply", adj = 0); text(2.5, 6, "\\304")`
56186	murdoch	2949	`> text(3, 6, expression(symbol("\304")))`
61169	ripley	2950	`> text(1, 7, "circleplus", adj = 0); text(2.5, 7, "\\305")`
56186	murdoch	2951	`> text(3, 7, expression(symbol("\305")))`
61169	ripley	2952	`> text(1, 8, "emptyset", adj = 0); text(2.5, 8, "\\306")`
56186	murdoch	2953	`> text(3, 8, expression(symbol("\306")))`
61169	ripley	2954	`> text(1, 9, "angle", adj = 0); text(2.5, 9, "\\320")`
56186	murdoch	2955	`> text(3, 9, expression(symbol("\320")))`
61169	ripley	2956	`> text(1, 10, "leftangle", adj = 0); text(2.5, 10, "\\341")`
56186	murdoch	2957	`> text(3, 10, expression(symbol("\341")))`
61169	ripley	2958	`> text(1, 11, "rightangle", adj = 0); text(2.5, 11, "\\361")`
56186	murdoch	2959	`> text(3, 11, expression(symbol("\361")))`
		2960	`>`
		2961	`>`
		2962	`>`
		2963	`> cleanEx()`
		2964	`> nameEx("postscriptFonts")`
		2965	`> ### * postscriptFonts`
		2966	`>`
		2967	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		2968	`>`
		2969	`> ### Name: postscriptFonts`
		2970	`> ### Title: PostScript and PDF Font Families`
		2971	`> ### Aliases: postscriptFonts pdfFonts`
		2972	`> ### Keywords: device`
		2973	`>`
		2974	`> ### ** Examples`
		2975	`>`
		2976	`> postscriptFonts()`
		2977	`$serif`
		2978	`$family`
		2979	`[1] "Times"`
		2980
		2981	`$metrics`
		2982	`[1] "Times-Roman.afm" "Times-Bold.afm" "Times-Italic.afm"`
		2983	`[4] "Times-BoldItalic.afm" "Symbol.afm"`
		2984
		2985	`$encoding`
		2986	`[1] "default"`
		2987
		2988	`attr(,"class")`
		2989	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		2990
		2991	`$sans`
		2992	`$family`
		2993	`[1] "Helvetica"`
		2994
		2995	`$metrics`
		2996	`[1] "Helvetica.afm" "Helvetica-Bold.afm"`
		2997	`[3] "Helvetica-Oblique.afm" "Helvetica-BoldOblique.afm"`
		2998	`[5] "Symbol.afm"`
		2999
		3000	`$encoding`
		3001	`[1] "default"`
		3002
		3003	`attr(,"class")`
		3004	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		3005
		3006	`$mono`
		3007	`$family`
		3008	`[1] "Courier"`
		3009
		3010	`$metrics`
		3011	`[1] "Courier.afm" "Courier-Bold.afm"`
		3012	`[3] "Courier-Oblique.afm" "Courier-BoldOblique.afm"`
		3013	`[5] "Symbol.afm"`
		3014
		3015	`$encoding`
		3016	`[1] "default"`
		3017
		3018	`attr(,"class")`
		3019	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		3020
		3021	`$AvantGarde`
		3022	`$family`
		3023	`[1] "AvantGarde"`
		3024
		3025	`$metrics`
		3026	`[1] "agw_____.afm" "agd_____.afm" "agwo____.afm" "agdo____.afm" "Symbol.afm"`
		3027
		3028	`$encoding`
		3029	`[1] "default"`
		3030
		3031	`attr(,"class")`
		3032	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		3033
		3034	`$Bookman`
		3035	`$family`
		3036	`[1] "Bookman"`
		3037
		3038	`$metrics`
		3039	`[1] "bkl_____.afm" "bkd_____.afm" "bkli____.afm" "bkdi____.afm" "Symbol.afm"`
		3040
		3041	`$encoding`
		3042	`[1] "default"`
		3043
		3044	`attr(,"class")`
		3045	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		3046
		3047	`$Courier`
		3048	`$family`
		3049	`[1] "Courier"`
		3050
		3051	`$metrics`
		3052	`[1] "Courier.afm" "Courier-Bold.afm"`
		3053	`[3] "Courier-Oblique.afm" "Courier-BoldOblique.afm"`
		3054	`[5] "Symbol.afm"`
		3055
		3056	`$encoding`
		3057	`[1] "default"`
		3058
		3059	`attr(,"class")`
		3060	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		3061
		3062	`$Helvetica`
		3063	`$family`
		3064	`[1] "Helvetica"`
		3065
		3066	`$metrics`
		3067	`[1] "Helvetica.afm" "Helvetica-Bold.afm"`
		3068	`[3] "Helvetica-Oblique.afm" "Helvetica-BoldOblique.afm"`
		3069	`[5] "Symbol.afm"`
		3070
		3071	`$encoding`
		3072	`[1] "default"`
		3073
		3074	`attr(,"class")`
		3075	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		3076
		3077	$`Helvetica-Narrow`
		3078	`$family`
		3079	`[1] "Helvetica-Narrow"`
		3080
		3081	`$metrics`
		3082	`[1] "hvn_____.afm" "hvnb____.afm" "hvno____.afm" "hvnbo___.afm" "Symbol.afm"`
		3083
		3084	`$encoding`
		3085	`[1] "default"`
		3086
		3087	`attr(,"class")`
		3088	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		3089
		3090	`$NewCenturySchoolbook`
		3091	`$family`
		3092	`[1] "NewCenturySchoolbook"`
		3093
		3094	`$metrics`
		3095	`[1] "ncr_____.afm" "ncb_____.afm" "nci_____.afm" "ncbi____.afm" "Symbol.afm"`
		3096
		3097	`$encoding`
		3098	`[1] "default"`
		3099
		3100	`attr(,"class")`
		3101	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		3102
		3103	`$Palatino`
		3104	`$family`
		3105	`[1] "Palatino"`
		3106
		3107	`$metrics`
		3108	`[1] "por_____.afm" "pob_____.afm" "poi_____.afm" "pobi____.afm" "Symbol.afm"`
		3109
		3110	`$encoding`
		3111	`[1] "default"`
		3112
		3113	`attr(,"class")`
		3114	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		3115
		3116	`$Times`
		3117	`$family`
		3118	`[1] "Times"`
		3119
		3120	`$metrics`
		3121	`[1] "Times-Roman.afm" "Times-Bold.afm" "Times-Italic.afm"`
		3122	`[4] "Times-BoldItalic.afm" "Symbol.afm"`
		3123
		3124	`$encoding`
		3125	`[1] "default"`
		3126
		3127	`attr(,"class")`
		3128	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		3129
		3130	`$URWGothic`
		3131	`$family`
		3132	`[1] "URWGothic"`
		3133
		3134	`$metrics`
		3135	`[1] "a010013l.afm" "a010015l.afm" "a010033l.afm" "a010035l.afm" "s050000l.afm"`
		3136
