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/*
 *  R : A Computer Language for Statistical Data Analysis
 *  Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997 Robert Gentleman and Ross Ihaka
 *  Copyright (C) 1998-2022 The R Core Team
 *
 *  This source code module:
 *  Copyright (C) 1997, 1998 Paul Murrell and Ross Ihaka
 *  Copyright (C) 1998-2015 The R Core Team
 *
 *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 *  (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *  GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *  along with this program; if not, a copy is available at
 *  https://www.R-project.org/Licenses/
 */

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include <config.h>
#endif
#include <Defn.h>

#include <ctype.h>
#include <rlocale.h>


#include <Rmath.h> // provides M_2PI
#include <R_ext/GraphicsEngine.h>


/*
 *  TeX Math Styles
 *
 *  The TeXBook, Appendix G, Page 441.
 *
 */

typedef enum {
    STYLE_SS1 = 1,
    STYLE_SS  = 2,
    STYLE_S1  = 3,
    STYLE_S   = 4,
    STYLE_T1  = 5,
    STYLE_T   = 6,
    STYLE_D1  = 7,
    STYLE_D   = 8
} STYLE;

typedef struct {
    unsigned int BoxColor;
    double BaseCex;
    double ReferenceX;
    double ReferenceY;
    double CurrentX;
    double CurrentY;
    double CurrentAngle;
    double CosAngle;
    double SinAngle;
    STYLE CurrentStyle;
} mathContext;

static GEUnit MetricUnit = GE_INCHES;

/* Font Definitions */

typedef enum {
    PlainFont      = 1,
    BoldFont       = 2,
    ItalicFont     = 3,
    BoldItalicFont = 4,
    SymbolFont     = 5
} FontType;

/*
 *  Italic Correction Factor
 *
 *  The correction for a character is computed as ItalicFactor
 *  times the height (above the baseline) of the character's
 *  bounding box.
 *
 */

static double ItalicFactor = 0.15;

/* Drawing basics */


/* Convert CurrentX and CurrentY from */
/* 0 angle to and CurrentAngle */

static double ConvertedX(mathContext *mc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    double rotatedX = mc->ReferenceX +
    (mc->CurrentX - mc->ReferenceX) * mc->CosAngle -
    (mc->CurrentY - mc->ReferenceY) * mc->SinAngle;
    return toDeviceX(rotatedX, MetricUnit, dd);
}

static double ConvertedY(mathContext *mc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    double rotatedY = mc->ReferenceY +
    (mc->CurrentY - mc->ReferenceY) * mc->CosAngle +
    (mc->CurrentX - mc->ReferenceX) * mc->SinAngle;
    return toDeviceY(rotatedY, MetricUnit, dd);
}

static void PMoveAcross(double xamount, mathContext *mc)
{
    mc->CurrentX += xamount;
}

static void PMoveUp(double yamount, mathContext *mc)
{
    mc->CurrentY += yamount;
}

static void PMoveTo(double x, double y, mathContext *mc)
{
    mc->CurrentX = x;
    mc->CurrentY = y;
}

/* Basic Font Properties */

static double xHeight(pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    double height, depth, width;
    GEMetricInfo('x', gc, &height, &depth, &width, dd);
    return fromDeviceHeight(height, MetricUnit, dd);
}

static double XHeight(pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    double height, depth, width;
    GEMetricInfo('X', gc, &height, &depth, &width, dd);
    return fromDeviceHeight(height, MetricUnit, dd);
}

static double AxisHeight(pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    double height, depth, width;
    GEMetricInfo('+', gc, &height, &depth, &width, dd);
    return fromDeviceHeight(0.5 * height, MetricUnit, dd);
}

static double Quad(pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    double height, depth, width;
    GEMetricInfo('M', gc, &height, &depth, &width, dd);
    return fromDeviceHeight(width, MetricUnit, dd);
}

/* The height of digits */
static double FigHeight(pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    double height, depth, width;
    GEMetricInfo('0', gc, &height, &depth, &width, dd);
    return fromDeviceHeight(height, MetricUnit, dd);
}

/* Depth of lower case descenders */
static double DescDepth(pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    double height, depth, width;
    GEMetricInfo('g', gc, &height, &depth, &width, dd);
    return fromDeviceHeight(depth, MetricUnit, dd);
}

/* Thickness of rules */
static double RuleThickness(void)
{
    return 0.015;
}

static double ThinSpace(pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    double height, depth, width;
    static double OneSixth = 0.16666666666666666666;
    GEMetricInfo('M', gc, &height, &depth, &width, dd);
    return fromDeviceHeight(OneSixth * width, MetricUnit, dd);
}

static double MediumSpace(pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    double height, depth, width;
    static double TwoNinths = 0.22222222222222222222;
    GEMetricInfo('M', gc, &height, &depth, &width, dd);
    return fromDeviceHeight(TwoNinths * width, MetricUnit, dd);
}

static double ThickSpace(pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    double height, depth, width;
    static double FiveEighteenths = 0.27777777777777777777;
    GEMetricInfo('M', gc, &height, &depth, &width, dd);
    return fromDeviceHeight(FiveEighteenths * width, MetricUnit, dd);
}

static double MuSpace(pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    double height, depth, width;
    static double OneEighteenth = 0.05555555555555555555;
    GEMetricInfo('M', gc, &height, &depth, &width, dd);
    return fromDeviceHeight(OneEighteenth * width, MetricUnit, dd);
}


/*
 *  Mathematics Layout Parameters
 *
 *  The TeXBook, Appendix G, Page 447.
 *
 *  These values are based on an inspection of TeX metafont files
 *  together with some visual simplification.
 *
 *  Note : The values are ``optimised'' for PostScript.
 *
 */

typedef enum {
    sigma2,  sigma5,  sigma6,  sigma8,  sigma9,  sigma10, sigma11,
    sigma12, sigma13, sigma14, sigma15, sigma16, sigma17, sigma18,
    sigma19, sigma20, sigma21, sigma22, xi8, xi9, xi10, xi11, xi12, xi13
}
TEXPAR;

#define SUBS           0.7

static double TeX(TEXPAR which, pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    switch(which) {
    case sigma2:  /* space */
    case sigma5:  /* x_height */
    return xHeight(gc, dd);

    case sigma6:  /* quad */
    return Quad(gc, dd);

    case sigma8:  /* num1 */
    return AxisHeight(gc, dd)
        + 3.51 * RuleThickness()
        + 0.15 * XHeight(gc, dd)        /* 54/36 * 0.1 */
        + SUBS * DescDepth(gc, dd);
    case sigma9:  /* num2 */
    return AxisHeight(gc, dd)
        + 1.51 * RuleThickness()
        + 0.08333333 * XHeight(gc, dd); /* 30/36 * 0.1 */
    case sigma10: /* num3 */
    return AxisHeight(gc, dd)
        + 1.51 * RuleThickness()
        + 0.1333333 * XHeight(gc, dd);  /* 48/36 * 0.1 */
    case sigma11: /* denom1 */
    return  - AxisHeight(gc, dd)
        + 3.51 * RuleThickness()
        + SUBS * FigHeight(gc, dd)
        + 0.344444 * XHeight(gc, dd);   /* 124/36 * 0.1 */
    case sigma12: /* denom2 */
    return  - AxisHeight(gc, dd)
        + 1.51 * RuleThickness()
        + SUBS * FigHeight(gc, dd)
        + 0.08333333 * XHeight(gc, dd); /* 30/36 * 0.1 */

    case sigma13: /* sup1 */
    return 0.95 * xHeight(gc, dd);
    case sigma14: /* sup2 */
    return 0.825 * xHeight(gc, dd);
    case sigma15: /* sup3 */
    return 0.7 * xHeight(gc, dd);

    case sigma16: /* sub1 */
    return 0.35 * xHeight(gc, dd);
    case sigma17: /* sub2 */
    return 0.45 * XHeight(gc, dd);

    case sigma18: /* sup_drop */
    return 0.3861111 * XHeight(gc, dd);

    case sigma19: /* sub_drop */
    return 0.05 * XHeight(gc, dd);

    case sigma20: /* delim1 */
    return 2.39 * XHeight(gc, dd);
    case sigma21: /* delim2 */
    return 1.01 *XHeight(gc, dd);

    case sigma22: /* axis_height */
    return AxisHeight(gc, dd);

    case xi8:     /* default_rule_thickness */
    return RuleThickness();

    case xi9:     /* big_op_spacing1 */
    case xi10:    /* big_op_spacing2 */
    case xi11:    /* big_op_spacing3 */
    case xi12:    /* big_op_spacing4 */
    case xi13:    /* big_op_spacing5 */
    return 0.15 * XHeight(gc, dd);
    default:/* never happens (enum type) */
    error("invalid `which' in C function TeX"); return 0;/*-Wall*/
    }
}

static STYLE GetStyle(mathContext *mc)
{
    return mc->CurrentStyle;
}

static void SetStyle(STYLE newstyle, mathContext *mc, pGEcontext gc)
{
    switch (newstyle) {
    case STYLE_D:
    case STYLE_T:
    case STYLE_D1:
    case STYLE_T1:
    gc->cex = 1.0 * mc->BaseCex;
    break;
    case STYLE_S:
    case STYLE_S1:
    gc->cex = 0.7 * mc->BaseCex;
    break;
    case STYLE_SS:
    case STYLE_SS1:
    gc->cex = 0.5 * mc->BaseCex;
    break;
    default:
    error(_("invalid math style encountered"));
    }
    mc->CurrentStyle = newstyle;
}

static void SetPrimeStyle(STYLE style, mathContext *mc, pGEcontext gc)
{
    switch (style) {
    case STYLE_D:
    case STYLE_D1:
    SetStyle(STYLE_D1, mc, gc);
    break;
    case STYLE_T:
    case STYLE_T1:
    SetStyle(STYLE_T1, mc, gc);
    break;
    case STYLE_S:
    case STYLE_S1:
    SetStyle(STYLE_S1, mc, gc);
    break;
    case STYLE_SS:
    case STYLE_SS1:
    SetStyle(STYLE_SS1, mc, gc);
    break;
    }
}

static void SetSupStyle(STYLE style, mathContext *mc, pGEcontext gc)
{
    switch (style) {
    case STYLE_D:
    case STYLE_T:
    SetStyle(STYLE_S, mc, gc);
    break;
    case STYLE_D1:
    case STYLE_T1:
    SetStyle(STYLE_S1, mc, gc);
    break;
    case STYLE_S:
    case STYLE_SS:
    SetStyle(STYLE_SS, mc, gc);
    break;
    case STYLE_S1:
    case STYLE_SS1:
    SetStyle(STYLE_SS1, mc, gc);
    break;
    }
}

static void SetSubStyle(STYLE style, mathContext *mc, pGEcontext gc)
{
    switch (style) {
    case STYLE_D:
    case STYLE_T:
    case STYLE_D1:
    case STYLE_T1:
    SetStyle(STYLE_S1, mc, gc);
    break;
    case STYLE_S:
    case STYLE_SS:
    case STYLE_S1:
    case STYLE_SS1:
    SetStyle(STYLE_SS1, mc, gc);
    break;
    }
}

static void SetNumStyle(STYLE style, mathContext *mc, pGEcontext gc)
{
    switch (style) {
    case STYLE_D:
    SetStyle(STYLE_T, mc, gc);
    break;
    case STYLE_D1:
    SetStyle(STYLE_T1, mc, gc);
    break;
    default:
    SetSupStyle(style, mc, gc);
    }
}

static void SetDenomStyle(STYLE style, mathContext *mc, pGEcontext gc)
{
    if (style > STYLE_T)
    SetStyle(STYLE_T1, mc, gc);
    else
    SetSubStyle(style, mc, gc);
}

static int IsCompactStyle(STYLE style, mathContext *mc, pGEcontext gc)
{
    switch (style) {
    case STYLE_D1:
    case STYLE_T1:
    case STYLE_S1:
    case STYLE_SS1:
    return 1;
    default:
    return 0;
    }
}


#ifdef max
#undef max
#endif
/* Return maximum of two doubles. */
static double max(double x, double y)
{
    if (x > y) return x;
    else return y;
}


/* Bounding Boxes */
/* These including italic corrections and an */
/* indication of whether the nucleus was simple. */

typedef struct {
    double height;
    double depth;
    double width;
    double italic;
    int simple;
} BBOX;


