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R version 2.6.0 Under development (unstable) (2007-05-26 r41715)
Copyright (C) 2007 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing
ISBN 3-900051-07-0

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> ### This file has two purposes:
> 
> # 1) to provide a check that these errors/warnings get a sensible context.
> # 2) to allow translators to see their work in action.
> 
> ### Initially it is concentrating on primitives.
> ### There are error messages that cannot nowadays be invoked or
> ### could only be invoked by calling .Internals directly.
> 
> options(error=expression())
> 
> ## arithmetic.c
> `+`(1,2,3)
Error in "+"(1, 2, 3) : operator needs one or two arguments
> pi + "foo"
Error in pi + "foo" : non-numeric argument to binary operator
> matrix(1:6,2,3) + matrix(1:6,3,2)
Error in matrix(1:6, 2, 3) + matrix(1:6, 3, 2) : non-conformable arrays
> !"foo"
Error in !"foo" : invalid argument type
> `/`(1L)
Error in "/"(1L) : invalid unary operator
> `/`(pi)
Error in "/"(pi) : invalid unary operator
> `/`(pi+1i)
Error in "/"(pi + (0+1i)) : invalid complex unary operator
> sin("foo")
Error in sin("foo") : Non-numeric argument to mathematical function
> trunc(pi+1i)
Error in trunc(pi + (0+1i)) : unimplemented complex function
> atan(2,3)
Error in atan(2, 3) : 2 arguments passed to 'atan' which requires 1
> round(pi, integer(0))
Error in round(x, digits) : invalid second argument of length 0
> log(pi, integer(0))
Error in log(x, base) : invalid argument 'base' of length 0
> log(pi, 10, 1)
Error in log(pi, 10, 1) : unused argument(s) (1)
> 1:3+1:4
[1] 2 4 6 5
Warning message:
In 1:3 + 1:4 :
  longer object length is not a multiple of shorter object length
> 1e9L*1e9L
[1] NA
Warning message:
In 1000000000L * 1000000000L : NAs produced by integer overflow
> 
> ## array.c
> matrix(1:6,2,3, byrow="foo")
Error in matrix(1:6, 2, 3, byrow = "foo") : invalid 'byrow' value
> matrix(1:6,NA,3)
Error in matrix(1:6, NA, 3) : invalid 'nrow' value (too large or NA)
> matrix(1:6,2,NA)
Error in matrix(1:6, 2, NA) : invalid 'ncol' value (too large or NA)
> matrix(1:6,-1,3)
Error in matrix(1:6, -1, 3) : invalid 'nrow' value (< 0)
> matrix(1:6,2,-1)
Error in matrix(1:6, 2, -1) : invalid 'ncol' value (< 0)
> matrix(NA_real_, 2^17, 2^16)
Error in matrix(NA_real_, 2^17, 2^16) : too many elements specified
> row(1)
Error in row(1) : a matrix is required as argument to 'row/col'
> "foo" %*% pi
Error in "foo" %*% pi : requires numeric matrix/vector arguments
> aperm(pi)
Error in aperm(pi) : invalid first argument, must be an array
> aperm(matrix(1:6,3.2), 3:1)
Error in aperm(matrix(1:6, 3.2), 3:1) : 'perm' is of wrong length
> aperm(matrix(1:6,3.2), 3:2)
Error in aperm(matrix(1:6, 3.2), 3:2) : value out of range in 'perm'
> aperm(matrix(1:6,3.2), rep(1,1))
Error in aperm(matrix(1:6, 3.2), rep(1, 1)) : 'perm' is of wrong length
> colSums(as.matrix(letters))
Error in colSums(as.matrix(letters)) : 'x' must be numeric
> colSums(matrix(1:6,3.2), na.rm = NA)
Error in colSums(matrix(1:6, 3.2), na.rm = NA) : invalid value of 'na.rm'
> 
> ## attrib.c
> attr(NULL, "foo") <- pi
Error in attr(NULL, "foo") <- pi : invalid (NULL) left side of assignment
> attr(pi, "tsp") <- 1
Error in attr(pi, "tsp") <- 1 : 
  'tsp' attribute must be numeric of length three
> x <- numeric(0)
> attr(x, "tsp") <- 1:3
Error in attr(x, "tsp") <- 1:3 : 