		3137	`$encoding`
		3138	`[1] "default"`
		3139
		3140	`attr(,"class")`
		3141	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		3142
		3143	`$URWBookman`
		3144	`$family`
		3145	`[1] "URWBookman"`
		3146
		3147	`$metrics`
		3148	`[1] "b018012l.afm" "b018015l.afm" "b018032l.afm" "b018035l.afm" "s050000l.afm"`
		3149
		3150	`$encoding`
		3151	`[1] "default"`
		3152
		3153	`attr(,"class")`
		3154	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		3155
		3156	`$NimbusMon`
		3157	`$family`
		3158	`[1] "NimbusMon"`
		3159
		3160	`$metrics`
		3161	`[1] "n022003l.afm" "n022004l.afm" "n022023l.afm" "n022024l.afm" "s050000l.afm"`
		3162
		3163	`$encoding`
		3164	`[1] "default"`
		3165
		3166	`attr(,"class")`
		3167	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		3168
		3169	`$NimbusSan`
		3170	`$family`
		3171	`[1] "NimbusSan"`
		3172
		3173	`$metrics`
		3174	`[1] "n019003l.afm" "n019004l.afm" "n019023l.afm" "n019024l.afm" "s050000l.afm"`
		3175
		3176	`$encoding`
		3177	`[1] "default"`
		3178
		3179	`attr(,"class")`
		3180	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		3181
		3182	`$URWHelvetica`
		3183	`$family`
		3184	`[1] "URWHelvetica"`
		3185
		3186	`$metrics`
		3187	`[1] "n019003l.afm" "n019004l.afm" "n019023l.afm" "n019024l.afm" "s050000l.afm"`
		3188
		3189	`$encoding`
		3190	`[1] "default"`
		3191
		3192	`attr(,"class")`
		3193	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		3194
		3195	`$NimbusSanCond`
		3196	`$family`
		3197	`[1] "NimbusSanCond"`
		3198
		3199	`$metrics`
		3200	`[1] "n019043l.afm" "n019044l.afm" "n019063l.afm" "n019064l.afm" "s050000l.afm"`
		3201
		3202	`$encoding`
		3203	`[1] "default"`
		3204
		3205	`attr(,"class")`
		3206	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		3207
		3208	`$CenturySch`
		3209	`$family`
		3210	`[1] "CenturySch"`
		3211
		3212	`$metrics`
		3213	`[1] "c059013l.afm" "c059016l.afm" "c059033l.afm" "c059036l.afm" "s050000l.afm"`
		3214
		3215	`$encoding`
		3216	`[1] "default"`
		3217
		3218	`attr(,"class")`
		3219	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		3220
		3221	`$URWPalladio`
		3222	`$family`
		3223	`[1] "URWPalladio"`
		3224
		3225	`$metrics`
		3226	`[1] "p052003l.afm" "p052004l.afm" "p052023l.afm" "p052024l.afm" "s050000l.afm"`
		3227
		3228	`$encoding`
		3229	`[1] "default"`
		3230
		3231	`attr(,"class")`
		3232	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		3233
		3234	`$NimbusRom`
		3235	`$family`
		3236	`[1] "NimbusRom"`
		3237
		3238	`$metrics`
		3239	`[1] "n021003l.afm" "n021004l.afm" "n021023l.afm" "n021024l.afm" "s050000l.afm"`
		3240
		3241	`$encoding`
		3242	`[1] "default"`
		3243
		3244	`attr(,"class")`
		3245	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		3246
		3247	`$URWTimes`
		3248	`$family`
		3249	`[1] "URWTimes"`
		3250
		3251	`$metrics`
		3252	`[1] "n021003l.afm" "n021004l.afm" "n021023l.afm" "n021024l.afm" "s050000l.afm"`
		3253
		3254	`$encoding`
		3255	`[1] "default"`
		3256
		3257	`attr(,"class")`
		3258	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		3259
63675	ripley	3260	`$ArialMT`
		3261	`$family`
		3262	`[1] "ArialMT"`
		3263
		3264	`$metrics`
		3265	`[1] "ArialMT.afm" "ArialMT-Bold.afm" "ArialMT-Italic.afm"`
		3266	`[4] "ArialMT-BoldItalic.afm" "Symbol.afm"`
		3267
		3268	`$encoding`
		3269	`[1] "default"`
		3270
		3271	`attr(,"class")`
		3272	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		3273
56186	murdoch	3274	`$ComputerModern`
		3275	`$family`
		3276	`[1] "ComputerModern"`
		3277
		3278	`$metrics`
		3279	`[1] "CM_regular_10.afm" "CM_boldx_10.afm" "CM_italic_10.afm"`
		3280	`[4] "CM_boldx_italic_10.afm" "CM_symbol_10.afm"`
		3281
		3282	`$encoding`
		3283	`[1] "TeXtext.enc"`
		3284
		3285	`attr(,"class")`
		3286	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		3287
		3288	`$ComputerModernItalic`
		3289	`$family`
		3290	`[1] "ComputerModernItalic"`
		3291
		3292	`$metrics`
		3293	`[1] "CM_regular_10.afm" "CM_boldx_10.afm" "cmti10.afm"`
		3294	`[4] "cmbxti10.afm" "CM_symbol_10.afm"`
		3295
		3296	`$encoding`
		3297	`[1] "TeXtext.enc"`
		3298
		3299	`attr(,"class")`
		3300	`[1] "Type1Font"`
		3301
		3302	`$Japan1`
		3303	`$family`
		3304	`[1] "HeiseiKakuGo-W5"`
		3305
		3306	`$metrics`
		3307	`[1] "" "" "" "" "Symbol.afm"`
		3308
		3309	`$cmap`
		3310	`[1] "EUC-H"`
		3311
		3312	`$cmapEncoding`
		3313	`[1] "EUC-JP"`
		3314
		3315	`$pdfresource`
		3316	`[1] ""`
		3317
		3318	`attr(,"class")`
		3319	`[1] "CIDFont"`
		3320
		3321	`$Japan1HeiMin`
		3322	`$family`
		3323	`[1] "HeiseiMin-W3"`
		3324
		3325	`$metrics`
		3326	`[1] "" "" "" "" "Symbol.afm"`
		3327
		3328	`$cmap`
		3329	`[1] "EUC-H"`
		3330
		3331	`$cmapEncoding`
		3332	`[1] "EUC-JP"`
		3333
		3334	`$pdfresource`
		3335	`[1] ""`
		3336
		3337	`attr(,"class")`
		3338	`[1] "CIDFont"`
		3339
		3340	`$Japan1GothicBBB`
		3341	`$family`
		3342	`[1] "GothicBBB-Medium"`
		3343
		3344	`$metrics`
		3345	`[1] "" "" "" "" "Symbol.afm"`
		3346
		3347	`$cmap`
		3348	`[1] "EUC-H"`
		3349
		3350	`$cmapEncoding`
		3351	`[1] "EUC-JP"`
		3352
		3353	`$pdfresource`
		3354	`[1] ""`
		3355
		3356	`attr(,"class")`
		3357	`[1] "CIDFont"`
		3358
		3359	`$Japan1Ryumin`
		3360	`$family`
		3361	`[1] "Ryumin-Light"`
		3362