#define bboxHeight(bbox) bbox.height
#define bboxDepth(bbox) bbox.depth
#define bboxWidth(bbox) bbox.width
#define bboxItalic(bbox) bbox.italic
#define bboxSimple(bbox) bbox.simple


static BBOX MakeBBox(double height, double depth, double width)
{
    BBOX bbox;
    bboxHeight(bbox) = height;
    bboxDepth(bbox)  = depth;
    bboxWidth(bbox)  = width;
    bboxItalic(bbox) = 0;
    bboxSimple(bbox) = 0;
    return bbox;
}

static BBOX NullBBox(void)
{
    BBOX bbox;
    bboxHeight(bbox) = 0;
    bboxDepth(bbox)  = 0;
    bboxWidth(bbox)  = 0;
    bboxItalic(bbox) = 0;
    bboxSimple(bbox) = 0;
    return bbox;
}

static BBOX ShiftBBox(BBOX bbox1, double shiftV)
{
    bboxHeight(bbox1) = bboxHeight(bbox1) + shiftV;
    bboxDepth(bbox1)  = bboxDepth(bbox1) - shiftV;
    bboxWidth(bbox1)  = bboxWidth(bbox1);
    bboxItalic(bbox1) = bboxItalic(bbox1);
    bboxSimple(bbox1) = bboxSimple(bbox1);
    return bbox1;
}

static BBOX EnlargeBBox(BBOX bbox, double deltaHeight, double deltaDepth,
              double deltaWidth)
{
    bboxHeight(bbox) += deltaHeight;
    bboxDepth(bbox)  += deltaDepth;
    bboxWidth(bbox)  += deltaWidth;
    return bbox;
}

static BBOX CombineBBoxes(BBOX bbox1, BBOX bbox2)
{
    bboxHeight(bbox1) = max(bboxHeight(bbox1), bboxHeight(bbox2));
    bboxDepth(bbox1)  = max(bboxDepth(bbox1), bboxDepth(bbox2));
    bboxWidth(bbox1)  = bboxWidth(bbox1) + bboxWidth(bbox2);
    bboxItalic(bbox1) = bboxItalic(bbox2);
    bboxSimple(bbox1) = bboxSimple(bbox2);
    return bbox1;
}

static BBOX CombineAlignedBBoxes(BBOX bbox1, BBOX bbox2)
{
    bboxHeight(bbox1) = max(bboxHeight(bbox1), bboxHeight(bbox2));
    bboxDepth(bbox1)  = max(bboxDepth(bbox1), bboxDepth(bbox2));
    bboxWidth(bbox1)  = max(bboxWidth(bbox1), bboxWidth(bbox2));
    bboxItalic(bbox1) = 0;
    bboxSimple(bbox1) = 0;
    return bbox1;
}

static BBOX CombineOffsetBBoxes(BBOX bbox1, int italic1,
                BBOX bbox2, int italic2,
                double xoffset,
                double yoffset)
{
    double width1 = bboxWidth(bbox1) + (italic1 ? bboxItalic(bbox1) : 0);
    double width2 = bboxWidth(bbox2) + (italic2 ? bboxItalic(bbox2) : 0);
    bboxWidth(bbox1) = max(width1, width2 + xoffset);
    bboxHeight(bbox1) = max(bboxHeight(bbox1), bboxHeight(bbox2) + yoffset);
    bboxDepth(bbox1) = max(bboxDepth(bbox1), bboxDepth(bbox2) - yoffset);
    bboxItalic(bbox1) = 0;
    bboxSimple(bbox1) = 0;
    return bbox1;
}

static double CenterShift(BBOX bbox)
{
    return 0.5 * (bboxHeight(bbox) - bboxDepth(bbox));
}


typedef struct {
    char *name;
    int code;
} SymTab;

/* Determine a match between symbol name and string. */

static int NameMatch(SEXP expr, const char *aString)
{
    if (!isSymbol(expr)) return 0;
    return !strcmp(CHAR(PRINTNAME(expr)), aString);
}

static int StringMatch(SEXP expr, const char *aString)
{
    return !strcmp(translateChar(STRING_ELT(expr, 0)), aString);
}
/* Code to determine the ascii code corresponding */
/* to an element of a mathematical expression. */

#define A_HAT         94
#define A_TILDE      126

#define S_SPACE       32
#define S_PARENLEFT   40
#define S_PARENRIGHT      41
#define S_ASTERISKMATH    42
#define S_COMMA       44
#define S_SLASH       47
#define S_RADICALEX   96
#define S_FRACTION   164
#define S_ELLIPSIS   188
#define S_INTERSECTION   199
#define S_UNION      200
#define S_PRODUCT    213
#define S_RADICAL    214
#define S_SUM        229
#define S_INTEGRAL   242

#define S_ANGLELEFT  225
#define S_BRACKETLEFTTP  233
#define S_BRACKETLEFTBT  235
#define S_ANGLERIGHT     241
#define S_BRACKETRIGHTTP 249
#define S_BRACKETRIGHTBT 251

#define N_LIM       1001
#define N_LIMINF    1002
#define N_LIMSUP    1003
#define N_INF       1004
#define N_SUP       1005
#define N_MIN       1006
#define N_MAX       1007


/* The Full Adobe Symbol Font */

static SymTab
SymbolTable[] = {
    { "space",       32 },
    { "exclam",      33 },
    { "universal",   34 },
    { "numbersign",  35 },
    { "existential",     36 },
    { "percent",     37 },
    { "ampersand",   38 },
    { "suchthat",    39 },
    { "parenleft",   40 },
    { "parenright",  41 },
    { "asteriskmath",    42 },
    { "plus",        43 },
    { "comma",       44 },
    { "minus",       45 },
    { "period",      46 },
    { "slash",       47 },
    { "0",        48 },
    { "1",       49 },
    { "2",       50 },
    { "3",       51 },
    { "4",       52 },
    { "5",       53 },
    { "6",       54 },
    { "7",       55 },
    { "8",       56 },
    { "9",       57 },
    { "colon",       58 },
    { "semicolon",   59 },
    { "less",        60 },
    { "equal",       61 },
    { "greater",     62 },
    { "question",    63 },
    { "congruent",   64 },

    { "Alpha",/* 0101= */65 }, /* Upper Case Greek Characters */
    { "Beta",        66 },
    { "Chi",         67 },
    { "Delta",       68 },
    { "Epsilon",     69 },
    { "Phi",         70 },
    { "Gamma",       71 },
    { "Eta",         72 },
    { "Iota",        73 },
    { "theta1",      74 },
    { "vartheta",    74 },
    { "Kappa",       75 },
    { "Lambda",      76 },
    { "Mu",      77 },
    { "Nu",      78 },
    { "Omicron",     79 },
    { "Pi",      80 },
    { "Theta",       81 },
    { "Rho",         82 },
    { "Sigma",       83 },
    { "Tau",         84 },
    { "Upsilon",     85 },
    { "sigma1",      86 },
    { "varsigma",    86 },
    { "stigma",      86 },
    { "Omega",       87 },
    { "Xi",      88 },
    { "Psi",         89 },
    { "Zeta",/* 0132 = */90 },

    { "bracketleft",     91 },  /* Miscellaneous Special Characters */
    { "therefore",   92 },
    { "bracketright",    93 },
    { "perpendicular",   94 },
    { "underscore",  95 },
    { "radicalex",   96 },

    { "alpha",/* 0141= */97 },  /* Lower Case Greek Characters */
    { "beta",        98 },
    { "chi",         99 },
    { "delta",      100 },
    { "epsilon",    101 },
    { "phi",        102 },
    { "gamma",      103 },
    { "eta",        104 },
    { "iota",       105 },
    { "phi1",       106 },
    { "varphi",     106 },
    { "kappa",      107 },
    { "lambda",     108 },
    { "mu",     109 },
    { "nu",     110 },
    { "omicron",    111 },
    { "pi",     112 },
    { "theta",      113 },
    { "rho",        114 },
    { "sigma",      115 },
    { "tau",        116 },
    { "upsilon",    117 },
    { "omega1",     118 },
    { "omega",      119 },
    { "xi",     120 },
    { "psi",        121 },
    { "zeta",/* 0172= */122 },

    { "braceleft",  123 },  /* Miscellaneous Special Characters */
    { "bar",        124 },
    { "braceright", 125 },
    { "similar",    126 },

    { "Upsilon1",   161 },  /* Lone Greek */
    { "minute",     162 },
    { "lessequal",  163 },
    { "fraction",   164 },
    { "infinity",   165 },
    { "florin",     166 },
    { "club",       167 },
    { "diamond",    168 },
    { "heart",      169 },
    { "spade",      170 },
    { "arrowboth",  171 },
    { "arrowleft",  172 },
    { "arrowup",    173 },
    { "arrowright", 174 },
    { "arrowdown",  175 },
    { "degree",     176 },
    { "plusminus",  177 },
    { "second",     178 },
    { "greaterequal",   179 },
    { "multiply",   180 },
    { "proportional",   181 },
    { "partialdiff",    182 },
    { "bullet",     183 },
    { "divide",     184 },
    { "notequal",   185 },
    { "equivalence",    186 },
    { "approxequal",    187 },
    { "ellipsis",   188 },
    { "arrowvertex",    189 },
    { "arrowhorizex",   190 },
    { "carriagereturn", 191 },
    { "aleph",      192 },
    { "Ifraktur",   193 },
    { "Rfraktur",   194 },
    { "weierstrass",    195 },
    { "circlemultiply", 196 },
    { "circleplus", 197 },
    { "emptyset",   198 },
    { "intersection",   199 },/* = 0307 */
    { "union",      200 },/* = 0310 */
    { "propersuperset", 201 },
    { "reflexsuperset", 202 },
    { "notsubset",  203 },
    { "propersubset",   204 },
    { "reflexsubset",   205 },
    { "element",    206 },
    { "notelement", 207 },
    { "angle",      208 },
    { "nabla",      209 },/* = 0321, Adobe name 'gradient' */
    { "registerserif",  210 },
    { "copyrightserif", 211 },
    { "trademarkserif", 212 },
    { "product",    213 },
    { "radical",    214 },
    { "dotmath",    215 },
    { "logicaland", 217 },
    { "logicalor",  218 },
    { "arrowdblboth",   219 },
    { "arrowdblleft",   220 },
    { "arrowdblup", 221 },
    { "arrowdblright",  222 },
    { "arrowdbldown",   223 },
    { "lozenge",    224 },
    { "angleleft",  225 },
    { "registersans",   226 },
    { "copyrightsans",  227 },
    { "trademarksans",  228 },
    { "summation",  229 },
    { "parenlefttp",    230 },
    { "parenleftex",    231 },
    { "parenleftbt",    232 },
    { "bracketlefttp",  233 },
    { "bracketleftex",  234 },
    { "bracketleftbt",  235 },
    { "bracelefttp",    236 },
    { "braceleftmid",   237 },
    { "braceleftbt",    238 },
    { "braceex",    239 },
    { "angleright", 241 },
    { "integral",   242 },
    { "integraltp", 243 },
    { "integralex", 244 },
    { "integralbt", 245 },
    { "parenrighttp",   246 },
    { "parenrightex",   247 },
    { "parenrightbt",   248 },
    { "bracketrighttp", 249 },
    { "bracketrightex", 250 },
    { "bracketrightbt", 251 },
    { "bracerighttp",   252 },
    { "bracerightmid",  253 },
    { "bracerightbt",   254 },

    { NULL,       0 },
};

static int SymbolCode(SEXP expr)
{
    int i;
    for (i = 0; SymbolTable[i].code; i++)
    if (NameMatch(expr, SymbolTable[i].name))
        return SymbolTable[i].code;
    return 0;
}

/* this is the one really used: */
static int TranslatedSymbol(SEXP expr)
{
    int code = SymbolCode(expr);
    if ((0101 <= code && code <= 0132)  ||   /* l/c Greek */
    (0141 <= code && code <= 0172)  ||   /* u/c Greek */
    code == 0300            ||   /* aleph */
    code == 0241            ||   /* Upsilon1 */
    code == 0242            ||   /* minute */
    code == 0245            ||   /* infinity */
    code == 0260            ||   /* degree */
    code == 0262            ||   /* second */
    code == 0266                    ||   /* partialdiff */
    code == 0321                         /* nabla */
    )
    return code;
    else // not translated
    return 0;
}

/* Code to determine the nature of an expression. */

static int FormulaExpression(SEXP expr)
{
    return (TYPEOF(expr) == LANGSXP);
}

static int NameAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return (TYPEOF(expr) == SYMSXP);
}

static int NumberAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return ((TYPEOF(expr) == REALSXP) ||
        (TYPEOF(expr) == INTSXP)  ||
        (TYPEOF(expr) == CPLXSXP));
}

static int StringAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return (TYPEOF(expr) == STRSXP);
}

