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  \item{x}{A character vector.}
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  \item{x}{A character vector.}
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  \item{value}{A character vector of positive length.}
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  \item{value}{A character vector of positive length.}
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}
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}
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\details{
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\details{
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  Character strings in \R can be declared to be in \code{"latin1"} or
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  Character strings in \R can be declared to be in \code{"latin1"} or
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  \code{"UTF-8"}.  These declarations can be read by \code{Encoding},
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  \code{"UTF-8"} or \code{"bytes"}.  These declarations can be read by
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  which will return a character vector of values \code{"latin1"},
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  \code{Encoding}, which will return a character vector of values
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  \code{"UTF-8"} or \code{"unknown"}, or set, when \code{value} is
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  \code{"latin1"}, \code{"UTF-8"} \code{"bytes"} or \code{"unknown"}, or
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  recycled as needed and other values are silently treated as
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  set, when \code{value} is recycled as needed and other values are
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  \code{"unknown"}.  ASCII strings will never be marked with a declared
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  silently treated as \code{"unknown"}.  ASCII strings will never be
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  encoding, since their representation is the same in all supported encodings.
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  marked with a declared encoding, since their representation is the
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  same in all supported encodings.  Strings marked as \code{"bytes"} are
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  intended to be non-ASCII strings which should be manipulated as bytes,
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  and never converted to a character encoding.
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  \code{enc2native} and \code{enc2utf8} convert elements of character
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  \code{enc2native} and \code{enc2utf8} convert elements of character
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  vectors to the native encoding or UTF-8 respectively, taking any
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  vectors to the native encoding or UTF-8 respectively, taking any
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  marked encoding into account.  They are \link{primitive} functions,
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  marked encoding into account.  They are \link{primitive} functions,
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  designed to do minimal copying.
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  designed to do minimal copying.