		3363	`$metrics`
		3364	`[1] "" "" "" "" "Symbol.afm"`
		3365
		3366	`$cmap`
		3367	`[1] "EUC-H"`
		3368
		3369	`$cmapEncoding`
		3370	`[1] "EUC-JP"`
		3371
		3372	`$pdfresource`
		3373	`[1] ""`
		3374
		3375	`attr(,"class")`
		3376	`[1] "CIDFont"`
		3377
		3378	`$Korea1`
		3379	`$family`
		3380	`[1] "Baekmuk-Batang"`
		3381
		3382	`$metrics`
		3383	`[1] "" "" "" "" "Symbol.afm"`
		3384
		3385	`$cmap`
		3386	`[1] "KSCms-UHC-H"`
		3387
		3388	`$cmapEncoding`
		3389	`[1] "CP949"`
		3390
		3391	`$pdfresource`
		3392	`[1] ""`
		3393
		3394	`attr(,"class")`
		3395	`[1] "CIDFont"`
		3396
		3397	`$Korea1deb`
		3398	`$family`
		3399	`[1] "Batang-Regular"`
		3400
		3401	`$metrics`
		3402	`[1] "" "" "" "" "Symbol.afm"`
		3403
		3404	`$cmap`
		3405	`[1] "KSCms-UHC-H"`
		3406
		3407	`$cmapEncoding`
		3408	`[1] "CP949"`
		3409
		3410	`$pdfresource`
		3411	`[1] ""`
		3412
		3413	`attr(,"class")`
		3414	`[1] "CIDFont"`
		3415
		3416	`$CNS1`
		3417	`$family`
		3418	`[1] "MOESung-Regular"`
		3419
		3420	`$metrics`
		3421	`[1] "" "" "" "" "Symbol.afm"`
		3422
		3423	`$cmap`
		3424	`[1] "B5pc-H"`
		3425
		3426	`$cmapEncoding`
		3427	`[1] "CP950"`
		3428
		3429	`$pdfresource`
		3430	`[1] ""`
		3431
		3432	`attr(,"class")`
		3433	`[1] "CIDFont"`
		3434
		3435	`$GB1`
		3436	`$family`
		3437	`[1] "BousungEG-Light-GB"`
		3438
		3439	`$metrics`
		3440	`[1] "" "" "" "" "Symbol.afm"`
		3441
		3442	`$cmap`
		3443	`[1] "GBK-EUC-H"`
		3444
		3445	`$cmapEncoding`
		3446	`[1] "GBK"`
		3447
		3448	`$pdfresource`
		3449	`[1] ""`
		3450
		3451	`attr(,"class")`
		3452	`[1] "CIDFont"`
		3453
		3454	`> ## This duplicates "ComputerModernItalic".`
		3455	`> CMitalic <- Type1Font("ComputerModern2",`
		3456	`+ c("CM_regular_10.afm", "CM_boldx_10.afm",`
		3457	`+ "cmti10.afm", "cmbxti10.afm",`
		3458	`+ "CM_symbol_10.afm"),`
		3459	`+ encoding = "TeXtext.enc")`
		3460	`> postscriptFonts(CMitalic = CMitalic)`
		3461	`>`
		3462	`> ## A CID font for Japanese using a different CMap and`
		3463	`> ## corresponding cmapEncoding.`
		3464	> `Jp_UCS-2` <- CIDFont("TestUCS2",
		3465	`+ c("Adobe-Japan1-UniJIS-UCS2-H.afm",`
		3466	`+ "Adobe-Japan1-UniJIS-UCS2-H.afm",`
		3467	`+ "Adobe-Japan1-UniJIS-UCS2-H.afm",`
		3468	`+ "Adobe-Japan1-UniJIS-UCS2-H.afm"),`
		3469	`+ "UniJIS-UCS2-H", "UCS-2")`
		3470	> pdfFonts(`Jp_UCS-2` = `Jp_UCS-2`)
		3471	`> names(pdfFonts())`
		3472	`[1] "serif" "sans" "mono"`
		3473	`[4] "AvantGarde" "Bookman" "Courier"`
		3474	`[7] "Helvetica" "Helvetica-Narrow" "NewCenturySchoolbook"`
		3475	`[10] "Palatino" "Times" "URWGothic"`
		3476	`[13] "URWBookman" "NimbusMon" "NimbusSan"`
		3477	`[16] "URWHelvetica" "NimbusSanCond" "CenturySch"`
		3478	`[19] "URWPalladio" "NimbusRom" "URWTimes"`
63675	ripley	3479	`[22] "ArialMT" "Japan1" "Japan1HeiMin"`
		3480	`[25] "Japan1GothicBBB" "Japan1Ryumin" "Korea1"`
		3481	`[28] "Korea1deb" "CNS1" "GB1"`
		3482	`[31] "Jp_UCS-2"`
56186	murdoch	3483	`>`
		3484	`>`
		3485	`>`
		3486	`> cleanEx()`
		3487	`> nameEx("pretty.Date")`
		3488	`> ### * pretty.Date`
		3489	`>`
		3490	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		3491	`>`
		3492	`> ### Name: pretty.Date`
		3493	`> ### Title: Pretty Breakpoints for Date-Time Classes`
70448	maechler	3494	`> ### Aliases: pretty.Date pretty.POSIXt`
56186	murdoch	3495	`> ### Keywords: dplot`
		3496	`>`
		3497	`> ### ** Examples`
		3498	`>`
70467	maechler	3499	`> pretty(as.Date("2000-03-01")) # R 1.0.0 came in a leap year`
		3500	`[1] "2000-02-28" "2000-02-29" "2000-03-01" "2000-03-02" "2000-03-03"`
		3501	`[6] "2000-03-04"`
56186	murdoch	3502	`>`
70467	maechler	3503	`> ## time ranges in diverse scales:% also in ../../../../tests/reg-tests-1c.R`
		3504	`> require(stats)`
		3505	`> steps <- setNames(,`
		3506	`+ c("10 secs", "1 min", "5 mins", "30 mins", "6 hours", "12 hours",`
		3507	`+ "1 DSTday", "2 weeks", "1 month", "6 months", "1 year",`
		3508	`+ "10 years", "50 years", "1000 years"))`
56186	murdoch	3509	`> x <- as.POSIXct("2002-02-02 02:02")`
		3510	`> lapply(steps,`
		3511	`+ function(s) {`
		3512	`+ at <- pretty(seq(x, by = s, length = 2), n = 5)`
		3513	`+ attr(at, "labels")`
		3514	`+ })`
70467	maechler	3515	$`10 secs`
56186	murdoch	3516	`[1] "00" "02" "04" "06" "08" "10"`
		3517
70467	maechler	3518	$`1 min`
56186	murdoch	3519	`[1] "00" "10" "20" "30" "40" "50" "00"`
		3520
70467	maechler	3521	$`5 mins`
56186	murdoch	3522	`[1] "02:02" "02:03" "02:04" "02:05" "02:06" "02:07"`
		3523
70467	maechler	3524	$`30 mins`
		3525	`[1] "02:00" "02:10" "02:20" "02:30" "02:40"`
56186	murdoch	3526
70467	maechler	3527	$`6 hours`
		3528	`[1] "02:00" "03:00" "04:00" "05:00" "06:00" "07:00" "08:00" "09:00"`
56186	murdoch	3529
70467	maechler	3530	$`12 hours`
		3531	`[1] "00:00" "03:00" "06:00" "09:00" "12:00" "15:00"`
56186	murdoch	3532
70467	maechler	3533	$`1 DSTday`
		3534	`[1] "Feb 02 00:00" "Feb 02 06:00" "Feb 02 12:00" "Feb 02 18:00" "Feb 03 00:00"`
		3535	`[6] "Feb 03 06:00"`
56186	murdoch	3536
70467	maechler	3537	$`2 weeks`
		3538	`[1] "Jan 28" "Feb 04" "Feb 11" "Feb 18"`
56186	murdoch	3539
70467	maechler	3540	$`1 month`
		3541	`[1] "Jan 28" "Feb 04" "Feb 11" "Feb 18" "Feb 25" "Mar 04"`
56186	murdoch	3542
70467	maechler	3543	$`6 months`
		3544	`[1] "Feb" "Mar" "Apr" "May" "Jun" "Jul" "Aug" "Sep"`