/* Code to determine a font from the */
/* nature of the expression */

static FontType GetFont(pGEcontext gc)
{
    return gc->fontface;
}

static FontType SetFont(FontType font, pGEcontext gc)
{
    FontType prevfont = gc->fontface;
    gc->fontface = font;
    return prevfont;
}

static int UsingItalics(pGEcontext gc)
{
    return (gc->fontface == ItalicFont ||
        gc->fontface == BoldItalicFont);
}

static BBOX GlyphBBox(int chr, pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bbox;
    double height, depth, width;
    int chr1 = chr;
    if(dd->dev->wantSymbolUTF8 && gc->fontface == 5)
    chr1 = -Rf_AdobeSymbol2ucs2(chr);
    GEMetricInfo(chr1, gc, &height, &depth, &width, dd);
    bboxHeight(bbox) = fromDeviceHeight(height, MetricUnit, dd);
    bboxDepth(bbox)  = fromDeviceHeight(depth, MetricUnit, dd);
    bboxWidth(bbox)  = fromDeviceHeight(width, MetricUnit, dd);
    bboxItalic(bbox) = 0;
    bboxSimple(bbox) = 1;
    return bbox;
}

static BBOX RenderElement(SEXP, int, mathContext*, pGEcontext , pGEDevDesc);
static BBOX RenderOffsetElement(SEXP, double, double, int,
                mathContext*, pGEcontext , pGEDevDesc);
static BBOX RenderExpression(SEXP, int, mathContext*, pGEcontext , pGEDevDesc);
static BBOX RenderSymbolChar(int, int, mathContext*, pGEcontext , pGEDevDesc);


/*  Code to Generate Bounding Boxes and Draw Formulae.  */

static BBOX RenderItalicCorr(BBOX bbox, int draw, mathContext *mc,
                 pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    if (bboxItalic(bbox) > 0) {
    if (draw)
        PMoveAcross(bboxItalic(bbox), mc);
    bboxWidth(bbox) += bboxItalic(bbox);
    bboxItalic(bbox) = 0;
    }
    return bbox;
}

static BBOX RenderGap(double gap, int draw, mathContext *mc,
              pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    if (draw)
    PMoveAcross(gap, mc);
    return MakeBBox(0, 0, gap);
}

/* Draw a Symbol from the Special Font:
   this is assumed to be 8-bit encoded in Adobe Symbol.
 */

static BBOX RenderSymbolChar(int ascii, int draw, mathContext *mc,
                 pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    FontType prev;
    BBOX bbox;
    char asciiStr[2];
    if (ascii == A_HAT || ascii == A_TILDE)
    prev = SetFont(PlainFont, gc);
    else
    prev = SetFont(SymbolFont, gc);
    bbox = GlyphBBox(ascii, gc, dd);
    if (draw) {
    asciiStr[0] = (char) ascii;
    asciiStr[1] = '\0';
    GEText(ConvertedX(mc ,dd), ConvertedY(mc, dd), asciiStr,
           CE_SYMBOL,
           0.0, 0.0, mc->CurrentAngle, gc,
           dd);
    PMoveAcross(bboxWidth(bbox), mc);
    }
    SetFont(prev, gc);
    return bbox;
}

/* Draw a Symbol String in "Math Mode" */
/* This code inserts italic corrections after */
/* every character. */

static BBOX RenderSymbolStr(const char *str, int draw, mathContext *mc,
                pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    char chr[7] = "";
    const char *s = str;
    BBOX glyphBBox;
    BBOX resultBBox = NullBBox();
    double lastItalicCorr = 0;
    FontType prevfont = GetFont(gc);
    FontType font = prevfont;

    if (str) {
    /* Need to advance by character, not byte, except in the symbol font.
       The latter would be hard to achieve, but perhaps not impossible.
     */
    if(mbcslocale && gc->fontface != 5) {
        wchar_t wc;
        mbstate_t mb_st;
        size_t res;

        mbs_init(&mb_st);
        while (*s) {
        wc = 0;
        // FIXME this does not allow for surrogate pairs (implausible)
        res = mbrtowc(&wc, s, MB_LEN_MAX, &mb_st);
        if(res == -1) error("invalid multibyte string '%s'", s);
        if (iswdigit(wc) && font != PlainFont) {
            font = PlainFont;
            SetFont(PlainFont, gc);
        }
        else if (font != prevfont) {
            font = prevfont;
            SetFont(prevfont, gc);
        }
        glyphBBox = GlyphBBox((unsigned int) wc, gc, dd);
        if (UsingItalics(gc))
            bboxItalic(glyphBBox) =
            ItalicFactor * bboxHeight(glyphBBox);
        else
            bboxItalic(glyphBBox) = 0;
        if (draw) {
            memset(chr, 0, sizeof(chr));
            /* should not be possible, as we just converted to wc */
            if(wcrtomb(chr, wc, &mb_st) == -1)
            error("invalid multibyte string");
            PMoveAcross(lastItalicCorr, mc);
            GEText(ConvertedX(mc ,dd), ConvertedY(mc, dd), chr,
               CE_NATIVE,
               0.0, 0.0, mc->CurrentAngle, gc, dd);
            PMoveAcross(bboxWidth(glyphBBox), mc);
        }
        bboxWidth(resultBBox) += lastItalicCorr;
        resultBBox = CombineBBoxes(resultBBox, glyphBBox);
        lastItalicCorr = bboxItalic(glyphBBox);
        s += res;
        }
    } else {
        while (*s) {
        if (isdigit((int)*s) && font != PlainFont) {
            font = PlainFont;
            SetFont(PlainFont, gc);
        }
        else if (font != prevfont) {
            font = prevfont;
            SetFont(prevfont, gc);
        }
        glyphBBox = GlyphBBox((unsigned char) *s, gc, dd);
        if (UsingItalics(gc))
            bboxItalic(glyphBBox) =
            ItalicFactor * bboxHeight(glyphBBox);
        else
            bboxItalic(glyphBBox) = 0;
        if (draw) {
            chr[0] = *s;
            PMoveAcross(lastItalicCorr, mc);
            GEText(ConvertedX(mc ,dd), ConvertedY(mc, dd), chr,
               CE_NATIVE,
               0.0, 0.0, mc->CurrentAngle, gc, dd);
            PMoveAcross(bboxWidth(glyphBBox), mc);
        }
        bboxWidth(resultBBox) += lastItalicCorr;
        resultBBox = CombineBBoxes(resultBBox, glyphBBox);
        lastItalicCorr = bboxItalic(glyphBBox);
        s++;
        }
    }
    if (font != prevfont)
        SetFont(prevfont, gc);
    }
    bboxSimple(resultBBox) = 1;
    return resultBBox;
}

/* Code for Character String Atoms. */

/* This only gets called from RenderAccent */
static BBOX RenderChar(int ascii, int draw, mathContext *mc,
               pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bbox;
    char asciiStr[7];

    bbox = GlyphBBox(ascii, gc, dd);
    if (draw) {
    memset(asciiStr, 0, sizeof(asciiStr));
    if(mbcslocale) {
        size_t res = wcrtomb(asciiStr, ascii, NULL);
        if(res == -1)
        error("invalid character in current multibyte locale");
    } else
        asciiStr[0] = (char) ascii;
    GEText(ConvertedX(mc ,dd), ConvertedY(mc, dd), asciiStr, CE_NATIVE,
           0.0, 0.0, mc->CurrentAngle, gc,
           dd);
    PMoveAcross(bboxWidth(bbox), mc);
    }
    return bbox;
}

/* This gets called on strings and PRINTNAMES */
static BBOX RenderStr(const char *str, int draw, mathContext *mc,
              pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX glyphBBox = NullBBox(); /* might be use do italic corr on str="" */
    BBOX resultBBox = NullBBox();
    int nc = 0;
    cetype_t enc = (gc->fontface == 5) ? CE_SYMBOL : CE_NATIVE;

    if (str) {
    /* need to advance by character, not byte, except in the symbol font */
    if(mbcslocale && gc->fontface != 5) {
        size_t n = strlen(str), used;
        wchar_t wc;
        const char *p = str;
        mbstate_t mb_st;
        mbs_init(&mb_st);
        // FIXME this does not allow for surrogate pairs
        while ((used = Mbrtowc(&wc, p, n, &mb_st)) > 0) {
        /* On Windows could have sign extension here */
        glyphBBox = GlyphBBox((unsigned int) wc, gc, dd);
        resultBBox = CombineBBoxes(resultBBox, glyphBBox);
        p += used; n -= used; nc++;
        }
    } else {
        const char *s = str;
        while (*s) {
        /* Watch for sign extension here - fixed > 2.7.1 */
        glyphBBox = GlyphBBox((unsigned char) *s, gc, dd);
        resultBBox = CombineBBoxes(resultBBox, glyphBBox);
        s++; nc++;
        }
    }
    if(nc > 1) {
        /* Finding the width by adding up boxes is incorrect (kerning) */
        double wd = GEStrWidth(str, enc, gc, dd);
        bboxWidth(resultBBox) = fromDeviceHeight(wd, MetricUnit, dd);
    }
    if (draw) {
        GEText(ConvertedX(mc ,dd), ConvertedY(mc, dd), str, enc,
           0.0, 0.0, mc->CurrentAngle, gc, dd);
        PMoveAcross(bboxWidth(resultBBox), mc);
    }
    if (UsingItalics(gc))
        bboxItalic(resultBBox) = ItalicFactor * bboxHeight(glyphBBox);
    else
        bboxItalic(resultBBox) = 0;
    }
    bboxSimple(resultBBox) = 1;
    return resultBBox;
}


/* Code for Symbol Font Atoms */

static BBOX RenderSymbol(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
             pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    int code;
    if ((code = TranslatedSymbol(expr)))
    return RenderSymbolChar(code, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else
    return RenderSymbolStr(CHAR(PRINTNAME(expr)), draw, mc, gc, dd);
}

static BBOX RenderSymbolString(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
                   pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    int code;
    if ((code = TranslatedSymbol(expr)))
    return RenderSymbolChar(code, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else
    return RenderStr(CHAR(PRINTNAME(expr)), draw, mc, gc, dd);
}


/* Code for Numeric Atoms */

static BBOX RenderNumber(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
             pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bbox;
    FontType prevfont = SetFont(PlainFont, gc);
    PrintDefaults();
    bbox = RenderStr(CHAR(asChar(expr)), draw, mc, gc, dd);
    SetFont(prevfont, gc);
    return bbox;
}

/* Code for String Atoms */

static BBOX RenderString(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
             pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    return RenderStr(translateChar(STRING_ELT(expr, 0)), draw, mc, gc, dd);
}

/* Code for Ellipsis (ldots, cdots, ...) */

static int DotsAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    if (NameMatch(expr, "cdots") ||
    NameMatch(expr, "...")   ||
    NameMatch(expr, "ldots"))
        return 1;
    return 0;
}

static BBOX RenderDots(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
               pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bbox = RenderSymbolChar(S_ELLIPSIS, 0, mc, gc, dd);
    if (NameMatch(expr, "cdots") || NameMatch(expr, "...")) {
    double shift = AxisHeight(gc, dd) - 0.5 * bboxHeight(bbox);
    if (draw) {
        PMoveUp(shift, mc);
        RenderSymbolChar(S_ELLIPSIS, 1, mc, gc, dd);
        PMoveUp(-shift, mc);
    }
    return ShiftBBox(bbox, shift);
    }
    else {
    if (draw)
        RenderSymbolChar(S_ELLIPSIS, 1, mc, gc, dd);
    return bbox;
    }
}

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for Atoms
 *
 */

static BBOX RenderAtom(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
               pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    if (NameAtom(expr)) {
    if (DotsAtom(expr))
        return RenderDots(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else
        return RenderSymbol(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    }
    else if (NumberAtom(expr))
    return RenderNumber(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (StringAtom(expr))
    return RenderString(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);

    return NullBBox();      /* -Wall */
}


/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for Binary / Unary Operators  (~, +, -, ... )
 *
 *  Note that there are unary and binary ~ s.
 *
 */

static int SpaceAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) && NameMatch(expr, "~");
}


static BBOX RenderSpace(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
            pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{

