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  \code{\link{sub}} and \code{gsub} will give a marked UTF-8 result if
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  \code{\link{sub}} and \code{gsub} will give a marked UTF-8 result if
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  any of the inputs are UTF-8.
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  any of the inputs are UTF-8.
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  \code{\link{paste}} and \code{\link{sprintf}} return elements marked
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  \code{\link{paste}} and \code{\link{sprintf}} return elements marked
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  as bytes if any of the corresponding inputs is marked as bytes, and
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  as bytes if any of the corresponding inputs is marked as bytes, and
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  otherwise marked as UTF-8 of any of the inputs is marked as UTF-8.
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  otherwise marked as UTF-8 if any of the inputs is marked as UTF-8.
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  \code{\link{match}}, \code{\link{pmatch}}, \code{\link{charmatch}},
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  \code{\link{match}}, \code{\link{pmatch}}, \code{\link{charmatch}},
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  \code{\link{duplicated}} and \code{\link{unique}} all match in UTF-8
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  \code{\link{duplicated}} and \code{\link{unique}} all match in UTF-8
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  if any of the elements are marked as UTF-8.
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  if any of the elements are marked as UTF-8.
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  \code{enc2native} in UTF-8 and Latin-1 locales.
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  \code{enc2native} in UTF-8 and Latin-1 locales.
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}
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}
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\examples{
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\examples{
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## x is intended to be in latin1
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## x is intended to be in latin1
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x. <- x <- "fa\xE7ile"
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x. <- x <- "fa\xE7ile"
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Encoding(x.) # "unknown" (Linux) | "latin-1" (Win 32 server) | ....
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Encoding(x.) # "unknown" (Linux) | "latin1" (Win 32 server) | ....
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Encoding(x) <- "latin1"
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Encoding(x) <- "latin1"
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x
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x
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xx <- iconv(x, "latin1", "UTF-8")
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xx <- iconv(x, "latin1", "UTF-8")
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Encoding(c(x., x, xx))
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Encoding(c(x., x, xx))
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c(x, xx)
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c(x, xx)