56186	murdoch	3545
70467	maechler	3546	$`1 year`
		3547	`[1] "Jan" "Apr" "Jul" "Oct" "Jan" "Apr"`
56186	murdoch	3548
70467	maechler	3549	$`10 years`
		3550	`[1] "2002" "2004" "2006" "2008" "2010" "2012" "2014"`
56186	murdoch	3551
70467	maechler	3552	$`50 years`
		3553	`[1] "2000" "2010" "2020" "2030" "2040" "2050" "2060"`
56186	murdoch	3554
70467	maechler	3555	$`1000 years`
		3556	`[1] "2000" "2200" "2400" "2600" "2800" "3000" "3200"`
56186	murdoch	3557
		3558	`>`
		3559	`>`
		3560	`>`
		3561	`> cleanEx()`
		3562	`> nameEx("ps.options")`
		3563	`> ### * ps.options`
		3564	`>`
		3565	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		3566	`>`
		3567	`> ### Name: ps.options`
		3568	`> ### Title: Auxiliary Function to Set/View Defaults for Arguments of`
		3569	`> ### postscript`
		3570	`> ### Aliases: ps.options setEPS setPS`
		3571	`> ### Keywords: device`
		3572	`>`
		3573	`> ### ** Examples`
		3574	`>`
		3575	`> ps.options(bg = "pink")`
		3576	`> utils::str(ps.options())`
		3577	`List of 18`
		3578	`$ onefile : logi TRUE`
		3579	`$ family : chr "Helvetica"`
		3580	`$ title : chr "R Graphics Output"`
		3581	`$ fonts : NULL`
		3582	`$ encoding : chr "default"`
		3583	`$ bg : chr "pink"`
		3584	`$ fg : chr "black"`
56942	ripley	3585	`$ width : num 0`
		3586	`$ height : num 0`
56186	murdoch	3587	`$ horizontal : logi TRUE`
		3588	`$ pointsize : num 12`
56942	ripley	3589	`$ paper : chr "default"`
56186	murdoch	3590	`$ pagecentre : logi TRUE`
		3591	`$ print.it : logi FALSE`
		3592	`$ command : chr "default"`
56943	ripley	3593	`$ colormodel : chr "srgb"`
56186	murdoch	3594	`$ useKerning : logi TRUE`
		3595	`$ fillOddEven: logi FALSE`
		3596	`>`
		3597	`> ### ---- error checking of arguments: ----`
61157	ripley	3598	`> ps.options(width = 0:12, onefile = 0, bg = pi)`
56186	murdoch	3599	`Warning: ‘mode(onefile)’ and ‘mode(bg)’ differ between new and previous`
		3600	`==> NOT changing ‘onefile’ & ‘bg’`
		3601	`Warning: ‘length(width)’ differs between new and previous`
		3602	`==> NOT changing ‘width’`
		3603	`> # override the check for 'width', but not 'bg':`
61157	ripley	3604	`> ps.options(width = 0:12, bg = pi, override.check = c(TRUE,FALSE))`
56186	murdoch	3605	`Warning: ‘mode(bg)’ differs between new and previous`
		3606	`==> NOT changing ‘bg’`
		3607	`Warning: ‘length(width)’ differs between new and previous`
		3608	`> utils::str(ps.options())`
		3609	`List of 18`
		3610	`$ onefile : logi TRUE`
		3611	`$ family : chr "Helvetica"`
		3612	`$ title : chr "R Graphics Output"`
		3613	`$ fonts : NULL`
		3614	`$ encoding : chr "default"`
		3615	`$ bg : chr "pink"`
		3616	`$ fg : chr "black"`
		3617	`$ width : int [1:13] 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ...`
56942	ripley	3618	`$ height : num 0`
56186	murdoch	3619	`$ horizontal : logi TRUE`
		3620	`$ pointsize : num 12`
56942	ripley	3621	`$ paper : chr "default"`
56186	murdoch	3622	`$ pagecentre : logi TRUE`
		3623	`$ print.it : logi FALSE`
		3624	`$ command : chr "default"`
56943	ripley	3625	`$ colormodel : chr "srgb"`
56186	murdoch	3626	`$ useKerning : logi TRUE`
		3627	`$ fillOddEven: logi FALSE`
		3628	`> ps.options(reset = TRUE) # back to factory-fresh`
		3629	`>`
		3630	`>`
		3631	`>`
		3632	`> cleanEx()`
75104	maechler	3633	`> nameEx("quartz")`
		3634	`> ### * quartz`
		3635	`>`
		3636	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		3637	`>`
		3638	`> ### Name: quartz`
		3639	`> ### Title: macOS Quartz Device`
		3640	`> ### Aliases: quartz quartz.options quartz.save`
		3641	`> ### Keywords: device`
		3642	`>`
		3643	`> ### ** Examples`
		3644	`> ## Not run:`
		3645	`> ##D ## Only on a Mac,`
		3646	`> ##D ## put something like this is your .Rprofile to customize the defaults`
		3647	`> ##D setHook(packageEvent("grDevices", "onLoad"),`
		3648	`> ##D function(...) grDevices::quartz.options(width = 8, height = 6,`
		3649	`> ##D pointsize = 10))`
		3650	`> ## End(Not run)`
		3651	`>`
		3652	`>`
		3653	`> cleanEx()`
		3654	`> nameEx("quartzFonts")`
		3655	`> ### * quartzFonts`
		3656	`>`
		3657	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		3658	`>`
		3659	`> ### Name: quartzFonts`
		3660	`> ### Title: Quartz Fonts Setup`
		3661	`> ### Aliases: quartzFont quartzFonts`
		3662	`> ### Keywords: device`
		3663	`>`
		3664	`> ### ** Examples`
		3665	`>`
		3666	`> if(.Platform$OS.type == "unix") { # includes Mac`
		3667	`+`
		3668	`+ utils::str( quartzFonts() ) # a list(serif = .., sans = .., mono = ..)`
		3669	`+ quartzFonts("mono") # the list(mono = ..) sublist of quartzFonts()`
		3670	`+ ## Not run:`
		3671	`+ ##D ## for East Asian locales you can use something like`
		3672	`+ ##D quartzFonts(sans = quartzFont(rep("AppleGothic", 4)),`
		3673	`+ ##D serif = quartzFont(rep("AppleMyungjp", 4)))`
		3674	`+ ##D ## since the default fonts may well not have the glyphs needed`
		3675	`+ ## End(Not run)`
		3676	`+ }`
		3677	`List of 3`
		3678	`$ serif: chr [1:4] "Times-Roman" "Times-Bold" "Times-Italic" "Times-BoldItalic"`
		3679	`$ sans : chr [1:4] "Helvetica" "Helvetica-Bold" "Helvetica-Oblique" "Helvetica-BoldOblique"`
		3680	`$ mono : chr [1:4] "Courier" "Courier-Bold" "Courier-Oblique" "Courier-BoldOblique"`
		3681	`$mono`
		3682	`[1] "Courier" "Courier-Bold" "Courier-Oblique"`