    BBOX opBBox, arg1BBox, arg2BBox;
    int nexpr = length(expr);

    if (nexpr == 2) {
    opBBox = RenderSymbolChar(' ', draw, mc, gc, dd);
    arg1BBox = RenderElement(CADR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd);
    return CombineBBoxes(opBBox, arg1BBox);
    }
    else if (nexpr == 3) {
    arg1BBox = RenderElement(CADR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd);
    opBBox = RenderSymbolChar(' ', draw, mc, gc, dd);
    arg2BBox = RenderElement(CADDR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd);
    opBBox = CombineBBoxes(arg1BBox, opBBox);
    opBBox = CombineBBoxes(opBBox, arg2BBox);
    return opBBox;
    }
    else
    error(_("invalid mathematical annotation"));

    return NullBBox();      /* -Wall */
}

static SymTab BinTable[] = {
    { "!",               041 },
    { "*",       052 }, /* Binary Operators */
    { "+",       053 },
    { "-",       055 },
    { "/",       057 },
    { ":",       072 },
    { "%+-%",       0261 },
    { "%*%",        0264 },
    { "%/%",        0270 },
    { "%intersection%", 0307 },
    { "%union%",    0310 },
    { "%.%",            0327 }, /* cdot or dotmath */
    { NULL,        0 }
};

static int BinAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    int i;

    for (i = 0; BinTable[i].code; i++)
    if (NameMatch(expr, BinTable[i].name))
        return BinTable[i].code;
    return 0;
}

static BBOX RenderSlash(int draw, mathContext *mc, pGEcontext gc,
            pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    /* Line Drawing Version */
    double x[2], y[2];
    double depth = 0.5 * TeX(sigma22, gc, dd);
    double height = XHeight(gc, dd) + 0.5 * TeX(sigma22, gc, dd);
    double width = 0.5 * xHeight(gc, dd);
    if (draw) {
    int savedlty = gc->lty;
    double savedlwd = gc->lwd;
    PMoveAcross(0.5 * width, mc);
    PMoveUp(-depth, mc);
    x[0] = ConvertedX(mc, dd);
    y[0] = ConvertedY(mc, dd);
    PMoveAcross(width, mc);
    PMoveUp(depth + height, mc);
    x[1] = ConvertedX(mc, dd);
    y[1] = ConvertedY(mc, dd);
    PMoveUp(-height, mc);
    gc->lty = LTY_SOLID;
    if (gc->lwd > 1)
        gc->lwd = 1;
    GEPolyline(2, x, y, gc, dd);
    PMoveAcross(0.5 * width, mc);
    gc->lty = savedlty;
    gc->lwd = savedlwd;
    }
    return MakeBBox(height, depth, 2 * width);
}

static BBOX RenderBin(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
              pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    int op = BinAtom(CAR(expr));
    int nexpr = length(expr);
    BBOX bbox;
    double gap;

    if(nexpr == 3) {
    if (op == S_ASTERISKMATH) {
        bbox = RenderElement(CADR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd);
        bbox = RenderItalicCorr(bbox, draw, mc, gc, dd);
        return CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderElement(CADDR(expr), draw,
                             mc, gc, dd));
    }
    else if (op == S_SLASH) {
        gap = 0;
        bbox = RenderElement(CADR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd);
        bbox = RenderItalicCorr(bbox, draw, mc, gc, dd);
        bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderGap(gap, draw, mc, gc, dd));
        bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderSlash(draw, mc, gc, dd));
        bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderGap(gap, draw, mc, gc, dd));
        return CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderElement(CADDR(expr), draw,
                             mc, gc, dd));
    }
    else {
        gap = (mc->CurrentStyle > STYLE_S) ? MediumSpace(gc, dd) : 0;
        bbox = RenderElement(CADR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd);
        bbox = RenderItalicCorr(bbox, draw, mc, gc, dd);
        bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderGap(gap, draw, mc, gc, dd));
        bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderSymbolChar(op, draw, mc, gc, dd));
        bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderGap(gap, draw, mc, gc, dd));
        return CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderElement(CADDR(expr), draw,
                             mc, gc, dd));
    }
    }
    else if(nexpr == 2) {
    gap = (mc->CurrentStyle > STYLE_S) ? ThinSpace(gc, dd) : 0;
    bbox = RenderSymbolChar(op, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderGap(gap, draw, mc, gc, dd));
    return CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderElement(CADR(expr), draw, mc,
                         gc, dd));
    }
    else
    error(_("invalid mathematical annotation"));

    return NullBBox();      /* -Wall */

}


/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for Subscript and Superscipt Expressions
 *
 *  Rules 18, 18a, ..., 18f of the TeXBook.
 *
 */

static int SuperAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) && NameMatch(expr, "^");
}

static int SubAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) && NameMatch(expr, "[");
}

/* Note : If all computations are correct */
/* We do not need to save and restore the */
/* current location here.  This is paranoia. */
static BBOX RenderSub(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
              pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bodyBBox, subBBox;
    SEXP body = CADR(expr);
    SEXP sub = CADDR(expr);
    STYLE style = GetStyle(mc);
    double savedX = mc->CurrentX;
    double savedY = mc->CurrentY;
    double v, s16;
    bodyBBox = RenderElement(body, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    bodyBBox = RenderItalicCorr(bodyBBox, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    v = bboxSimple(bodyBBox) ? 0 : bboxDepth(bodyBBox) + TeX(sigma19, gc, dd);
    s16 = TeX(sigma16, gc, dd);
    SetSubStyle(style, mc, gc);
    subBBox = RenderElement(sub, 0, mc, gc, dd);
    v = max(max(v, s16), bboxHeight(subBBox) - 0.8 * sigma5);
    subBBox = RenderOffsetElement(sub, 0, -v, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    bodyBBox = CombineBBoxes(bodyBBox, subBBox);
    SetStyle(style, mc, gc);
    if (draw)
    PMoveTo(savedX + bboxWidth(bodyBBox), savedY, mc);
    return bodyBBox;
}

static BBOX RenderSup(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
              pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bodyBBox, subBBox, supBBox;
    SEXP body = CADR(expr);
    SEXP sup = CADDR(expr);
    SEXP sub = R_NilValue;  /* -Wall */
    STYLE style = GetStyle(mc);
    double savedX = mc->CurrentX;
    double savedY = mc->CurrentY;
    double theta, delta, width;
    double u, p;
    double v, s5, s17;
    int haveSub;
    if (FormulaExpression(body) && SubAtom(CAR(body))) {
    sub = CADDR(body);
    body = CADR(body);
    haveSub = 1;
    }
    else haveSub = 0;
    bodyBBox = RenderElement(body, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    delta = bboxItalic(bodyBBox);
    bodyBBox = RenderItalicCorr(bodyBBox, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    width = bboxWidth(bodyBBox);
    if (bboxSimple(bodyBBox)) {
    u = 0;
    v = 0;
    }
    else {
    u = bboxHeight(bodyBBox) - TeX(sigma18, gc, dd);
    v = bboxDepth(bodyBBox) + TeX(sigma19, gc, dd);
    }
    theta = TeX(xi8, gc, dd);
    s5 = TeX(sigma5, gc, dd);
    s17 = TeX(sigma17, gc, dd);
    if (style == STYLE_D)
    p = TeX(sigma13, gc, dd);
    else if (IsCompactStyle(style, mc, gc))
    p = TeX(sigma15, gc, dd);
    else
    p = TeX(sigma14, gc, dd);
    SetSupStyle(style, mc, gc);
    supBBox = RenderElement(sup, 0, mc, gc, dd);
    u = max(max(u, p), bboxDepth(supBBox) + 0.25 * s5);

    if (haveSub) {
    SetSubStyle(style, mc, gc);
    subBBox = RenderElement(sub, 0, mc, gc, dd);
    v = max(v, s17);
    if ((u - bboxDepth(supBBox)) - (bboxHeight(subBBox) - v) < 4 * theta) {
        double psi = 0.8 * s5 - (u - bboxDepth(supBBox));
        if (psi > 0) {
        u += psi;
        v -= psi;
        }
    }
    if (draw)
        PMoveTo(savedX, savedY, mc);
    subBBox = RenderOffsetElement(sub, width, -v, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    if (draw)
        PMoveTo(savedX, savedY, mc);
    SetSupStyle(style, mc, gc);
    supBBox = RenderOffsetElement(sup, width + delta, u, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    bodyBBox = CombineAlignedBBoxes(bodyBBox, subBBox);
    bodyBBox = CombineAlignedBBoxes(bodyBBox, supBBox);
    }
    else {
    supBBox = RenderOffsetElement(sup, 0, u, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    bodyBBox = CombineBBoxes(bodyBBox, supBBox);
    }
    if (draw)
    PMoveTo(savedX + bboxWidth(bodyBBox), savedY, mc);
    SetStyle(style, mc, gc);
    return bodyBBox;
}


/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for Accented Expressions (widehat, bar, widetilde, ...)
 *
 */

#define ACCENT_GAP  0.2
#define HAT_HEIGHT  0.3

#define NTILDE      8
#define DELTA       0.05

static int WideTildeAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) && NameMatch(expr, "widetilde");
}

static BBOX RenderWideTilde(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
                pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    double savedX = mc->CurrentX;
    double savedY = mc->CurrentY;
    BBOX bbox = RenderElement(CADR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd);
    double height = bboxHeight(bbox);
    /*double width = bboxWidth(bbox);*/
    double totalwidth = bboxWidth(bbox) + bboxItalic(bbox);
    double delta = totalwidth * (1 - 2 * DELTA) / NTILDE;
    double start = DELTA * totalwidth;
    double accentGap = ACCENT_GAP * XHeight(gc, dd);
    double hatHeight = 0.5 * HAT_HEIGHT * XHeight(gc, dd);
    double c = M_2PI / NTILDE;
    double x[NTILDE + 3], y[NTILDE + 3];
    double baseX, baseY, xval, yval;
    int i;

    if (draw) {
    int savedlty = gc->lty;
    double savedlwd = gc->lwd;
    baseX = savedX;
    baseY = savedY + height + accentGap;
    PMoveTo(baseX, baseY, mc);
    x[0] = ConvertedX(mc, dd);
    y[0] = ConvertedY(mc, dd);
    for (i = 0; i <= NTILDE; i++) {
        xval = start + i * delta;
        yval = 0.5 * hatHeight * (sin(c * i) + 1);
        PMoveTo(baseX + xval, baseY + yval, mc);
        x[i + 1] = ConvertedX(mc, dd);
        y[i + 1] = ConvertedY(mc, dd);
    }
    PMoveTo(baseX + totalwidth, baseY + hatHeight, mc);
    x[NTILDE + 2] = ConvertedX(mc, dd);
    y[NTILDE + 2] = ConvertedY(mc, dd);
    gc->lty = LTY_SOLID;
    if (gc->lwd > 1)
        gc->lwd = 1;
    GEPolyline(NTILDE + 3, x, y, gc, dd);
    PMoveTo(savedX + totalwidth, savedY, mc);
    gc->lty = savedlty;
    gc->lwd = savedlwd;
    }
    return MakeBBox(height + accentGap + hatHeight,
            bboxDepth(bbox), totalwidth);
}

static int WideHatAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) && NameMatch(expr, "widehat");
}

static BBOX RenderWideHat(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
              pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    double savedX = mc->CurrentX;
    double savedY = mc->CurrentY;
    BBOX bbox = RenderElement(CADR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd);
    double accentGap = ACCENT_GAP * XHeight(gc, dd);
    double hatHeight = HAT_HEIGHT * XHeight(gc, dd);
    double totalwidth = bboxWidth(bbox) + bboxItalic(bbox);
    double height = bboxHeight(bbox);
    double width = bboxWidth(bbox);
    double x[3], y[3];

    if (draw) {
    int savedlty = gc->lty;
    double savedlwd = gc->lwd;
    PMoveTo(savedX, savedY + height + accentGap, mc);
    x[0] = ConvertedX(mc, dd);
    y[0] = ConvertedY(mc, dd);
    PMoveAcross(0.5 * totalwidth, mc);
    PMoveUp(hatHeight, mc);
    x[1] = ConvertedX(mc, dd);
    y[1] = ConvertedY(mc, dd);
    PMoveAcross(0.5 * totalwidth, mc);
    PMoveUp(-hatHeight, mc);
    x[2] = ConvertedX(mc, dd);
    y[2] = ConvertedY(mc, dd);
    gc->lty = LTY_SOLID;
    if (gc->lwd > 1)
        gc->lwd = 1;
    GEPolyline(3, x, y, gc, dd);
    PMoveTo(savedX + width, savedY, mc);
    gc->lty = savedlty;
    gc->lwd = savedlwd;
    }
    return EnlargeBBox(bbox, accentGap + hatHeight, 0, 0);
}

static int BarAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) && NameMatch(expr, "bar");
}

static BBOX RenderBar(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
              pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    double savedX = mc->CurrentX;
    double savedY = mc->CurrentY;
    BBOX bbox = RenderElement(CADR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd);
    double accentGap = ACCENT_GAP * XHeight(gc, dd);
    /*double hatHeight = HAT_HEIGHT * XHeight(gc, dd);*/
    double height = bboxHeight(bbox);
    double width = bboxWidth(bbox);
    double offset = bboxItalic(bbox);
    double x[2], y[2];

    if (draw) {
    int savedlty = gc->lty;
    double savedlwd = gc->lwd;
    PMoveTo(savedX + offset, savedY + height + accentGap, mc);
    x[0] = ConvertedX(mc, dd);
    y[0] = ConvertedY(mc, dd);
    PMoveAcross(width, mc);
    x[1] = ConvertedX(mc, dd);
    y[1] = ConvertedY(mc, dd);
    gc->lty = LTY_SOLID;
    if (gc->lwd > 1)
        gc->lwd = 1;
    GEPolyline(2, x, y, gc, dd);
    PMoveTo(savedX + width, savedY, mc);
    gc->lty = savedlty;
    gc->lwd = savedlwd;
    }
    return EnlargeBBox(bbox, accentGap, 0, 0);
}

static struct {
    char *name;
    int code;
}
AccentTable[] = {
    { "hat",         94 },
    { "ring",       176 },
    { "tilde",      126 },
    { "dot",            215 },
    { NULL,       0 },
};

static int AccentCode(SEXP expr)
{
    int i;
    for (i = 0; AccentTable[i].code; i++)
    if (NameMatch(expr, AccentTable[i].name))
        return AccentTable[i].code;
    return 0;
}

static int AccentAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) && (AccentCode(expr) != 0);
}