  cannot assign 'tsp' to zero-length vector
> comment(x) <- pi
Error in `comment<-`(`*tmp*`, value = 3.14159265358979) : 
  attempt to set invalid 'comment' attribute
> oldClass(pi) <- "factor"
Error in oldClass(pi) <- "factor" : 
  adding class "factor" to an invalid object
> dimnames(pi) <- 1:3
Error in dimnames(pi) <- 1:3 : 'dimnames' applied to non-array
> A <- matrix(1:6, 2, 3)
> dimnames(A) <- list(letters)
Error in dimnames(A) <- list(letters) : 
  length of 'dimnames' [1] must match that of 'dims' [2]
> dimnames(A) <- list(letters, NULL)
Error in dimnames(A) <- list(letters, NULL) : 
  length of 'dimnames' [1] not equal to array extent
> dim(A) <- pi
Error in dim(A) <- pi : 
  dims [product 3] do not match the length of object [6]
> dim(A) <- character(0)
Error in dim(A) <- character(0) : length-0 dimension vector is invalid
> dim(A) <- y ~ x
Error in dim(A) <- y ~ x : invalid second argument
> attr(A, 1, 2, 3)
Error in attr(A, 1, 2, 3) : either 2 or 3 arguments are required
> attr(A, pi)
Error in attr(A, pi) : 'which' must be of mode character
> attr(A, letters)
Error in attr(A, letters) : exactly one attribute 'which' must be given
> attr(A, pi) <- pi
Error in attr(A, pi) <- pi : 'name' must be non-null character string
> attr(A, NA_character_) <- pi
Error in attr(A, NA_character_) <- pi : 
  'name' must be non-null character string
> 
> ## bind.c
> unlist(y ~ x)
Error in unlist(y ~ x) : argument not a list
> c(pi, recursive=TRUE, recursive=FALSE)
Error in c(pi, recursive = TRUE, recursive = FALSE) : 
  repeated formal argument 'recursive'
> c(list(), use.names=FALSE, use.names=TRUE)
Error in c(list(), use.names = FALSE, use.names = TRUE) : 
  repeated formal argument 'use.names'
> cbind(expression(pi), pi)
Error in cbind(expression(pi), pi) : 
  cannot create a matrix from these types
> cbind(1:3, 1:4)
     [,1] [,2]
[1,]    1    1
[2,]    2    2
[3,]    3    3
[4,]    1    4
Warning message:
In cbind(1:3, 1:4) :
  number of rows of result is not a multiple of vector length (arg 1)
> rbind(1:3, 1:4)
     [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]
[1,]    1    2    3    1
[2,]    1    2    3    4
Warning message:
In rbind(1:3, 1:4) :
  number of columns of result is not a multiple of vector length (arg 1)
> cbind(matrix(1:6,2,3), matrix(1:6,3,2))
Error in cbind(matrix(1:6, 2, 3), matrix(1:6, 3, 2)) : 
  number of rows of matrices must match (see arg 2)
> rbind(matrix(1:6,2,3), matrix(1:6,3,2))
Error in rbind(matrix(1:6, 2, 3), matrix(1:6, 3, 2)) : 
  number of columns of matrices must match (see arg 2)
> 
> ## builtin.c
> cat(letters, fill = -3)
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y zWarning message:
In cat(letters, fill = -3) : non-positive 'fill' argument will be ignored
> cat(letters, sep=pi)
Error in cat(letters, sep = pi) : invalid 'sep' specification
> cat(letters, fill=3, labels=1:10)
Error in cat(letters, fill = 3, labels = 1:10) : 
  invalid 'labels' argument
> cat(letters, append=NA)
Error in cat(letters, append = NA) : invalid 'append' specification
> cat(y ~ x)
Error in cat(list(...), file, sep, fill, labels, append) : 
  argument 1 (type 'language') cannot be handled by 'cat'
> vector(character(0), 0)
Error in vector(character(0), 0) : vector: zero-length 'type' argument
> vector("language", 0)
Error in vector("language", 0) : 
  vector: cannot make a vector of mode "language".