		3683	`[4] "Courier-BoldOblique"`
		3684
		3685	`>`
		3686	`>`
		3687	`>`
		3688	`> cleanEx()`
56186	murdoch	3689	`> nameEx("recordGraphics")`
		3690	`> ### * recordGraphics`
		3691	`>`
		3692	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		3693	`>`
		3694	`> ### Name: recordGraphics`
		3695	`> ### Title: Record Graphics Operations`
		3696	`> ### Aliases: recordGraphics`
		3697	`> ### Keywords: device`
		3698	`>`
		3699	`> ### ** Examples`
		3700	`>`
		3701	`> require(graphics)`
		3702	`>`
		3703	`> plot(1:10)`
		3704	`> # This rectangle remains 1inch wide when the device is resized`
		3705	`> recordGraphics(`
		3706	`+ {`
		3707	`+ rect(4, 2,`
		3708	`+ 4 + diff(par("usr")[1:2])/par("pin")[1], 3)`
		3709	`+ },`
		3710	`+ list(),`
		3711	`+ getNamespace("graphics"))`
		3712	`>`
		3713	`>`
		3714	`>`
		3715	`> graphics::par(get("par.postscript", pos = 'CheckExEnv'))`
		3716	`> cleanEx()`
		3717	`> nameEx("rgb")`
		3718	`> ### * rgb`
		3719	`>`
		3720	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		3721	`>`
		3722	`> ### Name: rgb`
		3723	`> ### Title: RGB Color Specification`
		3724	`> ### Aliases: rgb`
		3725	`> ### Keywords: color`
		3726	`>`
		3727	`> ### ** Examples`
		3728	`>`
61169	ripley	3729	`> rgb(0, 1, 0)`
56186	murdoch	3730	`[1] "#00FF00"`
		3731	`>`
61157	ripley	3732	`> rgb((0:15)/15, green = 0, blue = 0, names = paste("red", 0:15, sep = "."))`
56186	murdoch	3733	`red.0 red.1 red.2 red.3 red.4 red.5 red.6 red.7`
		3734	`"#000000" "#110000" "#220000" "#330000" "#440000" "#550000" "#660000" "#770000"`
		3735	`red.8 red.9 red.10 red.11 red.12 red.13 red.14 red.15`
		3736	`"#880000" "#990000" "#AA0000" "#BB0000" "#CC0000" "#DD0000" "#EE0000" "#FF0000"`
		3737	`>`
61169	ripley	3738	`> rgb(0, 0:12, 0, max = 255) # integer input`
56186	murdoch	3739	`[1] "#000000" "#000100" "#000200" "#000300" "#000400" "#000500" "#000600"`
		3740	`[8] "#000700" "#000800" "#000900" "#000A00" "#000B00" "#000C00"`
		3741	`>`
		3742	`> ramp <- colorRamp(c("red", "white"))`
		3743	`> rgb( ramp(seq(0, 1, length = 5)), max = 255)`
		3744	`[1] "#FF0000" "#FF3F3F" "#FF7F7F" "#FFBFBF" "#FFFFFF"`
		3745	`>`
		3746	`>`
		3747	`>`
		3748	`> cleanEx()`
		3749	`> nameEx("rgb2hsv")`
		3750	`> ### * rgb2hsv`
		3751	`>`
		3752	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		3753	`>`
		3754	`> ### Name: rgb2hsv`
		3755	`> ### Title: RGB to HSV Conversion`
		3756	`> ### Aliases: rgb2hsv`
		3757	`> ### Keywords: color dplot`
		3758	`>`
		3759	`> ### ** Examples`
		3760	`>`
		3761	`> ## These (saturated, bright ones) only differ by hue`
		3762	`> (rc <- col2rgb(c("red", "yellow","green","cyan", "blue", "magenta")))`
		3763	`[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6]`
		3764	`red 255 255 0 0 0 255`
		3765	`green 0 255 255 255 0 0`
		3766	`blue 0 0 0 255 255 255`
		3767	`> (hc <- rgb2hsv(rc))`
		3768	`[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6]`
		3769	`h 0 0.1666667 0.3333333 0.5 0.6666667 0.8333333`
		3770	`s 1 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0 1.0000000 1.0000000`
		3771	`v 1 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0 1.0000000 1.0000000`
		3772	`> 6 * hc["h",] # the hues are equispaced`
		3773	`[1] 0 1 2 3 4 5`
		3774	`>`
		3775	`> ## Don't show:`
		3776	`> set.seed(151)`
66943	maechler	3777	`> ## End(Don't show)`
61169	ripley	3778	`> (rgb3 <- floor(256 * matrix(stats::runif(3*12), 3, 12)))`
56186	murdoch	3779	`[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8] [,9] [,10] [,11] [,12]`
		3780	`[1,] 122 137 116 244 20 153 191 250 134 117 27 202`
		3781	`[2,] 221 113 210 200 218 151 64 182 195 103 218 254`
		3782	`[3,] 199 157 88 76 39 91 80 146 22 105 17 239`
		3783	`> (hsv3 <- rgb2hsv(rgb3))`
		3784	`[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7]`
		3785	`h 0.4629630 0.7575758 0.2950820 0.1230159 0.3493266 0.1612903 0.9790026`
		3786	`s 0.4479638 0.2802548 0.5809524 0.6885246 0.9082569 0.4052288 0.6649215`
		3787	`v 0.8666667 0.6156863 0.8235294 0.9568627 0.8549020 0.6000000 0.7490196`
		3788	`[,8] [,9] [,10] [,11] [,12]`
		3789	`h 0.05769231 0.2254335 0.9761905 0.3250415 0.4519231`
		3790	`s 0.41600000 0.8871795 0.1196581 0.9220183 0.2047244`
		3791	`v 0.98039216 0.7647059 0.4588235 0.8549020 0.9960784`
		3792	`> ## Consistency :`
61157	ripley	3793	`> stopifnot(rgb3 == col2rgb(hsv(h = hsv3[1,], s = hsv3[2,], v = hsv3[3,])),`
56186	murdoch	3794	`+ all.equal(hsv3, rgb2hsv(rgb3/255, maxColorValue = 1)))`
		3795	`>`
		3796	`> ## A (simplified) pure R version -- originally by Wolfram Fischer --`
		3797	`> ## showing the exact algorithm:`
		3798	`> rgb2hsvR <- function(rgb, gamma = 1, maxColorValue = 255)`
		3799	`+ {`
		3800	`+ if(!is.numeric(rgb)) stop("rgb matrix must be numeric")`
		3801	`+ d <- dim(rgb)`
		3802	`+ if(d[1] != 3) stop("rgb matrix must have 3 rows")`
		3803	`+ n <- d[2]`
61169	ripley	3804	`+ if(n == 0) return(cbind(c(h = 1, s = 1, v = 1))[,0])`
56186	murdoch	3805	`+ rgb <- rgb/maxColorValue`
		3806	`+ if(gamma != 1) rgb <- rgb ^ (1/gamma)`
		3807	`+`
		3808	`+ ## get the max and min`
		3809	`+ v <- apply( rgb, 2, max)`
		3810	`+ s <- apply( rgb, 2, min)`
		3811	`+ D <- v - s # range`
		3812	`+`