NORET static void InvalidAccent(SEXP expr)
{
    errorcall(expr, _("invalid accent"));
}

static BBOX RenderAccent(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
             pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    SEXP body, accent;
    double savedX = mc->CurrentX;
    double savedY = mc->CurrentY;
    BBOX bodyBBox, accentBBox;
    double xoffset, yoffset, width, italic;
    int code;
    if (length(expr) != 2)
    InvalidAccent(expr);
    accent = CAR(expr);
    body = CADR(expr);
    code = AccentCode(accent);
    if (code == 0)
    InvalidAccent(expr);
    bodyBBox = RenderElement(body, 0, mc, gc, dd);
    italic = bboxItalic(bodyBBox);
    if (code == 176 || /* ring (as degree) */
    code == 215)   /* dotmath */
    accentBBox = RenderSymbolChar(code, 0, mc, gc, dd);
    else
    accentBBox = RenderChar(code, 0, mc, gc, dd);
    width = max(bboxWidth(bodyBBox) + bboxItalic(bodyBBox),
        bboxWidth(accentBBox));
    xoffset = 0.5 *(width - bboxWidth(bodyBBox));
    bodyBBox = RenderGap(xoffset, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    bodyBBox = CombineBBoxes(bodyBBox, RenderElement(body, draw, mc, gc, dd));
    bodyBBox = CombineBBoxes(bodyBBox, RenderGap(xoffset, draw, mc, gc, dd));
    PMoveTo(savedX, savedY, mc);
    xoffset = 0.5 *(width - bboxWidth(accentBBox))
    + 0.9 * italic;
    yoffset = bboxHeight(bodyBBox) + bboxDepth(accentBBox) +
    0.1 * XHeight(gc, dd);
    if (draw) {
    PMoveTo(savedX + xoffset, savedY + yoffset, mc);
    if (code == 176 || /* ring (as degree) */
        code == 215) /* dotmath */
        RenderSymbolChar(code, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else
        RenderChar(code, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    }
    bodyBBox = CombineOffsetBBoxes(bodyBBox, 0, accentBBox, 0,
                   xoffset, yoffset);
    if (draw)
    PMoveTo(savedX + width, savedY, mc);
    return bodyBBox;
}


/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for Fraction Expressions  (over, atop)
 *
 *  Rules 15, 15a, ..., 15e of the TeXBook
 *
 */

static void NumDenomVShift(BBOX numBBox, BBOX denomBBox,
               double *u, double *v,
               mathContext *mc, pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    double a, delta, phi, theta;
    a = TeX(sigma22, gc, dd);
    theta = TeX(xi8, gc, dd);
    if(mc->CurrentStyle > STYLE_T) {
    *u = TeX(sigma8, gc, dd);
    *v = TeX(sigma11, gc, dd);
    phi = 3 * theta;
    }
    else {
    *u = TeX(sigma9, gc, dd);
    *v = TeX(sigma12, gc, dd);
    phi = theta;
    }
    delta = (*u - bboxDepth(numBBox)) - (a + 0.5 * theta);
    /*
     * Numerators and denominators on fractions appear too far from
     * horizontal bar.
     * Reread of Knuth suggests removing "+ theta" components below.
     */
    if (delta < phi)
    *u += (phi - delta); /* + theta; */
    delta = (a + 0.5 * theta) - (bboxHeight(denomBBox) - *v);
    if (delta < phi)
    *v += (phi - delta); /* + theta; */
}

static void NumDenomHShift(BBOX numBBox, BBOX denomBBox,
               double *numShift, double *denomShift)
{
    double numWidth = bboxWidth(numBBox);
    double denomWidth = bboxWidth(denomBBox);
    if (numWidth > denomWidth) {
    *numShift = 0;
    *denomShift = (numWidth - denomWidth) / 2;
    }
    else {
    *numShift = (denomWidth - numWidth) / 2;
    *denomShift = 0;
    }
}

static BBOX RenderFraction(SEXP expr, int rule, int draw,
               mathContext *mc, pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    SEXP numerator = CADR(expr);
    SEXP denominator = CADDR(expr);
    BBOX numBBox, denomBBox;
    double nHShift, dHShift;
    double nVShift, dVShift;
    double width, x[2], y[2];
    double savedX = mc->CurrentX;
    double savedY = mc->CurrentY;
    STYLE style;

    style = GetStyle(mc);
    SetNumStyle(style, mc, gc);
    numBBox = RenderItalicCorr(RenderElement(numerator, 0, mc, gc, dd), 0,
                   mc, gc, dd);
    SetDenomStyle(style, mc, gc);
    denomBBox = RenderItalicCorr(RenderElement(denominator, 0, mc, gc, dd), 0,
                 mc, gc, dd);
    SetStyle(style, mc, gc);

    width = max(bboxWidth(numBBox), bboxWidth(denomBBox));
    NumDenomHShift(numBBox, denomBBox, &nHShift, &dHShift);
    NumDenomVShift(numBBox, denomBBox, &nVShift, &dVShift, mc, gc, dd);

    mc->CurrentX = savedX;
    mc->CurrentY = savedY;
    SetNumStyle(style, mc, gc);
    numBBox = RenderOffsetElement(numerator, nHShift, nVShift, draw, mc,
                  gc, dd);

    mc->CurrentX = savedX;
    mc->CurrentY = savedY;
    SetDenomStyle(style, mc, gc);
    denomBBox = RenderOffsetElement(denominator, dHShift, -dVShift, draw,
                    mc, gc, dd);

    SetStyle(style, mc, gc);

    if (draw) {
    if (rule) {
        int savedlty = gc->lty;
        double savedlwd = gc->lwd;
        mc->CurrentX = savedX;
        mc->CurrentY = savedY;
        PMoveUp(AxisHeight(gc, dd), mc);
        x[0] = ConvertedX(mc, dd);
        y[0] = ConvertedY(mc, dd);
        PMoveAcross(width, mc);
        x[1] = ConvertedX(mc, dd);
        y[1] = ConvertedY(mc, dd);
        gc->lty = LTY_SOLID;
        if (gc->lwd > 1)
        gc->lwd = 1;
        GEPolyline(2, x, y, gc, dd);
        PMoveUp(-AxisHeight(gc, dd), mc);
        gc->lty = savedlty;
        gc->lwd = savedlwd;
    }
    PMoveTo(savedX + width, savedY, mc);
    }
    return CombineAlignedBBoxes(numBBox, denomBBox);
}

static BBOX RenderUnderline(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
                pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    SEXP body = CADR(expr);
    BBOX BBox;
    double width, adepth, depth, x[2], y[2];
    double savedX = mc->CurrentX;
    double savedY = mc->CurrentY;

    BBox = RenderItalicCorr(RenderElement(body, 0, mc, gc, dd), 0, mc, gc, dd);
    width = bboxWidth(BBox);

    mc->CurrentX = savedX;
    mc->CurrentY = savedY;
    BBox = RenderElement(body, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    adepth = 0.1 * XHeight(gc, dd);
    depth = bboxDepth(BBox) + adepth;

    if (draw) {
    int savedlty = gc->lty;
    double savedlwd = gc->lwd;
    mc->CurrentX = savedX;
    mc->CurrentY = savedY;
    PMoveUp(-depth, mc);
    x[0] = ConvertedX(mc, dd);
    y[0] = ConvertedY(mc, dd);
    PMoveAcross(width, mc);
    x[1] = ConvertedX(mc, dd);
    y[1] = ConvertedY(mc, dd);
    gc->lty = LTY_SOLID;
    if (gc->lwd > 1)
        gc->lwd = 1;
    GEPolyline(2, x, y, gc, dd);
    PMoveUp(depth, mc);
    gc->lty = savedlty;
    gc->lwd = savedlwd;
    PMoveTo(savedX + width, savedY, mc);
    }
    return EnlargeBBox(BBox, 0.0, adepth, 0.0);
}


static int OverAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) &&
    (NameMatch(expr, "over") || NameMatch(expr, "frac"));
}

static BBOX RenderOver(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
               pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    return RenderFraction(expr, 1, draw, mc, gc, dd);
}

static int UnderlAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) && NameMatch(expr, "underline");
}

static BBOX RenderUnderl(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
             pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    return RenderUnderline(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
}


static int AtopAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) && NameMatch(expr, "atop");
}

static BBOX RenderAtop(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
               pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    return RenderFraction(expr, 0, draw, mc, gc, dd);
}

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for Grouped Expressions  (e.g. ( ... ))
 *
 *    group(ldelim, body, rdelim)
 *
 *    bgroup(ldelim, body, rdelim)
 *
 */

#define DelimSymbolMag 1.25

static int DelimCode(SEXP expr, SEXP head)
{
    int code = 0;
    if (NameAtom(head)) {
    if (NameMatch(head, "lfloor"))
        code = S_BRACKETLEFTBT;
    else if (NameMatch(head, "rfloor"))
        code = S_BRACKETRIGHTBT;
    else if (NameMatch(head, "lceil"))
        code = S_BRACKETLEFTTP;
    else if (NameMatch(head, "rceil"))
        code = S_BRACKETRIGHTTP;
    else if (NameMatch(head, "langle"))
        code = S_ANGLELEFT;
    else if (NameMatch(head, "rangle"))
        code = S_ANGLERIGHT;
    }
    else if (StringAtom(head) && length(head) > 0) {
    if (StringMatch(head, "|"))
        code = '|';
    else if (StringMatch(head, "||"))  // historical anomaly
        code = '|';
    else if (StringMatch(head, "("))
        code = '(';
    else if (StringMatch(head, ")"))
        code = ')';
    else if (StringMatch(head, "["))
        code = '[';
    else if (StringMatch(head, "]"))
        code = ']';
    else if (StringMatch(head, "{"))
        code = '{';
    else if (StringMatch(head, "}"))
        code = '}';
    else if (StringMatch(head, "") || StringMatch(head, "."))
        code = '.';
    }
    if (code == 0)
    errorcall(expr, _("invalid group delimiter"));
    return code;
}

static BBOX RenderDelimiter(int delim, int draw, mathContext *mc,
                pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bbox;
    double savecex = gc->cex;
    gc->cex = DelimSymbolMag * gc->cex;
    bbox = RenderSymbolChar(delim, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    gc->cex = savecex;
    return bbox;
}

static int GroupAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) && NameMatch(expr, "group");
}

static BBOX RenderGroup(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
            pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    double cexSaved = gc->cex;
    BBOX bbox;
    int code;
    if (length(expr) != 4)
    errorcall(expr, _("invalid group specification"));
    bbox = NullBBox();
    code = DelimCode(expr, CADR(expr));
    gc->cex = DelimSymbolMag * gc->cex;
    if (code != '.')
    bbox = RenderSymbolChar(code, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    gc->cex = cexSaved;
    bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderElement(CADDR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd));
    bbox = RenderItalicCorr(bbox, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    code = DelimCode(expr, CADDDR(expr));
    gc->cex = DelimSymbolMag * gc->cex;
    if (code != '.')
    bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderSymbolChar(code, draw, mc, gc, dd));
    gc->cex = cexSaved;
    return bbox;
}

static int BGroupAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) && NameMatch(expr, "bgroup");
}

static BBOX RenderDelim(int which, double dist, int draw, mathContext *mc,
            pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    double savedX = mc->CurrentX;
    double savedY = mc->CurrentY;
    FontType prev = SetFont(SymbolFont, gc);
    BBOX ansBBox, topBBox, botBBox, extBBox, midBBox;
    int top, bot, ext, mid;
    int i, n;
    double topShift, botShift, extShift, midShift;
    double ytop, ybot, extHeight, delta;
    double axisHeight = TeX(sigma22, gc, dd);