> a <- y ~ x
> length(a) <- 5
Error in length(a) <- 5 : invalid argument
> x <- pi
> length(x) <- 1:3
Error in length(x) <- 1:3 : invalid value
> length(x) <- NA
Error in length(x) <- NA : vector size cannot be NA
> switch(1:3)
Error in switch(1:3) : switch: EXPR must return a length 1 vector
> delayedAssign(pi, "foo")
Error in delayedAssign(pi, "foo") : invalid first argument
> on.exit(ls(), add=NA_real_)
Error in on.exit(ls(), add = NA_real_) : invalid 'add' argument
> on.exit(ls(), add=NA)
Error in on.exit(ls(), add = NA) : invalid 'add' argument
> on.exit(1,2,3)
Error in on.exit(1, 2, 3) : invalid number of arguments
> x <- new.env()
> parent.env(x) <- emptyenv()
> parent.env(x) <- pi
Error in `parent.env<-`(`*tmp*`, value = 3.14159265358979) : 
  'parent' is not an environment
> parent.env(pi) <- pi
Error in `parent.env<-`(`*tmp*`, value = 3.14159265358979) : 
  argument is not an environment
> 
> ## character.c
> nchar(letters, type="")
Error in nchar(letters, type = "") : invalid 'type' argument
> nchar(letters, type=pi)
Error in nchar(letters, type = pi) : invalid 'type' argument
> substr("foo", integer(0), 1)
Error in substr("foo", integer(0), 1) : invalid substring argument(s)
> x <- pi
> substr(x, integer(0), 1) <- pi
Error in `substr<-`(`*tmp*`, integer(0), 1, value = 3.14159265358979) : 
  replacing substrings in a non-character object
> x <- "foo"
> substr(x, integer(0), 1) <- pi
Error in `substr<-`(`*tmp*`, integer(0), 1, value = 3.14159265358979) : 
  invalid substring argument(s)
> substr(x, 1, 1) <- pi
Error in `substr<-`(`*tmp*`, 1, 1, value = 3.14159265358979) : 
  invalid value
> unlist(strsplit("a.b.c", "[.", perl = TRUE))
Error in strsplit("a.b.c", "[.", perl = TRUE) : 
  invalid split pattern '[.'
> make.names("pi", allow_ = NA)
Error in make.names("pi", allow_ = NA) : invalid value of 'allow_'
> grep(character(0), letters)
Error in grep(character(0), letters) : invalid argument
> grep("[.", letters)
Error in grep("[.", letters) : invalid regular expression '[.'
> grep("[.", letters, perl = TRUE)
Error in grep("[.", letters, perl = TRUE) : 
  invalid regular expression '[.'
> sub("ab", "\\1", "abc")
Error in sub("ab", "\\1", "abc") : 
  invalid backreference 1 in regular expression
> sub("", "aa", "abc", fixed=TRUE)
Error in sub("", "aa", "abc", fixed = TRUE) : zero-length pattern
> x <- "MiXeD cAsE 123"
> chartr("c-aX", "D-Fw", x)
Error in chartr("c-aX", "D-Fw", x) : 
  decreasing range specification ('c-a')
> chartr(NA_character_, "D-Fw", x)
Error in chartr(NA_character_, "D-Fw", x) : invalid (NA) arguments.