		3813	`+ ## set hue to zero for undefined values (gray has no hue)`
		3814	`+ h <- numeric(n)`
		3815	`+ notgray <- ( s != v )`
		3816	`+`
		3817	`+ ## blue hue`
		3818	`+ idx <- (v == rgb[3,] & notgray )`
		3819	`+ if (any (idx))`
		3820	`+ h[idx] <- 2/3 + 1/6 * (rgb[1,idx] - rgb[2,idx]) / D[idx]`
		3821	`+ ## green hue`
		3822	`+ idx <- (v == rgb[2,] & notgray )`
		3823	`+ if (any (idx))`
		3824	`+ h[idx] <- 1/3 + 1/6 * (rgb[3,idx] - rgb[1,idx]) / D[idx]`
		3825	`+ ## red hue`
		3826	`+ idx <- (v == rgb[1,] & notgray )`
		3827	`+ if (any (idx))`
		3828	`+ h[idx] <- 1/6 * (rgb[2,idx] - rgb[3,idx]) / D[idx]`
		3829	`+`
		3830	`+ ## correct for negative red`
		3831	`+ idx <- (h < 0)`
		3832	`+ h[idx] <- 1+h[idx]`
		3833	`+`
		3834	`+ ## set the saturation`
		3835	`+ s[! notgray] <- 0;`
		3836	`+ s[notgray] <- 1 - s[notgray] / v[notgray]`
		3837	`+`
61157	ripley	3838	`+ rbind( h = h, s = s, v = v )`
56186	murdoch	3839	`+ }`
		3840	`>`
		3841	`> ## confirm the equivalence:`
		3842	`> all.equal(rgb2hsv (rgb3),`
64891	ripley	3843	`+ rgb2hsvR(rgb3), tolerance = 1e-14) # TRUE`
56186	murdoch	3844	`[1] TRUE`
		3845	`>`
		3846	`>`
		3847	`>`
		3848	`> cleanEx()`
		3849	`> nameEx("trans3d")`
		3850	`> ### * trans3d`
		3851	`>`
		3852	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		3853	`>`
		3854	`> ### Name: trans3d`
		3855	`> ### Title: 3D to 2D Transformation for Perspective Plots`
		3856	`> ### Aliases: trans3d`
		3857	`> ### Keywords: dplot`
		3858	`>`
		3859	`> ### ** Examples`
		3860	`>`
		3861	`> ## See help(persp) {after attaching the 'graphics' package}`
		3862	`> ## -----------`
		3863	`>`
		3864	`>`
		3865	`>`
		3866	`> cleanEx()`
75104	maechler	3867	`> nameEx("windows")`
		3868	`> ### * windows`
		3869	`>`
		3870	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		3871	`>`
		3872	`> ### Name: windows`
		3873	`> ### Title: Windows Graphics Devices`
		3874	`> ### Aliases: windows win.graph win.metafile win.print print.SavedPlots`
		3875	`> ### [.SavedPlots`
		3876	`> ### Keywords: device`
		3877	`>`
		3878	`> ### ** Examples`
		3879	`> ## Not run:`
		3880	`> ##D ## A series of plots written to a sequence of metafiles`
		3881	`> ##D if(.Platform$OS.type == "windows")`
		3882	`> ##D win.metafile("Rplot%02d.wmf", pointsize = 10)`
		3883	`> ## End(Not run)`
		3884	`>`
		3885	`>`
		3886	`> cleanEx()`
		3887	`> nameEx("windows.options")`
		3888	`> ### * windows.options`
		3889	`>`
		3890	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		3891	`>`
		3892	`> ### Name: windows.options`
		3893	`> ### Title: Auxiliary Function to Set/View Defaults for Arguments of`
		3894	`> ### windows()`
		3895	`> ### Aliases: windows.options`
		3896	`> ### Keywords: device`
		3897	`>`
		3898	`> ### ** Examples`
		3899	`> ## Not run:`
		3900	`> ##D ## put something like this is your .Rprofile to customize the defaults`
		3901	`> ##D setHook(packageEvent("grDevices", "onLoad"),`
		3902	`> ##D function(...)`
		3903	`> ##D grDevices::windows.options(width = 8, height = 6,`
		3904	`> ##D xpos = 0, pointsize = 10,`
		3905	`> ##D bitmap.aa.win = "cleartype"))`
		3906	`> ## End(Not run)`
		3907	`>`
		3908	`>`
		3909	`> cleanEx()`
		3910	`> nameEx("windowsFonts")`
		3911	`> ### * windowsFonts`
		3912	`>`
		3913	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		3914	`>`
		3915	`> ### Name: windowsFonts`
		3916	`> ### Title: Windows Fonts`
		3917	`> ### Aliases: windowsFont windowsFonts`
		3918	`> ### Keywords: device`
		3919	`>`
		3920	`> ### ** Examples`
		3921	`>`
		3922	`> if(.Platform$OS.type == "windows") withAutoprint({`
		3923	`+ windowsFonts()`
		3924	`+ windowsFonts("mono")`
		3925	`+ })`
		3926	`> ## Not run:`
		3927	`> ##D ## set up for Japanese: needs the fonts installed`
		3928	`> ##D windows() # make sure we have the right device type (available on Windows only)`
		3929	`> ##D Sys.setlocale("LC_ALL", "ja")`
		3930	`> ##D windowsFonts(JP1 = windowsFont("MS Mincho"),`
		3931	`> ##D JP2 = windowsFont("MS Gothic"),`
		3932	`> ##D JP3 = windowsFont("Arial Unicode MS"))`
		3933	`> ##D plot(1:10)`
		3934	`> ##D text(5, 2, "\u{4E10}\u{4E00}\u{4E01}", family = "JP1")`
		3935	`> ##D text(7, 2, "\u{4E10}\u{4E00}\u{4E01}", family = "JP1", font = 2)`
		3936	`> ##D text(5, 1.5, "\u{4E10}\u{4E00}\u{4E01}", family = "JP2")`
		3937	`> ##D text(9, 2, "\u{5100}", family = "JP3")`
		3938	`> ## End(Not run)`
		3939	`>`
		3940	`>`
		3941	`> cleanEx()`
		3942	`> nameEx("x11")`
		3943	`> ### * x11`
		3944	`>`
		3945	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		3946	`>`
		3947	`> ### Name: x11`
		3948	`> ### Title: X Window System Graphics (X11)`
		3949	`> ### Aliases: x11 X11 X11.options`
		3950	`> ### Keywords: device`
		3951	`>`
		3952	`> ### ** Examples`
		3953	`> ## Not run:`
		3954	`> ##D if(.Platform$OS.type == "unix") { # Only on unix-alikes, possibly Mac,`
		3955	`> ##D ## put something like this is your .Rprofile to customize the defaults`
		3956	`> ##D setHook(packageEvent("grDevices", "onLoad"),`
		3957	`> ##D function(...) grDevices::X11.options(width = 8, height = 6, xpos = 0,`
		3958	`> ##D pointsize = 10))`
		3959	`> ##D }`
		3960	`> ## End(Not run)`
		3961	`>`
		3962	`>`
		3963	`> cleanEx()`
		3964	`> nameEx("x11Fonts")`
		3965	`> ### * x11Fonts`
		3966	`>`