    switch(which) {
    case '.':
    SetFont(prev, gc);
    return NullBBox();
    break;
    case '|':
    top = 239; ext = 239; bot = 239; mid = 0;
    break;
    case '(':
    top = 230; ext = 231; bot = 232; mid = 0;
    break;
    case ')':
    top = 246; ext = 247; bot = 248; mid = 0;
    break;
    case '[':
    top = 233; ext = 234; bot = 235; mid = 0;
    break;
    case ']':
    top = 249; ext = 250; bot = 251; mid = 0;
    break;
    case '{':
    top = 236; ext = 239; bot = 238; mid = 237;
    break;
    case '}':
    top = 252; ext = 239; bot = 254; mid = 253;
    break;
    default:
    error(_("group is incomplete"));
    return NullBBox();/*never reached*/
    }
    topBBox = GlyphBBox(top, gc, dd);
    extBBox = GlyphBBox(ext, gc, dd);
    botBBox = GlyphBBox(bot, gc, dd);
    if (which == '{' || which == '}') {
    if (1.2 * (bboxHeight(topBBox) + bboxDepth(topBBox)) > dist)
        dist = 1.2 * (bboxHeight(topBBox) + bboxDepth(botBBox));
    }
    else {
    if (0.8 * (bboxHeight(topBBox) + bboxDepth(topBBox)) > dist)
        dist = 0.8 * (bboxHeight(topBBox) + bboxDepth(topBBox));
    }
    extHeight = bboxHeight(extBBox) + bboxDepth(extBBox);
    topShift = dist - bboxHeight(topBBox) + axisHeight;
    botShift = dist - bboxDepth(botBBox) - axisHeight;
    extShift = 0.5 * (bboxHeight(extBBox) - bboxDepth(extBBox));
    topBBox = ShiftBBox(topBBox, topShift);
    botBBox = ShiftBBox(botBBox, -botShift);
    ansBBox = CombineAlignedBBoxes(topBBox, botBBox);
    if (which == '{' || which == '}') {
    midBBox = GlyphBBox(mid, gc, dd);
    midShift = axisHeight
        - 0.5 * (bboxHeight(midBBox) - bboxDepth(midBBox));
    midBBox = ShiftBBox(midBBox, midShift);
    ansBBox = CombineAlignedBBoxes(ansBBox, midBBox);
    if (draw) {
        PMoveTo(savedX, savedY + topShift, mc);
        RenderSymbolChar(top, draw, mc, gc, dd);
        PMoveTo(savedX, savedY + midShift, mc);
        RenderSymbolChar(mid, draw, mc, gc, dd);
        PMoveTo(savedX, savedY - botShift, mc);
        RenderSymbolChar(bot, draw, mc, gc, dd);
        PMoveTo(savedX + bboxWidth(ansBBox), savedY, mc);
    }
    }
    else {
    if (draw) {
        /* draw the top and bottom elements */
        PMoveTo(savedX, savedY + topShift, mc);
        RenderSymbolChar(top, draw, mc, gc, dd);
        PMoveTo(savedX, savedY - botShift, mc);
        RenderSymbolChar(bot, draw, mc, gc, dd);
        /* now join with extenders */
        ytop = axisHeight + dist
        - (bboxHeight(topBBox) + bboxDepth(topBBox));
        ybot = axisHeight - dist
        + (bboxHeight(botBBox) + bboxDepth(botBBox));
        n = (int) ceil((ytop - ybot) / (0.99 * extHeight));
        if (n > 0) {
        delta = (ytop - ybot) / n;
        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            PMoveTo(savedX, savedY + ybot +
                (i + 0.5) * delta - extShift, mc);
            RenderSymbolChar(ext, draw, mc, gc, dd);
        }
        }
        PMoveTo(savedX + bboxWidth(ansBBox), savedY, mc);

    }
    }
    SetFont(prev, gc);
    return ansBBox;
}

static BBOX RenderBGroup(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
             pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    double dist;
    BBOX bbox;
    double axisHeight = TeX(sigma22, gc, dd);
    double extra = 0.2 * xHeight(gc, dd);
    int delim1, delim2;
    if (length(expr) != 4)
    errorcall(expr, _("invalid group specification"));
    bbox = NullBBox();
    delim1 = DelimCode(expr, CADR(expr));
    delim2 = DelimCode(expr, CADDDR(expr));
    bbox = RenderElement(CADDR(expr), 0, mc, gc, dd);
    dist = max(bboxHeight(bbox) - axisHeight, bboxDepth(bbox) + axisHeight);
    bbox = RenderDelim(delim1, dist + extra, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox,  RenderElement(CADDR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd));
    bbox = RenderItalicCorr(bbox, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox,  RenderDelim(delim2, dist + extra, draw, mc,
                        gc, dd));
    return bbox;
}

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for Parenthetic Expressions  (i.e. ( ... ))
 *
 */

static int ParenAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) && NameMatch(expr, "(");
}

static BBOX RenderParen(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
            pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bbox;
    bbox = RenderDelimiter(S_PARENLEFT, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderElement(CADR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd));
    bbox = RenderItalicCorr(bbox, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    return CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderDelimiter(S_PARENRIGHT, draw, mc, gc, dd));
}

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for Integral Operators.
 *
 */

static int IntAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) && NameMatch(expr, "integral");
}


static BBOX RenderIntSymbol(int draw, mathContext *mc, pGEcontext gc,
                pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    double savedX = mc->CurrentX;
    double savedY = mc->CurrentY;
    if (GetStyle(mc) > STYLE_T) {
    BBOX bbox1 = RenderSymbolChar(243, 0, mc, gc, dd);
    BBOX bbox2 = RenderSymbolChar(245, 0, mc, gc, dd);
    double shift;
    shift = TeX(sigma22, gc, dd) + 0.99 * bboxDepth(bbox1);
    PMoveUp(shift, mc);
    bbox1 = ShiftBBox(RenderSymbolChar(243, draw, mc, gc, dd), shift);
    mc->CurrentX = savedX;
    mc->CurrentY = savedY;
    shift = TeX(sigma22, gc, dd) - 0.99 * bboxHeight(bbox2);
    PMoveUp(shift, mc);
    bbox2 = ShiftBBox(RenderSymbolChar(245, draw, mc, gc, dd), shift);
    if (draw)
        PMoveTo(savedX + max(bboxWidth(bbox1), bboxWidth(bbox2)),
            savedY, mc);
    else
        PMoveTo(savedX, savedY, mc);
    return CombineAlignedBBoxes(bbox1, bbox2);
    }
    else {
    return RenderSymbolChar(0362, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    }
}

static BBOX RenderInt(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
              pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX opBBox, lowerBBox, upperBBox, bodyBBox;
    int nexpr = length(expr);
    STYLE style = GetStyle(mc);
    double savedX = mc->CurrentX;
    double savedY = mc->CurrentY;
    double hshift, vshift, width;

    opBBox = RenderIntSymbol(draw, mc, gc, dd);
    width = bboxWidth(opBBox);
    mc->CurrentX = savedX;
    mc->CurrentY = savedY;
    if (nexpr > 2) {
    hshift = 0.5 * width + ThinSpace(gc, dd);
    SetSubStyle(style, mc, gc);
    lowerBBox = RenderElement(CADDR(expr), 0, mc, gc, dd);
    vshift = bboxDepth(opBBox) + CenterShift(lowerBBox);
    lowerBBox = RenderOffsetElement(CADDR(expr), hshift, -vshift, draw,
                    mc, gc, dd);
    opBBox = CombineAlignedBBoxes(opBBox, lowerBBox);
    SetStyle(style, mc, gc);
    mc->CurrentX = savedX;
    mc->CurrentY = savedY;
    }
    if (nexpr > 3) {
    hshift = width + ThinSpace(gc, dd);
    SetSupStyle(style, mc, gc);
    upperBBox = RenderElement(CADDDR(expr), 0, mc, gc, dd);
    vshift = bboxHeight(opBBox) - CenterShift(upperBBox);
    upperBBox = RenderOffsetElement(CADDDR(expr), hshift, vshift, draw,
                    mc, gc, dd);
    opBBox = CombineAlignedBBoxes(opBBox, upperBBox);
    SetStyle(style, mc, gc);
    mc->CurrentX = savedX;
    mc->CurrentY = savedY;
    }
    PMoveAcross(bboxWidth(opBBox), mc);
    if (nexpr > 1) {
    bodyBBox = RenderElement(CADR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd);
    opBBox = CombineBBoxes(opBBox, bodyBBox);
    }
    return opBBox;
}


/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for Operator Expressions (sum, product, lim, inf, sup, ...)
 *
 */

#define OperatorSymbolMag  1.25

static SymTab OpTable[] = {
    { "prod",       S_PRODUCT },
    { "sum",        S_SUM },
    { "union",      S_UNION },
    { "intersect",  S_INTERSECTION },
    { "lim",        N_LIM },
    { "liminf",     N_LIMINF },
    { "limsup",     N_LIMINF },
    { "inf",        N_INF },
    { "sup",        N_SUP },
    { "min",        N_MIN },
    { "max",        N_MAX },
    { NULL,     0 }
};

static int OpAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    int i;
    for (i = 0; OpTable[i].code; i++)
    if (NameMatch(expr, OpTable[i].name))
        return OpTable[i].code;
    return 0;
}

static BBOX RenderOpSymbol(SEXP op, int draw, mathContext *mc,
               pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bbox;
    double cexSaved = gc->cex;
    /*double savedX = mc->CurrentX;*/
    /*double savedY = mc->CurrentY;*/
    double shift;
    int display = (GetStyle(mc) > STYLE_T);
    int opId = OpAtom(op);

    if (opId == S_SUM || opId == S_PRODUCT ||
    opId == S_UNION || opId == S_INTERSECTION) {
    if (display) {
        gc->cex = OperatorSymbolMag * gc->cex;
        bbox = RenderSymbolChar(OpAtom(op), 0, mc, gc, dd);
        shift = 0.5 * (bboxHeight(bbox) - bboxDepth(bbox)) -
        TeX(sigma22, gc, dd);
        if (draw) {
        PMoveUp(-shift, mc);
        bbox = RenderSymbolChar(opId, 1, mc, gc, dd);
        PMoveUp(shift, mc);
        }
        gc->cex = cexSaved;
        return ShiftBBox(bbox, -shift);
    }
    else return RenderSymbolChar(opId, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    }
    else {
    FontType prevfont = SetFont(PlainFont, gc);
    bbox = RenderStr(CHAR(PRINTNAME(op)), draw, mc, gc, dd);
    SetFont(prevfont, gc);
    return bbox;
    }
}

static BBOX RenderOp(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
             pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX lowerBBox = NullBBox() /* -Wall */, upperBBox = NullBBox(), bodyBBox;
    double savedX = mc->CurrentX;
    double savedY = mc->CurrentY;
    int nexpr = length(expr);
    STYLE style = GetStyle(mc);
    BBOX opBBox = RenderOpSymbol(CAR(expr), 0, mc, gc, dd);
    double width = bboxWidth(opBBox);
    double hshift, lvshift, uvshift;
    lvshift = uvshift = 0;  /* -Wall */
    if (nexpr > 2) {
    SetSubStyle(style, mc, gc);
    lowerBBox = RenderElement(CADDR(expr), 0, mc, gc, dd);
    SetStyle(style, mc, gc);
    width = max(width, bboxWidth(lowerBBox));
    lvshift = max(TeX(xi10, gc, dd), TeX(xi12, gc, dd) -
              bboxHeight(lowerBBox));
    lvshift = bboxDepth(opBBox) + bboxHeight(lowerBBox) + lvshift;
    }
    if (nexpr > 3) {
    SetSupStyle(style, mc, gc);
    upperBBox = RenderElement(CADDDR(expr), 0, mc, gc, dd);
    SetStyle(style, mc, gc);
    width = max(width, bboxWidth(upperBBox));
    uvshift = max(TeX(xi9, gc, dd), TeX(xi11, gc, dd) -
              bboxDepth(upperBBox));
    uvshift = bboxHeight(opBBox) + bboxDepth(upperBBox) + uvshift;
    }
    hshift = 0.5 * (width - bboxWidth(opBBox));
    opBBox = RenderGap(hshift, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    opBBox = CombineBBoxes(opBBox,
               RenderOpSymbol(CAR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd));
    mc->CurrentX = savedX;
    mc->CurrentY = savedY;
    if (nexpr > 2) {
    SetSubStyle(style, mc, gc);
    hshift = 0.5 * (width - bboxWidth(lowerBBox));
    lowerBBox = RenderOffsetElement(CADDR(expr), hshift, -lvshift, draw,
                    mc, gc, dd);
    SetStyle(style, mc, gc);
    opBBox = CombineAlignedBBoxes(opBBox, lowerBBox);
    mc->CurrentX = savedX;
    mc->CurrentY = savedY;
    }
    if (nexpr > 3) {
    SetSupStyle(style, mc, gc);
    hshift = 0.5 * (width - bboxWidth(upperBBox));
    upperBBox = RenderOffsetElement(CADDDR(expr), hshift, uvshift, draw,
                    mc, gc, dd);
    SetStyle(style, mc, gc);
    opBBox = CombineAlignedBBoxes(opBBox, upperBBox);
    mc->CurrentX = savedX;
    mc->CurrentY = savedY;
    }
    opBBox = EnlargeBBox(opBBox, TeX(xi13, gc, dd), TeX(xi13, gc, dd), 0);
    if (draw)
    PMoveAcross(width, mc);
    opBBox = CombineBBoxes(opBBox,
               RenderGap(ThinSpace(gc, dd), draw, mc, gc, dd));
    bodyBBox = RenderElement(CADR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd);
    return CombineBBoxes(opBBox, bodyBBox);
}