> chartr("ab", "c", x)
Error in chartr("ab", "c", x) : 'old' is longer than 'new'
> charToRaw(pi)
Error in charToRaw(pi) : argument must be a character vector of length 1
> charToRaw(letters)
[1] 61
Warning message:
In charToRaw(letters) :
  argument should be a character vector of length 1
all but the first element will be ignored
> rawToChar(pi)
Error in rawToChar(pi) : argument 'x' must be a raw vector
> rawToChar(as.raw(10), multiple=NA)
Error in rawToChar(as.raw(10), multiple = NA) : 
  argument 'multiple' must be TRUE or FALSE
> rawShift(pi, 1)
Error in rawShift(pi, 1) : argument 'x' must be a raw vector
> rawShift(as.raw(10), -20)
Error in rawShift(as.raw(10), -20) : 
  argument 'shift' must be a small integer
> rawToBits(pi)
Error in rawToBits(pi) : argument 'x' must be a raw vector
> intToBits(pi)
Error in intToBits(pi) : argument 'x' must be a integer vector
> strtrim(paste(letters, collapse="+"), width = -10)
Error in strtrim(paste(letters, collapse = "+"), width = -10) : 
  invalid 'width' argument
> 
> ## coerce.c
> as.vector(pi, pi)
Error in as.vector(x, mode) : invalid argument 'mode'
> as.function(pi)
Error in as.function.default(x, envir) : list argument expected
> as.function(list(), NULL)
Error in as.function.default(list(), NULL) : 
  use of NULL environment is defunct
> as.function(list(), pi)
Error in as.function.default(x, envir) : invalid environment
> as.function(list(a=1, ls))
Error in as.function.default(x, envir) : invalid body for function
> as.call(NULL)
Error in as.call(NULL) : invalid argument list
> as.call(expression())
Error in as.call(expression()) : invalid length 0 argument
> is.na(y ~ x)
[1] FALSE FALSE FALSE
Warning message:
In is.na(y ~ x) :
  is.na() applied to non-(list or vector) of type 'language'
> is.nan(y ~ x)
[1] FALSE FALSE FALSE
Warning message:
In is.nan(y ~ x) :
  is.nan() applied to non-(list or vector) of type 'language'
> call(ls)
Error in call(ls) : first argument must be a character string
> do.call("ls", pi)
Error in do.call("ls", pi) : second argument must be a list
> do.call(y~x, list())
Error in do.call(y ~ x, list()) : 
  first argument must be a character string or a function
> do.call("ls", list(), envir=pi)
Error in do.call("ls", list(), envir = pi) : 
  'envir' must be an environment
> substitute(2+4, pi)
Error in substitute(2 + 4, pi) : invalid environment specified
> x <- pi
> storage.mode(x) <- pi
Error in storage.mode(x) <- pi : 
  'value' must be non-null character string
> storage.mode(x) <- "real"
Warning message:
In storage.mode(x) <- "real" :
  use of 'real' is deprecated: use 'double' instead
> storage.mode(x) <- "single"
Warning message:
In storage.mode(x) <- "single" :
  use of 'single' is deprecated: use mode<- instead
> storage.mode(factor(letters)) <- "double"
Error in storage.mode(factor(letters)) <- "double" : 
  invalid to change the storage mode of a factor
> as.raw(1777)
[1] 00
Warning message:
out-of-range values treated as 0 in coercion to raw 
> as.integer(baseenv())
Error in as.integer(baseenv()) : cannot coerce to vector
> as.integer(pi+1i)
[1] 3
Warning message:
imaginary parts discarded in coercion 
> 
> ## complex.c
> gamma(1+1i)
Error in gamma(1 + (0+1i)) : unimplemented complex function
> complex(-1)
Error in complex(-1) : invalid length
> polyroot(1:50)
Error in polyroot(1:50) : polynomial degree too high (49 max)
> polyroot(c(1,2,NA))
Error in polyroot(c(1, 2, NA)) : invalid polynomial coefficient
> 
> ## cum.c
> cummin(1+1i)
Error in cummin(1 + (0+1i)) : min/max not defined for complex numbers
> cummax(1+1i)
Error in cummax(1 + (0+1i)) : min/max not defined for complex numbers
> 
> ## debug.c
> debug(is.na)
Error in debug(is.na) : argument must be a closure
> undebug(ls)
Warning message:
In undebug(ls) : argument is not being debugged
> trace(y ~ x)
Error in .primTrace(what) : argument must be a function
> tracemem(ls)
Error in tracemem(ls) : argument must not be a function
> tracemem(NULL)
Error in tracemem(NULL) : cannot trace NULL