		3967	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		3968	`>`
		3969	`> ### Name: X11Fonts`
		3970	`> ### Title: X11 Fonts`
		3971	`> ### Aliases: X11Font X11Fonts`
		3972	`> ### Keywords: device`
		3973	`>`
		3974	`> ### ** Examples`
		3975	`>`
75266	ripley	3976	`> ## IGNORE_RDIFF_BEGIN`
75124	ripley	3977	`> if(capabilities()[["X11"]]) withAutoprint({`
		3978	`+ X11Fonts()`
		3979	`+ X11Fonts("mono")`
		3980	`+ utopia <- X11Font("--utopia------------*")`
		3981	`+ X11Fonts(utopia = utopia)`
		3982	`+ })`
77438	murrell	3983	`> X11Fonts()`
		3984	`$serif`
		3985	`[1] "--times-%s-%s---%d-------"`
		3986
		3987	`$sans`
		3988	`[1] "--helvetica-%s-%s---%d-------"`
		3989
		3990	`$mono`
		3991	`[1] "--courier-%s-%s---%d-------"`
		3992
		3993	`$Times`
		3994	`[1] "-adobe-times-%s-%s---%d-------*"`
		3995
		3996	`$Helvetica`
		3997	`[1] "-adobe-helvetica-%s-%s---%d-------*"`
		3998
		3999	`$CyrTimes`
		4000	`[1] "-cronyx-times-%s-%s---%d-------*"`
		4001
		4002	`$CyrHelvetica`
		4003	`[1] "-cronyx-helvetica-%s-%s---%d-------*"`
		4004
		4005	`$Arial`
		4006	`[1] "-monotype-arial-%s-%s---%d-------*"`
		4007
		4008	`$Mincho`
		4009	`[1] "--mincho-%s-%s---%d-------"`
		4010
		4011	`> X11Fonts("mono")`
		4012	`$mono`
		4013	`[1] "--courier-%s-%s---%d-------"`
		4014
		4015	`> utopia <- X11Font("--utopia------------*")`
		4016	`> X11Fonts(utopia = utopia)`
75266	ripley	4017	`> ## IGNORE_RDIFF_END`
75104	maechler	4018	`>`
		4019	`>`
		4020	`>`
		4021	`> cleanEx()`
56186	murdoch	4022	`> nameEx("xy.coords")`
		4023	`> ### * xy.coords`
		4024	`>`
		4025	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		4026	`>`
		4027	`> ### Name: xy.coords`
		4028	`> ### Title: Extracting Plotting Structures`
		4029	`> ### Aliases: xy.coords`
		4030	`> ### Keywords: dplot`
		4031	`>`
		4032	`> ### ** Examples`
		4033	`>`
70533	maechler	4034	`> ff <- stats::fft(1:9)`
		4035	`> xy.coords(ff)`
56186	murdoch	4036	`$x`
		4037	`[1] 45.0 -4.5 -4.5 -4.5 -4.5 -4.5 -4.5 -4.5 -4.5`
		4038
		4039	`$y`
		4040	`[1] 0.0000000 12.3636484 5.3628912 2.5980762 0.7934714 -0.7934714`
		4041	`[7] -2.5980762 -5.3628912 -12.3636484`
		4042
		4043	`$xlab`
		4044	`[1] "Re()"`
		4045
		4046	`$ylab`
		4047	`[1] "Im()"`
		4048
70533	maechler	4049	`> xy.coords(ff, xlab = "fft") # labels "Re(fft)", "Im(fft)"`
		4050	`$x`
		4051	`[1] 45.0 -4.5 -4.5 -4.5 -4.5 -4.5 -4.5 -4.5 -4.5`
		4052
		4053	`$y`
		4054	`[1] 0.0000000 12.3636484 5.3628912 2.5980762 0.7934714 -0.7934714`
		4055	`[7] -2.5980762 -5.3628912 -12.3636484`
		4056
		4057	`$xlab`
		4058	`[1] "Re(fft)"`
		4059
		4060	`$ylab`
		4061	`[1] "Im(fft)"`
		4062
		4063	`> ## Don't show:`
		4064	`> stopifnot(identical(xy.coords(ff, xlab = "fft"),`
		4065	`+ xy.coords(ff, ylab = "fft")))`
		4066	`> xy.labs <- function(...) xy.coords(...)[c("xlab","ylab")]`
		4067	`> stopifnot(identical(xy.labs(ff, xlab = "fft", setLab = FALSE),`
		4068	`+ list(xlab = "fft", ylab = "fft")),`
		4069	`+ identical(xy.labs(ff, ylab = "fft", setLab = FALSE),`
		4070	`+ list(xlab = NULL, ylab = "fft")),`
		4071	`+ identical(xy.labs(ff, xlab = "Re(fft)", ylab = "Im(fft)", setLab = FALSE),`
		4072	`+ list(xlab = "Re(fft)", ylab = "Im(fft)")))`
		4073	`> ## End(Don't show)`
56186	murdoch	4074	`> with(cars, xy.coords(dist ~ speed, NULL)$xlab ) # = "speed"`
		4075	`[1] "speed"`
		4076	`>`
70533	maechler	4077	`> xy.coords(1:3, 1:2, recycle = TRUE) # otherwise error "lengths differ"`
56186	murdoch	4078	`$x`
		4079	`[1] 1 2 3`
		4080
		4081	`$y`
		4082	`[1] 1 2 1`
		4083
		4084	`$xlab`
		4085	`NULL`
		4086
		4087	`$ylab`
		4088	`NULL`
		4089
70533	maechler	4090	`> xy.coords(-2:10, log = "y")`
		4091	`Warning in xy.coords(-2:10, log = "y") :`
56186	murdoch	4092	`3 y values <= 0 omitted from logarithmic plot`
		4093	`$x`
		4094	`[1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13`
		4095
		4096	`$y`
		4097	`[1] NA NA NA 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10`
		4098
		4099	`$xlab`
		4100	`[1] "Index"`
		4101
		4102	`$ylab`
		4103	`NULL`
		4104
70533	maechler	4105	`> ##> xlab: "Index" \\ warning: 3 y values <= 0 omitted ..`
56186	murdoch	4106	`>`
		4107	`>`
		4108	`>`
		4109	`> cleanEx()`
		4110	`> nameEx("xyTable")`
		4111	`> ### * xyTable`
		4112	`>`
		4113	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		4114	`>`
		4115	`> ### Name: xyTable`
		4116	`> ### Title: Multiplicities of (x,y) Points, e.g., for a Sunflower Plot`
		4117	`> ### Aliases: xyTable`
		4118	`> ### Keywords: dplot`
		4119	`>`
		4120	`> ### ** Examples`
		4121	`>`
61169	ripley	4122	`> xyTable(iris[, 3:4], digits = 6)`
56186	murdoch	4123	`$x`
		4124	`[1] 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7`
		4125	`[19] 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.9 3.0 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1`
		4126	`[37] 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7`
		4127	`[55] 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.2`
		4128	`[73] 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.9`
		4129	`[91] 5.9 6.0 6.0 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.3 6.4 6.6 6.7 6.7 6.9`
		4130
		4131	`$y`
		4132	`[1] 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.3`