/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for radical expressions (root, sqrt)
 *
 *  Tunable parameteters :
 *
 *  RADICAL_GAP    The gap between the nucleus and the radical extension.
 *  RADICAL_SPACE  Extra space to the left and right of the nucleus.
 *
 */

#define RADICAL_GAP    0.4
#define RADICAL_SPACE  0.2

static int RadicalAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) &&
    (NameMatch(expr, "root") ||
     NameMatch(expr, "sqrt"));
}

static BBOX RenderScript(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
             pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bbox;
    STYLE style = GetStyle(mc);
    SetSupStyle(style, mc, gc);
    bbox = RenderElement(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    SetStyle(style, mc, gc);
    return bbox;
}

static BBOX RenderRadical(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
              pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    SEXP body = CADR(expr);
    SEXP order = CADDR(expr);
    BBOX bodyBBox, orderBBox;
    double radWidth, radHeight;
    double leadWidth, leadHeight, twiddleHeight;
    double hshift, vshift;
    double radGap, radSpace, radTrail;
    STYLE style = GetStyle(mc);
    double savedX = mc->CurrentX;
    double savedY = mc->CurrentY;
    double x[5], y[5];

    radGap = RADICAL_GAP * xHeight(gc, dd);
    radSpace = RADICAL_SPACE * xHeight(gc, dd);
    radTrail = MuSpace(gc, dd);
    SetPrimeStyle(style, mc, gc);
    bodyBBox = RenderElement(body, 0, mc, gc, dd);
    bodyBBox = RenderItalicCorr(bodyBBox, 0, mc, gc, dd);

    radWidth = 0.6 *XHeight(gc, dd);
    radHeight = bboxHeight(bodyBBox) + radGap;
    twiddleHeight = CenterShift(bodyBBox);

    leadWidth = radWidth;
    leadHeight = radHeight;
    if (order != R_NilValue) {
    SetSupStyle(style, mc, gc);
    orderBBox = RenderScript(order, 0, mc, gc, dd);
    leadWidth = max(leadWidth, bboxWidth(orderBBox) + 0.4 * radWidth);
    hshift = leadWidth - bboxWidth(orderBBox) - 0.4 * radWidth;
    vshift = leadHeight - bboxHeight(orderBBox);
    if (vshift - bboxDepth(orderBBox) < twiddleHeight + radGap)
        vshift = twiddleHeight + bboxDepth(orderBBox) + radGap;
    if (draw) {
        PMoveTo(savedX + hshift, savedY + vshift, mc);
        orderBBox = RenderScript(order, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    }
    orderBBox = EnlargeBBox(orderBBox, vshift, 0, hshift);
    }
    else
    orderBBox = NullBBox();
    if (draw) {
    int savedlty = gc->lty;
    double savedlwd = gc->lwd;
    PMoveTo(savedX + leadWidth - radWidth, savedY, mc);
    PMoveUp(0.8 * twiddleHeight, mc);
    x[0] = ConvertedX(mc, dd);
    y[0] = ConvertedY(mc, dd);
    PMoveUp(0.2 * twiddleHeight, mc);
    PMoveAcross(0.3 * radWidth, mc);
    x[1] = ConvertedX(mc, dd);
    y[1] = ConvertedY(mc, dd);
    PMoveUp(-(twiddleHeight + bboxDepth(bodyBBox)), mc);
    PMoveAcross(0.3 * radWidth, mc);
    x[2] = ConvertedX(mc, dd);
    y[2] = ConvertedY(mc, dd);
    PMoveUp(bboxDepth(bodyBBox) + bboxHeight(bodyBBox) + radGap, mc);
    PMoveAcross(0.4 * radWidth, mc);
    x[3] = ConvertedX(mc, dd);
    y[3] = ConvertedY(mc, dd);
    PMoveAcross(radSpace + bboxWidth(bodyBBox) + radTrail, mc);
    x[4] = ConvertedX(mc, dd);
    y[4] = ConvertedY(mc, dd);
    gc->lty = LTY_SOLID;
    if (gc->lwd > 1)
        gc->lwd = 1;
    GEPolyline(5, x, y, gc, dd);
    PMoveTo(savedX, savedY, mc);
    gc->lty = savedlty;
    gc->lwd = savedlwd;
    }
    orderBBox =
    CombineAlignedBBoxes(orderBBox,
                 RenderGap(leadWidth + radSpace, draw, mc, gc, dd));
    SetPrimeStyle(style, mc, gc);
    orderBBox = CombineBBoxes(orderBBox,
                  RenderElement(body, draw, mc, gc, dd));
    orderBBox = CombineBBoxes(orderBBox,
                  RenderGap(2 * radTrail, draw, mc, gc, dd));
    orderBBox = EnlargeBBox(orderBBox, radGap, 0, 0);/* << fixes PR#1101 */
    SetStyle(style, mc, gc);
    return orderBBox;
}

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for Absolute Value Expressions (abs)
 *
 */

static int AbsAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) && NameMatch(expr, "abs");
}

static BBOX RenderAbs(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
              pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bbox = RenderElement(CADR(expr), 0, mc, gc, dd);
    double height = bboxHeight(bbox);
    double depth = bboxDepth(bbox);
    double x[2], y[2];

    bbox= RenderGap(MuSpace(gc, dd), draw, mc, gc, dd);
    if (draw) {
    int savedlty = gc->lty;
    double savedlwd = gc->lwd;
    PMoveUp(-depth, mc);
    x[0] = ConvertedX(mc, dd);
    y[0] = ConvertedY(mc, dd);
    PMoveUp(depth + height, mc);
    x[1] = ConvertedX(mc, dd);
    y[1] = ConvertedY(mc, dd);
    gc->lty = LTY_SOLID;
    if (gc->lwd > 1)
        gc->lwd = 1;
    GEPolyline(2, x, y, gc, dd);
    PMoveUp(-height, mc);
    gc->lty = savedlty;
    gc->lwd = savedlwd;
    }
    bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderGap(MuSpace(gc, dd), draw, mc, gc, dd));
    bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderElement(CADR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd));
    bbox = RenderItalicCorr(bbox, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderGap(MuSpace(gc, dd), draw, mc, gc, dd));
    if (draw) {
    int savedlty = gc->lty;
    double savedlwd = gc->lwd;
    PMoveUp(-depth, mc);
    x[0] = ConvertedX(mc, dd);
    y[0] = ConvertedY(mc, dd);
    PMoveUp(depth + height, mc);
    x[1] = ConvertedX(mc, dd);
    y[1] = ConvertedY(mc, dd);
    gc->lty = LTY_SOLID;
    if (gc->lwd > 1)
        gc->lwd = 1;
    GEPolyline(2, x, y, gc, dd);
    PMoveUp(-height, mc);
    gc->lty = savedlty;
    gc->lwd = savedlwd;
    }
    bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderGap(MuSpace(gc, dd), draw, mc, gc, dd));
    return bbox;
}

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for Grouped Expressions (i.e. { ... } )
 *
 */

static int CurlyAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) &&
    NameMatch(expr, "{");
}

static BBOX RenderCurly(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
            pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    return RenderElement(CADR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd);
}


/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for Relation Expressions (i.e. ... ==, !=, ...)
 *
 */

                /* Binary Relationships */
static
SymTab RelTable[] = {
    { "<",       60 },  /* less */
    { "==",      61 },  /* equal */
    { ">",       62 },  /* greater */
    { "%=~%",        64 },  /* congruent */
    { "!=",     185 },  /* not equal */
    { "<=",     163 },  /* less or equal */
    { ">=",     179 },  /* greater or equal */
    { "%==%",       186 },  /* equivalence */
    { "%~~%",       187 },  /* approxequal */
    { "%prop%",         181 },  /* proportional to */
    { "%~%",            126 },  /* distributed as */

    { "%<->%",      171 },  /* Arrows */
    { "%<-%",       172 },
    { "%up%",       173 },
    { "%->%",       174 },
    { "%down%",     175 },
    { "%<=>%",      219 },
    { "%<=%",       220 },
    { "%dblup%",    221 },
    { "%=>%",       222 },
    { "%dbldown%",  223 },

    { "%supset%",   201 },  /* Sets (TeX Names) */
    { "%supseteq%", 202 },
    { "%notsubset%",    203 },
    { "%subset%",   204 },
    { "%subseteq%", 205 },
    { "%in%",       206 },
    { "%notin%",    207 },

    { NULL,       0 },
};

static int RelAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    int i;
    for (i = 0; RelTable[i].code; i++)
    if (NameMatch(expr, RelTable[i].name))
        return RelTable[i].code;
    return 0;
}

static BBOX RenderRel(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
              pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    int op = RelAtom(CAR(expr));
    int nexpr = length(expr);
    BBOX bbox;
    double gap;

    if(nexpr == 3) {
    gap = (mc->CurrentStyle > STYLE_S) ? ThickSpace(gc, dd) : 0;
    bbox = RenderElement(CADR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd);
    bbox = RenderItalicCorr(bbox, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderGap(gap, draw, mc, gc, dd));
    bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderSymbolChar(op, draw, mc, gc, dd));
    bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderGap(gap, draw, mc, gc, dd));
    return
        CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderElement(CADDR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd));
    }
    else error(_("invalid mathematical annotation"));

    return NullBBox();      /* -Wall */
}


/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for Boldface Expressions
 *
 */

static int BoldAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) &&
    NameMatch(expr, "bold");
}

static BBOX RenderBold(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
               pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bbox;
    FontType prevfont = SetFont(BoldFont, gc);
    bbox = RenderElement(CADR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd);
    SetFont(prevfont, gc);
    return bbox;
}

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for Italic Expressions
 *
 */

static int ItalicAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) &&
    (NameMatch(expr, "italic") || NameMatch(expr, "math"));
}

static BBOX RenderItalic(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
             pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bbox;
    FontType prevfont = SetFont(ItalicFont, gc);
    bbox = RenderElement(CADR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd);
    SetFont(prevfont, gc);
    return bbox;
}

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for Plain (i.e. Roman) Expressions
 *
 */

static int PlainAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) &&
    NameMatch(expr, "plain");
}

static BBOX RenderPlain(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
            pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bbox;
    int prevfont = SetFont(PlainFont, gc);
    bbox = RenderElement(CADR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd);
    SetFont(prevfont, gc);
    return bbox;
}

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for SymbolFace (i.e. font = 5) Expressions
 *
 *  This makes the default font an Adobe Symbol Encoded font
 *  (provides access to any character in the Adobe Symbol Font
 *   encoding via strings like "\042" for the universal ["for all"]
 *   symbol, without the need for separate special names for each
 *   of these symbols).
 *
 */

static int SymbolFaceAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) &&
    NameMatch(expr, "symbol");
}

static BBOX RenderSymbolFace(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
                 pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bbox;
    int prevfont = SetFont(SymbolFont, gc);
    bbox = RenderElement(CADR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd);
    SetFont(prevfont, gc);
    return bbox;
}

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for Bold Italic Expressions
 *
 */

static int BoldItalicAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) &&
    (NameMatch(expr, "bolditalic") || NameMatch(expr, "boldmath"));
}

static BBOX RenderBoldItalic(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
                 pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bbox;
    int prevfont = SetFont(BoldItalicFont, gc);
    bbox = RenderElement(CADR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd);
    SetFont(prevfont, gc);
    return bbox;
}