> tracemem(baseenv())
Error in tracemem(baseenv()) : 
  'tracemem' is not useful for promise and environment objects
> untracemem(ls)
Error in untracemem(ls) : argument must not be a function
> retracemem()
Error in retracemem() : invalid number of arguments
> retracemem(ls)
Error in retracemem(ls) : argument must not be a function
> retracemem(pi, 1, 2)
Error in retracemem(pi, 1, 2) : invalid number of arguments
> retracemem(pi, pi)
Error in retracemem(pi, pi) : invalid 'origin' argument
> 
> ## envir.c
> as.environment(NULL)
Error in as.environment(NULL) : using 'as.environment(NULL)' is defunct
> as.environment(y ~ x)
Error in as.environment(y ~ x) : invalid object for 'as.environment'
> as.environment("foo")
Error in as.environment("foo") : no item called "foo" on the search list
> assign(pi, pi)
Error in assign(pi, pi) : invalid first argument
> assign("pi", pi)
> assign("pi", pi, envir=list())
Error in assign("pi", pi, envir = list()) : invalid 'envir' argument
> assign("pi", pi, inherits=NA_real_)
Error in assign("pi", pi, inherits = NA_real_) : 
  invalid 'inherits' argument
> remove("x", envir=list())
Error in remove("x", envir = list()) : invalid 'envir' argument
> remove("x", inherits=NA_real_)
Error in remove("x", inherits = NA_real_) : invalid 'inherits' argument
> remove("xxx")
Warning message:
In remove("xxx") : variable "xxx" was not found
> get(pi)
Error in get(pi) : invalid first argument
> get("")
Error in get("") : invalid first argument
> get("pi", envir=list())
Error in get("pi", envir = list()) : invalid 'envir' argument
> get("pi", inherits=NA_real_)
Error in get("pi", inherits = NA_real_) : invalid 'inherits' argument
> get("pi", mode=pi)
Error in get("pi", mode = pi) : invalid 'mode' argument
> get("pi", mode="foo")
Error in get("pi", mode = "foo") : 
  variable "pi" of mode "foo" was not found
> get("xxx", mode="any")
Error in get("xxx", mode = "any") : variable "xxx" was not found
> mget(pi)
Error in mget(pi) : argument "envir" is missing, with no default
> mget(letters, envir=list())
Error in mget(letters, envir = list()) : 
  second argument must be an environment
> mget(letters, baseenv(), inherits=NA)
Error in mget(letters, baseenv(), inherits = NA) : 
  invalid 'inherits' argument
> mget("pi", baseenv(), mode=pi)
Error in mget("pi", baseenv(), mode = pi) : invalid 'mode' argument
> mget("pi", baseenv(), mode="foo")
Error in mget("pi", baseenv(), mode = "foo") : invalid 'mode' argument
> missing(3)
Error in missing(3) : invalid use of 'missing'
> attach(list(), pos="foo")
Error in attach(list(), pos = "foo") : 'pos' must be an integer
In addition: Warning message:
In attach(list(), pos = "foo") : NAs introduced by coercion
> attach(list(), name=pi)
Error in attach(list(), name = pi) : invalid value for 'name'
> attach(list(pi))
Error in attach(list(pi)) : all elements of a list must be named
> attach(pi)
Error in attach(pi) : 
  'attach' only works for lists, data frames and environments
> detach("package:base")
Error in detach("package:base") : detaching "package:base" is not allowed
> detach(pi)
Error in detach(pi) : invalid name
> ls(envir = y ~ x)
Error in ls(envir = y ~ x) : invalid 'envir' argument
> pos.to.env(integer(0))
Error in pos.to.env(integer(0)) : invalid 'pos' argument
> pos.to.env(0)
Error in pos.to.env(0) : invalid argument
> as.list.environment(pi)
Error in as.list.environment(pi) : argument must be an environment
> 
> ## eval.c
> if(rep(TRUE, 10)) "foo"
[1] "foo"
Warning message:
In if (rep(TRUE, 10)) "foo" :
  the condition has length > 1 and only the first element will be used
> f <- function() return(1,2,3)
> x <- f()
Warning message:
In return(1, 2, 3) : multi-argument returns are deprecated
> f <- function() return(1,,3)
> x <- f()
Error in return(1, , 3) : empty expression in return value
In addition: Warning message:
In return(1, , 3) : multi-argument returns are deprecated
> 
> ## main.c
> q(pi)
Error in quit(save, status, runLast) : 
  one of "yes", "no", "ask" or "default" expected.
