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\alias{substr<-}
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\alias{substr<-}
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\alias{substring<-}
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\alias{substring<-}
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\title{Substrings of a Character Vector}
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\title{Substrings of a Character Vector}
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\usage{
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\usage{
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substr(x, start, stop)
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substr(x, start, stop)
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substring(text, first, last = 1000000L)
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substring(text, first, last = NULL)
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substr(x, start, stop) <- value
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substr(x, start, stop) <- value
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substring(text, first, last = 1000000L) <- value
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substring(text, first, last = NULL) <- value
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}
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}
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\arguments{
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\arguments{
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  \item{x, text}{a character vector.}
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  \item{x, text}{a character vector.}
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  \item{start, first}{integer.  The first character to be extracted or replaced.}
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  \item{start, first}{integer.  The first character to be extracted or replaced.}
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  \item{stop, last}{integer.  The last character to be extracted or replaced.}
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  \item{stop, last}{integer or NULL.  The last character to be extracted or replaced.}
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  \item{value}{a character vector, recycled if necessary.}
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  \item{value}{a character vector, recycled if necessary.}
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}
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}
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\description{
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\description{
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  Extract or replace substrings in a character vector.
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  Extract or replace substrings in a character vector.
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}
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}
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  When extracting, if \code{start} is larger than the string length then
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  When extracting, if \code{start} is larger than the string length then
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  \code{""} is returned. If \code{stop} is larger than the string length
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  \code{""} is returned. If \code{stop} is larger than the string length
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  then the portion until the end of the string is returned.
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  then the portion until the end of the string is returned.
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  If \code{stop} is \code{NULL}, \code{substr} will return substrings of
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  \code{x} from \code{start} to the end of each string in \code{x}.
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  For the extraction functions, \code{x} or \code{text} will be
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  For the extraction functions, \code{x} or \code{text} will be
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  converted to a character vector by \code{\link{as.character}} if it is not
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  converted to a character vector by \code{\link{as.character}} if it is not
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  already one.
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  already one.
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  For the replacement functions, if \code{start} is larger than the
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  For the replacement functions, if \code{start} is larger than the