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for Styles
 *
 */

static int StyleAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return (NameAtom(expr) &&
        (NameMatch(expr, "displaystyle") ||
         NameMatch(expr, "textstyle")    ||
         NameMatch(expr, "scriptstyle")   ||
         NameMatch(expr, "scriptscriptstyle")));
}

static BBOX RenderStyle(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
            pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    STYLE prevstyle = GetStyle(mc);
    BBOX bbox;
    if (NameMatch(CAR(expr), "displaystyle"))
    SetStyle(STYLE_D, mc, gc);
    else if (NameMatch(CAR(expr), "textstyle"))
    SetStyle(STYLE_T, mc, gc);
    else if (NameMatch(CAR(expr), "scriptstyle"))
    SetStyle(STYLE_S, mc, gc);
    else if (NameMatch(CAR(expr), "scriptscriptstyle"))
    SetStyle(STYLE_SS, mc, gc);
    bbox = RenderElement(CADR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd);
    SetStyle(prevstyle, mc, gc);
    return bbox;
}

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for Phantom Expressions
 *
 */

static int PhantomAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return (NameAtom(expr) &&
        (NameMatch(expr, "phantom") ||
         NameMatch(expr, "vphantom")));
}

static BBOX RenderPhantom(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
              pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bbox = RenderElement(CADR(expr), 0, mc, gc, dd);
    if (NameMatch(CAR(expr), "vphantom")) {
    bboxWidth(bbox) = 0;
    bboxItalic(bbox) = 0;
    }
    else RenderGap(bboxWidth(bbox), draw, mc, gc, dd);
    return bbox;
}

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for Concatenate Expressions
 *
 */

static int ConcatenateAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) && NameMatch(expr, "paste");
}

static BBOX RenderConcatenate(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
                  pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bbox = NullBBox();
    int i, n;

    expr = CDR(expr);
    n = length(expr);

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderElement(CAR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd));
    if (i != n - 1)
        bbox = RenderItalicCorr(bbox, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    expr = CDR(expr);
    }
    return bbox;
}

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for Comma-Separated Lists
 *
 */

static BBOX RenderCommaList(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
                pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bbox = NullBBox();
    double small = 0.4 * ThinSpace(gc, dd);
    int i, n;
    n = length(expr);
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    if (NameAtom(CAR(expr)) && NameMatch(CAR(expr), "...")) {
        if (i > 0) {
        bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderSymbolChar(S_COMMA, draw,
                                mc, gc, dd));
        bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderSymbolChar(S_SPACE, draw,
                                mc, gc, dd));
        }
        bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderSymbolChar(S_ELLIPSIS, draw,
                            mc, gc, dd));
        bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderGap(small, draw, mc, gc, dd));
    }
    else {
        if (i > 0) {
        bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderSymbolChar(S_COMMA, draw,
                                mc, gc, dd));
        bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderSymbolChar(S_SPACE, draw,
                                mc, gc, dd));
        }
        bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderElement(CAR(expr), draw, mc,
                             gc, dd));
    }
    expr = CDR(expr);
    }
    return bbox;
}

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for General Expressions
 *
 */

static BBOX RenderExpression(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
                 pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bbox;
    if (NameAtom(CAR(expr)))
    bbox = RenderSymbolString(CAR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else
    bbox = RenderElement(CAR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd);
    bbox = RenderItalicCorr(bbox, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderDelimiter(S_PARENLEFT, draw, mc, gc, dd));
    bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderCommaList(CDR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd));
    bbox = RenderItalicCorr(bbox, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    bbox = CombineBBoxes(bbox, RenderDelimiter(S_PARENRIGHT, draw, mc, gc, dd));
    return bbox;
}

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *  Code for Comma Separated List Expressions
 *
 */

static int ListAtom(SEXP expr)
{
    return NameAtom(expr) && NameMatch(expr, "list");
}

static BBOX RenderList(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
               pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    return RenderCommaList(CDR(expr), draw, mc, gc, dd);
}

/* Dispatching procedure which determines nature of expression. */


static BBOX RenderFormula(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
              pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    SEXP head = CAR(expr);

    if (SpaceAtom(head))
    return RenderSpace(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (BinAtom(head))
    return RenderBin(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (SuperAtom(head))
    return RenderSup(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (SubAtom(head))
    return RenderSub(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (WideTildeAtom(head))
    return RenderWideTilde(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (WideHatAtom(head))
    return RenderWideHat(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (BarAtom(head))
    return RenderBar(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (AccentAtom(head))
    return RenderAccent(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (OverAtom(head))
    return RenderOver(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (UnderlAtom(head))
    return RenderUnderl(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (AtopAtom(head))
    return RenderAtop(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (ParenAtom(head))
    return RenderParen(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (BGroupAtom(head))
    return RenderBGroup(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (GroupAtom(head))
    return RenderGroup(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (IntAtom(head))
    return RenderInt(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (OpAtom(head))
    return RenderOp(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (RadicalAtom(head))
    return RenderRadical(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (AbsAtom(head))
    return RenderAbs(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (CurlyAtom(head))
    return RenderCurly(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (RelAtom(head))
    return RenderRel(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (BoldAtom(head))
    return RenderBold(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (ItalicAtom(head))
    return RenderItalic(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (PlainAtom(head))
    return RenderPlain(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (SymbolFaceAtom(head))
    return RenderSymbolFace(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (BoldItalicAtom(head))
    return RenderBoldItalic(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (StyleAtom(head))
    return RenderStyle(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (PhantomAtom(head))
    return RenderPhantom(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (ConcatenateAtom(head))
    return RenderConcatenate(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else if (ListAtom(head))
    return RenderList(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else
    return RenderExpression(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
}


/* Dispatch on whether atom (symbol, string, number, ...) */
/* or formula (some sort of expression) */

static BBOX RenderElement(SEXP expr, int draw, mathContext *mc,
              pGEcontext gc, pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    if (FormulaExpression(expr))
    return RenderFormula(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    else
    return RenderAtom(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
}

static BBOX RenderOffsetElement(SEXP expr, double x, double y, int draw,
                mathContext *mc, pGEcontext gc,
                pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bbox;
    double savedX = mc->CurrentX;
    double savedY = mc->CurrentY;
    if (draw) {
    mc->CurrentX += x;
    mc->CurrentY += y;
    }
    bbox = RenderElement(expr, draw, mc, gc, dd);
    bboxWidth(bbox) += x;
    bboxHeight(bbox) += y;
    bboxDepth(bbox) -= y;
    mc->CurrentX = savedX;
    mc->CurrentY = savedY;
    return bbox;

}

/* Functions forming the R API */

/* Calculate width of expression */
/* BBOXes are in INCHES (see MetricUnit) */

double GEExpressionWidth(SEXP expr,
             pGEcontext gc,
             pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bbox;
    double width;

    /*
     * Build a "drawing context" for the current expression
     */
    mathContext mc;
    mc.BaseCex = gc->cex;
    mc.BoxColor = 4291543295U;  // name2col("pink");
    mc.CurrentStyle = STYLE_D;
    /*
     * Some "empty" values.  Will be filled in after BBox is calc'ed
     */
    mc.ReferenceX = 0;
    mc.ReferenceY = 0;
    mc.CurrentX = 0;
    mc.CurrentY = 0;
    mc.CurrentAngle = 0;
    mc.CosAngle = 0;
    mc.SinAngle = 0;

    SetFont(PlainFont, gc);
    bbox = RenderElement(expr, 0, &mc, gc, dd);
    width  = bboxWidth(bbox);
    /*
     * NOTE that we do fabs() here in case the device
     * runs right-to-left.
     * This is so that these calculations match those
     * for string widths and heights, where the width
     * and height of text is positive no matter how
     * the device drawing is oriented.
     */
    return fabs(toDeviceWidth(width, GE_INCHES, dd));
}

double GEExpressionHeight(SEXP expr,
              pGEcontext gc,
              pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bbox;
    double height;

    /*
     * Build a "drawing context" for the current expression
     */
    mathContext mc;
    mc.BaseCex = gc->cex;
    mc.BoxColor = 4291543295U;  // name2col("pink");
    mc.CurrentStyle = STYLE_D;
    /*
     * Some "empty" values.  Will be filled in after BBox is calc'ed
     */
    mc.ReferenceX = 0;
    mc.ReferenceY = 0;
    mc.CurrentX = 0;
    mc.CurrentY = 0;
    mc.CurrentAngle = 0;
    mc.CosAngle = 0;
    mc.SinAngle = 0;

    SetFont(PlainFont, gc);
    bbox = RenderElement(expr, 0, &mc, gc, dd);
    height = bboxHeight(bbox) + bboxDepth(bbox);
    /* NOTE that we do fabs() here in case the device
     * draws top-to-bottom (like an X11 window).
     * This is so that these calculations match those
     * for string widths and heights, where the width
     * and height of text is positive no matter how
     * the device drawing is oriented.
     */
    return fabs(toDeviceHeight(height, GE_INCHES, dd));
}

void GEExpressionMetric(SEXP expr,
                        const pGEcontext gc,
                        double *ascent, double *descent, double *width,
                        pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bbox;

    /*
     * Build a "drawing context" for the current expression
     */
    mathContext mc;
    mc.BaseCex = gc->cex;
    mc.BoxColor = 4291543295U;  // name2col("pink");
    mc.CurrentStyle = STYLE_D;
    /*
     * Some "empty" values.  Will be filled in after BBox is calc'ed
     */
    mc.ReferenceX = 0;
    mc.ReferenceY = 0;
    mc.CurrentX = 0;
    mc.CurrentY = 0;
    mc.CurrentAngle = 0;
    mc.CosAngle = 0;
    mc.SinAngle = 0;

    SetFont(PlainFont, gc);
    bbox = RenderElement(expr, 0, &mc, gc, dd);
    /* NOTE that we do fabs() here in case the device
     * draws top-to-bottom (like an X11 window).
     * This is so that these calculations match those
     * for string widths and heights, where the width
     * and height of text is positive no matter how
     * the device drawing is oriented.
     */
    *width = fabs(toDeviceWidth(bboxWidth(bbox), GE_INCHES, dd));
    *ascent = fabs(toDeviceHeight(bboxHeight(bbox), GE_INCHES, dd));
    *descent = fabs(toDeviceHeight(bboxDepth(bbox), GE_INCHES, dd));
}

void GEMathText(double x, double y, SEXP expr,
        double xc, double yc, double rot,
        pGEcontext gc,
        pGEDevDesc dd)
{
    BBOX bbox;
    mathContext mc;

    /* If font metric information is not available for device
       then bail out */
    double ascent, descent, width;
    GEMetricInfo('M', gc, &ascent, &descent, &width, dd);
    if ((ascent == 0.0) && (descent == 0.0) && (width == 0.0))
    error(_("Metric information not available for this family/device"));

    /*
     * Build a "drawing context" for the current expression
     */
    mc.BaseCex = gc->cex;
    mc.BoxColor = 4291543295U;  // name2col("pink");
    mc.CurrentStyle = STYLE_D;

    /*
     * Some "empty" values.  Will be filled in after BBox is calc'ed
     */
    mc.ReferenceX = 0;
    mc.ReferenceY = 0;
    mc.CurrentX = 0;
    mc.CurrentY = 0;
    mc.CurrentAngle = 0;
    mc.CosAngle = 0;
    mc.SinAngle = 0;

    SetFont(PlainFont, gc);
    bbox = RenderElement(expr, 0, &mc, gc, dd);
    mc.ReferenceX = fromDeviceX(x, GE_INCHES, dd);
    mc.ReferenceY = fromDeviceY(y, GE_INCHES, dd);
    if (R_FINITE(xc))
    mc.CurrentX = mc.ReferenceX - xc * bboxWidth(bbox);
    else
    /* Paul 2002-02-11
     * If xc == NA then should centre horizontally.
     * Used to left-adjust.
     */
    mc.CurrentX = mc.ReferenceX - 0.5 * bboxWidth(bbox);
    if (R_FINITE(yc))
    mc.CurrentY = mc.ReferenceY + bboxDepth(bbox)
        - yc * (bboxHeight(bbox) + bboxDepth(bbox));
    else
    /* Paul 11/2/02
     * If xc == NA then should centre vertically.
     * Used to bottom-adjust.
     */
    mc.CurrentY = mc.ReferenceY + bboxDepth(bbox)
        - 0.5 * (bboxHeight(bbox) + bboxDepth(bbox));
    mc.CurrentAngle = rot;
    rot *= M_PI_2 / 90 ;/* radians */
    mc.CosAngle = cos(rot);
    mc.SinAngle = sin(rot);
    RenderElement(expr, 1, &mc, gc, dd);
}/* GEMathText */