> q("foo")
Error in quit(save, status, runLast) : unrecognized value of 'save'
> 
> ## names.c
> .Primitive(pi)
Error in .Primitive(pi) : string argument required
> .Primitive("foo")
Error in .Primitive("foo") : no such primitive function
> .Internal(pi)
Error in .Internal(pi) : invalid .Internal() argument
> .Internal(pairlist(list))
Error in .Internal(pairlist(list)) : no internal function "pairlist"
> 
> ## objects.c
> UseMethod()
Error in UseMethod() : 'UseMethod' used in an inappropriate fashion
> f <- function(x) UseMethod(); f(pi)
Error in UseMethod() : there must be a first argument
> f <- function(x) UseMethod(ls); f(pi)
Error in UseMethod(ls) : first argument must be a character string
> f <- function(x) UseMethod("coef"); f(list(coefficients=pi))
[1] 3.141593
> f <- function(x) UseMethod("coef", x); f(list(coefficients=pi))
[1] 3.141593
> f <- function(x) UseMethod("coef", x, pi); f(list(coefficients=pi))
[1] 3.141593
Warning message:
In UseMethod("coef", x, pi) : arguments after the first two are ignored
> f <- function(x) UseMethod("cc"); f(list(coefficients=pi))
Error in UseMethod("cc") : no applicable method for "cc"
> unclass(baseenv())
Error in unclass(baseenv()) : cannot unclass an environment
> inherits(pi, pi)
Error in inherits(pi, pi) : 'what' must be a character vector
> inherits(pi, "factor", pi)
Error in inherits(pi, "factor", pi) : 
  'which' must be a length 1 logical vector
> standardGeneric(pi)
Error in standardGeneric(pi) : 
  argument to standardGeneric must be a non-empty character string
> 
> ## random.c
> runif(-1, 0, 1)
Error in runif(-1, 0, 1) : invalid arguments
> sample(10, replace=logical(0))
Error in sample(10, replace = logical(0)) : invalid 'replace' argument
> sample(10, replace=NA)
Error in sample(10, replace = NA) : invalid 'replace' argument
> sample(1:10, -1)
Error in sample(1:10, -1) : invalid 'size' argument
> sample(1:10, 20, replace=FALSE)
Error in sample(1:10, 20, replace = FALSE) : 
  cannot take a sample larger than the population when 'replace = FALSE'
> sample(1:10, 3, prob=rep(0.2,5))
Error in sample(1:10, 3, prob = rep(0.2, 5)) : 
  incorrect number of probabilities
> rmultinom(-1, 1, rep(0.2, 5))
Error in rmultinom(-1, 1, rep(0.2, 5)) : invalid first argument 'n'
> rmultinom(1, -1, rep(0.2, 5))
Error in rmultinom(1, -1, rep(0.2, 5)) : invalid second argument 'size'
> 
> ## seq.c
> factor(1:3) : factor(1:4)
Error in factor(1:3):factor(1:4) : unequal factor lengths
> 1:1e20
Error in 1:1e+20 : result would be too long a vector
> x <- 2:3
> x:1
[1] 2 1
Warning message:
In x:1 : numerical expression has 2 elements: only the first used
> 1:x
[1] 1 2
Warning message:
In 1:x : numerical expression has 2 elements: only the first used
> 1:NA
Error in 1:NA : NA/NaN argument