		4133	`[19] 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.4 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.3`
		4134	`[37] 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6`
		4135	`[55] 1.4 1.8 1.5 1.8 2.0 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.0 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.3 2.4 2.0 2.3`
		4136	`[73] 1.9 2.3 2.1 2.3 1.8 2.1 1.4 1.8 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.1 2.3 2.5 1.6 1.8 2.2 2.1`
		4137	`[91] 2.3 1.8 2.5 1.9 2.3 2.5 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.3`
		4138
		4139	`$number`
		4140	`[1] 1 1 2 4 2 1 2 8 3 2 7 1 3 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 2 1`
		4141	`[38] 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1`
		4142	`[75] 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1`
		4143
		4144	`>`
		4145	`> ## Discretized uncorrelated Gaussian:`
		4146	`> ## Don't show:`
		4147	`> set.seed(1)`
66943	maechler	4148	`> ## End(Don't show)`
56186	murdoch	4149	`> require(stats)`
		4150	`> xy <- data.frame(x = round(sort(rnorm(100))), y = rnorm(100))`
		4151	`> xyTable(xy, digits = 1)`
		4152	`$x`
		4153	`[1] -2 -2 -2 -2 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0`
		4154	`[26] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1`
		4155	`[51] 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2`
		4156
		4157	`$y`
		4158	`[1] -0.90 -0.60 0.04 0.20 -0.70 -0.60 -0.50 -0.40 -0.30 -0.20 -0.10 0.40`
		4159	`[13] 0.50 0.70 0.90 1.00 2.00 -2.00 -1.00 -0.90 -0.80 -0.70 -0.60 -0.50`
		4160	`[25] -0.30 -0.20 -0.07 -0.06 -0.04 -0.02 0.02 0.06 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.70`
		4161	`[37] 0.90 1.00 2.00 -1.00 -0.90 -0.80 -0.70 -0.40 -0.30 -0.20 -0.10 -0.08`
		4162	`[49] -0.03 0.10 0.20 0.40 0.50 0.80 1.00 2.00 -1.00 -0.40 0.40 1.00`
		4163
		4164	`$number`
		4165	`[1] 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 4 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 5 5 1 1 2 3 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 3`
		4166	`[39] 3 3 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 4 2 3 1 1 1`
		4167
		4168	`>`
		4169	`>`
		4170	`>`
		4171	`> cleanEx()`
		4172	`> nameEx("xyz.coords")`
		4173	`> ### * xyz.coords`
		4174	`>`
		4175	`> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())`
		4176	`>`
		4177	`> ### Name: xyz.coords`
		4178	`> ### Title: Extracting Plotting Structures`
		4179	`> ### Aliases: xyz.coords`
		4180	`> ### Keywords: dplot`
		4181	`>`
		4182	`> ### ** Examples`
		4183	`>`
		4184	`> xyz.coords(data.frame(10*1:9, -4), y = NULL, z = NULL)`
		4185	`$x`
		4186	`[1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9`
		4187
		4188	`$y`
		4189	`[1] 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90`
		4190
		4191	`$z`
		4192	`[1] -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4`
		4193
		4194	`$xlab`
		4195	`[1] "Index"`
		4196
		4197	`$ylab`
		4198	`NULL`
		4199
		4200	`$zlab`
		4201	`NULL`
		4202
		4203	`>`
		4204	`> xyz.coords(1:5, stats::fft(1:5), z = NULL, xlab = "X", ylab = "Y")`
		4205	`$x`
		4206	`[1] 15.0 -2.5 -2.5 -2.5 -2.5`
		4207
		4208	`$y`
		4209	`[1] 0.0000000 3.4409548 0.8122992 -0.8122992 -3.4409548`
		4210
		4211	`$z`
		4212	`[1] 1 2 3 4 5`
		4213
		4214	`$xlab`
		4215	`[1] "Re(Y)"`
		4216
		4217	`$ylab`
		4218	`[1] "Im(Y)"`
		4219
		4220	`$zlab`
		4221	`[1] "X"`
		4222
		4223	`>`
		4224	`> y <- 2 * (x2 <- 10 + (x1 <- 1:10))`
		4225	`> xyz.coords(y ~ x1 + x2, y = NULL, z = NULL)`
		4226	`$x`
		4227	`[1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10`
		4228
		4229	`$y`
		4230	`[1] 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20`
		4231
		4232	`$z`
		4233	`[1] 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40`
		4234
		4235	`$xlab`
		4236	`[1] "x1"`
		4237
		4238	`$ylab`
		4239	`[1] "x2"`
		4240
		4241	`$zlab`
		4242	`[1] "y"`
		4243
		4244	`>`
		4245	`> xyz.coords(data.frame(x = -1:9, y = 2:12, z = 3:13), y = NULL, z = NULL,`
		4246	`+ log = "xy")`
		4247	`Warning in xyz.coords(data.frame(x = -1:9, y = 2:12, z = 3:13), y = NULL, :`
		4248	`2 x values <= 0 omitted from logarithmic plot`
		4249	`$x`
		4250	`[1] NA NA 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9`
		4251
		4252	`$y`
		4253	`[1] 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12`
		4254
		4255	`$z`
		4256	`[1] 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13`
		4257
		4258	`$xlab`
		4259	`[1] "x"`
		4260
		4261	`$ylab`
		4262	`[1] "y"`
		4263
		4264	`$zlab`
		4265	`[1] "z"`
		4266
		4267	`> ##> Warning message: 2 x values <= 0 omitted ...`
		4268	`>`
		4269	`>`
		4270	`>`
		4271	`> ### * <FOOTER>`
		4272	`> ###`
73819	hornik	4273	`> cleanEx()`
62439	ripley	4274	`> options(digits = 7L)`
61787	ripley	4275	`> base::cat("Time elapsed: ", proc.time() - base::get("ptime", pos = 'CheckExEnv'),"\n")`
77448	maechler	4276	`Time elapsed: 6.49 0.237 6.812 0 0`
56186	murdoch	4277	`> grDevices::dev.off()`
		4278	`null device`
		4279	`1`
		4280	`> ###`
		4281	`> ### Local variables: ***`
		4282	`> ### mode: outline-minor ***`
		4283	`> ### outline-regexp: "\$> \$?### []+" **`
		4284	`> ### End: ***`
		4285	`> quit('no')`

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(root)/trunk/tests/Examples/grDevices-Ex.Rout.save – Rev 77458