> rep.int(pi, -1)
Error in rep.int(pi, -1) : invalid 'times' value
> rep.int(c(pi,pi), c(-1,-2))
Error in rep.int(c(pi, pi), c(-1, -2)) : invalid 'times' value
> rep.int(y ~ x, 2)
Error in rep.int(y ~ x, 2) : attempt to replicate non-vector
> rep.int(2, y ~ x)
Error in rep.int(2, y ~ x) : incorrect type for second argument
> rep.int(1:3, 1:2)
Error in rep.int(1:3, 1:2) : invalid 'times' value
> rep(pi, length.out = -1)
Error in rep(pi, length.out = -1) : invalid 'length.out' argument
> rep(pi, each = -1)
Error in rep(pi, each = -1) : invalid 'each' argument
> rep(pi, times=NA)
Error in rep(pi, times = NA) : invalid 'times' argument
> seq.int(1, length.out=-3)
Error in seq.int(1, length.out = -3) : 
  'length.out' must be a non-negative number
> seq.int(1, length.out=NA)
Error in seq.int(1, length.out = NA) : 
  'length.out' must be a non-negative number
> seq.int(Inf, 1, 2)
Error in seq.int(Inf, 1, 2) : 'from' must be finite
> seq.int(1, Inf, 2)
Error in seq.int(1, Inf, 2) : 'to' must be finite
> seq.int(1, 2, NA)
Error in seq.int(1, 2, NA) : invalid '(to - from)/by' in 'seq'
> seq.int(1.2, 1, by=1)
Error in seq.int(1.2, 1, by = 1) : wrong sign in 'by' argument
> seq.int(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
Error in seq.int(1, 2, 3, 4, 5) : too many arguments
> seq_len(-1)
Error in seq_len(-1) : argument must be non-negative
> 
> ## util.c
> # arity checks
> sin(1,2)
Error in sin(1, 2) : 2 arguments passed to 'sin' which requires 1
> .Internal(unique(pi))
Error: 1 argument passed to .Internal(unique) which requires 2
> setwd(pi)
Error in setwd(pi) : character argument expected
> setwd("/non-existent")
Error in setwd("/non-existent") : cannot change working directory
> basename(pi)
Error in basename(pi) : a character vector argument expected
> dirname(pi)
Error in dirname(pi) : a character vector argument expected
> encodeString(pi, -1)
Error in encodeString(pi, -1) : invalid 'width' value
> encodeString(pi, 10, quote=pi)
Error in encodeString(pi, 10, quote = pi) : invalid 'quote' value
> encodeString(pi, 10, quote="abc")
[1] "a3.14159265358979a"
Warning message:
In encodeString(pi, 10, quote = "abc") :
  only the first character of 'quote' will be used
> encodeString(pi, 10, na.encode=NA)
Error in encodeString(pi, 10, na.encode = NA) : invalid 'na.encode' value
> Encoding(pi)
Error in Encoding(pi) : a character vector argument expected
> Encoding(pi) <- pi
Error in `Encoding<-`(`*tmp*`, value = 3.14159265358979) : 
  a character vector argument expected
> x <- "foo"
> Encoding(x) <- pi
Error in `Encoding<-`(`*tmp*`, value = 3.14159265358979) : 
  a character vector 'value' expected
> Encoding(x) <- character(0)
Error in `Encoding<-`(`*tmp*`, value = character(0)) : 
  'value' must be of positive length
>