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/** R : A Computer Language for Statistical Data Analysis* Copyright (C) 1995, 1996 Robert Gentleman and Ross Ihaka* Copyright (C) 1997--2015 The R Core Team** This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify* it under the terms of the GNU General Pulic License as published by* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or* (at your option) any later version.** This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the* GNU General Public License for more details.** You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License* along with this program; if not, a copy is available at* https://www.R-project.org/Licenses/*//* The character functions in this file arenzchar nchar substr substr<- abbreviate tolower toupper chartr strtrimand the utilitymake.namesThe regex functionsstrsplit grep [g]sub [g]regexpr agrephere prior to 2.10.0 are now in grep.c and agrep.cmake.unique, duplicated, unique, match, pmatch, charmatch are in unique.ciconv is in sysutils.cCharacter strings in R are less than 2^31-1 bytes, so we use int not size_t.Support for UTF-8-encoded strings in non-UTF-8 locales======================================================Comparison is done directly unless you happen to be comparing the samestring in different encodings.nzchar and nchar(, "bytes") are independent of the encodingnchar(, "char") nchar(, "width") handle UTF-8 directly, translate Latin-1substr substr<- handle UTF-8 and Latin-1 directlytolower toupper chartr translate UTF-8 to wchar, rest to current charsetwhich needs Unicode wide charactersabbreviate strtrim translateAll the string matching functions handle UTF-8 directly, otherwisetranslate (latin1 to UTF-8, otherwise to native).Support for "bytes" marked encoding===================================nzchar and nchar(, "bytes") are independent of the encoding.nchar(, "char") nchar(, "width") give NA (if allowed) or error.substr substr<- work in bytesabbreviate chartr make.names strtrim tolower toupper give error.*/#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H# include <config.h>#endif#include <Defn.h>#include <Internal.h>#include <errno.h>#include <R_ext/RS.h> /* for Calloc/Free */#include <Rinternals.h> // R_nchar()#include <rlocale.h>/* We use a shared buffer here to avoid reallocing small buffers, andkeep a standard-size (MAXELTSIZE = 8192) buffer allocated sharedbetween the various functions.If we want to make this thread-safe, we would need to initialize aninstance non-statically in each using function, but this would addto the overhead.*/#include "RBufferUtils.h"static R_StringBuffer cbuff = {NULL, 0, MAXELTSIZE};/* Functions to perform analogues of the standard C string library. *//* Most are vectorized *//* primitive */SEXP attribute_hidden do_nzchar(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP x, ans;int nargs = length(args);// checkArity(op, args); .Primitive() & may have 1 or 2 args nowif (nargs < 1 || nargs > 2)errorcall(call,ngettext("%d argument passed to '%s' which requires %d to %d","%d arguments passed to '%s' which requires %d to %d",(unsigned long) nargs),nargs, PRIMNAME(op), 1, 2);check1arg(args, call, "x");if (isFactor(CAR(args)))error(_("'%s' requires a character vector"), "nzchar()");PROTECT(x = coerceVector(CAR(args), STRSXP));if (!isString(x))error(_("'%s' requires a character vector"), "nzchar()");int keepNA = FALSE; // the defaultif(nargs > 1) {keepNA = asLogical(CADR(args));if (keepNA == NA_LOGICAL) keepNA = FALSE;}R_xlen_t i, len = XLENGTH(x);PROTECT(ans = allocVector(LGLSXP, len));if (keepNA)for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {SEXP sxi = STRING_ELT(x, i);LOGICAL(ans)[i] = (sxi == NA_STRING) ? NA_LOGICAL : LENGTH(sxi) > 0;}elsefor (i = 0; i < len; i++)LOGICAL(ans)[i] = LENGTH(STRING_ELT(x, i)) > 0;UNPROTECT(2);return ans;}int R_nchar(SEXP string, nchar_type type_,Rboolean allowNA, Rboolean keepNA, const char* msg_name){if (string == NA_STRING)return keepNA ? NA_INTEGER : 2;// else :switch(type_) {case Bytes:return LENGTH(string);break;case Chars:if (IS_UTF8(string)) {const char *p = CHAR(string);if (!utf8Valid(p)) {if (!allowNA)error(_("invalid multibyte string, %s"), msg_name);return NA_INTEGER;} else {int nc = 0;for( ; *p; p += utf8clen(*p)) nc++;return nc;}} else if (IS_BYTES(string)) {if (!allowNA) /* could do chars 0 */error(_("number of characters is not computable in \"bytes\" encoding, %s"),msg_name);return NA_INTEGER;} else if (mbcslocale) {int nc = (int) mbstowcs(NULL, translateChar(string), 0);if (!allowNA && nc < 0)error(_("invalid multibyte string, %s"), msg_name);return (nc >= 0 ? nc : NA_INTEGER);} elsereturn ((int) strlen(translateChar(string)));break;case Width:if (IS_UTF8(string)) {const char *p = CHAR(string);if (!utf8Valid(p)) {if (!allowNA)error(_("invalid multibyte string, %s"), msg_name);return NA_INTEGER;} else {wchar_t wc1;int nc = 0;for( ; *p; p += utf8clen(*p)) {utf8toucs(&wc1, p);nc += Ri18n_wcwidth(wc1);}return nc;}} else if (IS_BYTES(string)) {if (!allowNA) /* could do width 0 */error(_("width is not computable for %s in \"bytes\" encoding"),msg_name);return NA_INTEGER;} else if (mbcslocale) {const char *xi = translateChar(string);int nc = (int) mbstowcs(NULL, xi, 0);if (nc >= 0) {const void *vmax = vmaxget();wchar_t *wc = (wchar_t *)R_AllocStringBuffer((nc+1)*sizeof(wchar_t), &cbuff);mbstowcs(wc, xi, nc + 1);int nci18n = Ri18n_wcswidth(wc, 2147483647);vmaxset(vmax);return (nci18n < 1) ? nc : nci18n;} else if (allowNA)error(_("invalid multibyte string, %s"), msg_name);elsereturn NA_INTEGER;} elsereturn (int) strlen(translateChar(string));} // switchreturn NA_INTEGER; // -Wall} // R_nchar()SEXP attribute_hidden do_nchar(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP d, s, x, stype;int nargs = length(args);#ifdef R_version_3_4_or_socheckArity(op, args);#else// will work also for code byte-compiled *before* 'keepNA' was introducedif (nargs < 3 || nargs > 4)errorcall(call,ngettext("%d argument passed to '%s' which requires %d to %d","%d arguments passed to '%s' which requires %d to %d",(unsigned long) nargs),nargs, PRIMNAME(op), 3, 4);#endifif (isFactor(CAR(args)))error(_("'%s' requires a character vector"), "nchar()");PROTECT(x = coerceVector(CAR(args), STRSXP));if (!isString(x))error(_("'%s' requires a character vector"), "nchar()");R_xlen_t len = XLENGTH(x);stype = CADR(args);if (!isString(stype) || LENGTH(stype) != 1)error(_("invalid '%s' argument"), "type");const char *type = CHAR(STRING_ELT(stype, 0)); /* always ASCII */size_t ntype = strlen(type);if (ntype == 0) error(_("invalid '%s' argument"), "type");nchar_type type_;if (strncmp(type, "bytes", ntype) == 0) type_ = Bytes;else if (strncmp(type, "chars", ntype) == 0) type_ = Chars;else if (strncmp(type, "width", ntype) == 0) type_ = Width;else error(_("invalid '%s' argument"), "type");int allowNA = asLogical(CADDR(args));if (allowNA == NA_LOGICAL) allowNA = 0;int keepNA;if(nargs >= 4) {keepNA = asLogical(CADDDR(args));if (keepNA == NA_LOGICAL) // defaultkeepNA = (type_ == Width) ? FALSE : TRUE;} else keepNA = (type_ == Width) ? FALSE : TRUE;PROTECT(s = allocVector(INTSXP, len));int *s_ = INTEGER(s);for (R_xlen_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {SEXP sxi = STRING_ELT(x, i);char msg_i[20]; sprintf(msg_i, "element %ld", (long)i+1);s_[i] = R_nchar(sxi, type_, allowNA, keepNA, msg_i);}R_FreeStringBufferL(&cbuff);if ((d = getAttrib(x, R_NamesSymbol)) != R_NilValue)setAttrib(s, R_NamesSymbol, d);if ((d = getAttrib(x, R_DimSymbol)) != R_NilValue)setAttrib(s, R_DimSymbol, d);if ((d = getAttrib(x, R_DimNamesSymbol)) != R_NilValue)setAttrib(s, R_DimNamesSymbol, d);UNPROTECT(2);return s;}static void substr(char *buf, const char *str, int ienc, int sa, int so){/* Store the substring str [sa:so] into buf[] */int i, j, used;if (ienc == CE_UTF8) {const char *end = str + strlen(str);for (i = 0; i < so && str < end; i++) {int used = utf8clen(*str);if (i < sa - 1) { str += used; continue; }for (j = 0; j < used; j++) *buf++ = *str++;}} else if (ienc == CE_LATIN1 || ienc == CE_BYTES) {for (str += (sa - 1), i = sa; i <= so; i++) *buf++ = *str++;} else {if (mbcslocale && !strIsASCII(str)) {const char *end = str + strlen(str);mbstate_t mb_st;mbs_init(&mb_st);for (i = 1; i < sa; i++) str += Mbrtowc(NULL, str, MB_CUR_MAX, &mb_st);for (i = sa; i <= so && str < end; i++) {used = (int) Mbrtowc(NULL, str, MB_CUR_MAX, &mb_st);for (j = 0; j < used; j++) *buf++ = *str++;}} elsefor (str += (sa - 1), i = sa; i <= so; i++) *buf++ = *str++;}*buf = '\0';}SEXP attribute_hidden do_substr(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP s, x, sa, so, el;R_xlen_t i, len;int start, stop, k, l;size_t slen;cetype_t ienc;const char *ss;char *buf;checkArity(op, args);x = CAR(args);sa = CADR(args);so = CADDR(args);k = LENGTH(sa);l = LENGTH(so);if (!isString(x))error(_("extracting substrings from a non-character object"));len = XLENGTH(x);PROTECT(s = allocVector(STRSXP, len));if (len > 0) {if (!isInteger(sa) || !isInteger(so) || k == 0 || l == 0)error(_("invalid substring arguments"));for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {start = INTEGER(sa)[i % k];stop = INTEGER(so)[i % l];el = STRING_ELT(x,i);if (el == NA_STRING || start == NA_INTEGER || stop == NA_INTEGER) {SET_STRING_ELT(s, i, NA_STRING);continue;}ienc = getCharCE(el);ss = CHAR(el);slen = strlen(ss); /* FIXME -- should handle embedded nuls */buf = R_AllocStringBuffer(slen+1, &cbuff);if (start < 1) start = 1;if (start > stop || start > slen) {buf[0] = '\0';} else {if (stop > slen) stop = (int) slen;substr(buf, ss, ienc, start, stop);}SET_STRING_ELT(s, i, mkCharCE(buf, ienc));}R_FreeStringBufferL(&cbuff);}SHALLOW_DUPLICATE_ATTRIB(s, x);/* This copied the class, if any */UNPROTECT(1);return s;}static voidsubstrset(char *buf, const char *const str, cetype_t ienc, int sa, int so){/* Replace the substring buf[sa:so] by str[] */int i, in = 0, out = 0;if (ienc == CE_UTF8) {for (i = 1; i < sa; i++) buf += utf8clen(*buf);for (i = sa; i <= so && in < strlen(str); i++) {in += utf8clen(str[in]);out += utf8clen(buf[out]);if (!str[in]) break;}if (in != out) memmove(buf+in, buf+out, strlen(buf+out)+1);memcpy(buf, str, in);} else if (ienc == CE_LATIN1 || ienc == CE_BYTES) {in = (int) strlen(str);out = so - sa + 1;memcpy(buf + sa - 1, str, (in < out) ? in : out);} else {/* This cannot work for stateful encodings */if (mbcslocale) {for (i = 1; i < sa; i++) buf += Mbrtowc(NULL, buf, MB_CUR_MAX, NULL);/* now work out how many bytes to replace by how many */for (i = sa; i <= so && in < strlen(str); i++) {in += (int) Mbrtowc(NULL, str+in, MB_CUR_MAX, NULL);out += (int) Mbrtowc(NULL, buf+out, MB_CUR_MAX, NULL);if (!str[in]) break;}if (in != out) memmove(buf+in, buf+out, strlen(buf+out)+1);memcpy(buf, str, in);} else {in = (int) strlen(str);out = so - sa + 1;memcpy(buf + sa - 1, str, (in < out) ? in : out);}}}SEXP attribute_hidden do_substrgets(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP s, x, sa, so, value, el, v_el;R_xlen_t i, len;int start, stop, k, l, v;size_t slen;cetype_t ienc, venc;const char *ss, *v_ss;char *buf;const void *vmax;checkArity(op, args);x = CAR(args);sa = CADR(args);so = CADDR(args);value = CADDDR(args);k = LENGTH(sa);l = LENGTH(so);if (!isString(x))error(_("replacing substrings in a non-character object"));len = LENGTH(x);PROTECT(s = allocVector(STRSXP, len));if (len > 0) {if (!isInteger(sa) || !isInteger(so) || k == 0 || l == 0)error(_("invalid substring arguments"));v = LENGTH(value);if (!isString(value) || v == 0) error(_("invalid value"));vmax = vmaxget();for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {el = STRING_ELT(x, i);v_el = STRING_ELT(value, i % v);start = INTEGER(sa)[i % k];stop = INTEGER(so)[i % l];if (el == NA_STRING || v_el == NA_STRING ||start == NA_INTEGER || stop == NA_INTEGER) {SET_STRING_ELT(s, i, NA_STRING);continue;}ienc = getCharCE(el);ss = CHAR(el);slen = strlen(ss);if (start < 1) start = 1;if (stop > slen) stop = (int) slen; /* SBCS optimization */if (start > stop) {/* just copy element across */SET_STRING_ELT(s, i, STRING_ELT(x, i));} else {int ienc2 = ienc;v_ss = CHAR(v_el);/* is the value in the same encoding?FIXME: could prefer UTF-8 here*/venc = getCharCE(v_el);if (venc != ienc && !strIsASCII(v_ss)) {ss = translateChar(el);slen = strlen(ss);v_ss = translateChar(v_el);ienc2 = CE_NATIVE;}/* might expand under MBCS */buf = R_AllocStringBuffer(slen+strlen(v_ss), &cbuff);strcpy(buf, ss);substrset(buf, v_ss, ienc2, start, stop);SET_STRING_ELT(s, i, mkCharCE(buf, ienc2));}vmaxset(vmax);}R_FreeStringBufferL(&cbuff);}UNPROTECT(1);return s;}/* Abbreviatelong names in the S-designated fashion:1) spaces2) lower case vowels3) lower case consonants4) upper case letters5) special characters.Letters are dropped from the end of wordsand at least one letter is retained from each word.If unique abbreviations are not produced letters are added until theresults are unique (duplicated names are removed prior to entry).names, minlength, use.classes, dot*/#define FIRSTCHAR(i) (isspace((int)buff1[i-1]))#define LASTCHAR(i) (!isspace((int)buff1[i-1]) && (!buff1[i+1] || isspace((int)buff1[i+1])))#define LOWVOW(i) (buff1[i] == 'a' || buff1[i] == 'e' || buff1[i] == 'i' || \buff1[i] == 'o' || buff1[i] == 'u')/* memmove does allow overlapping src and dest */static void mystrcpy(char *dest, const char *src){memmove(dest, src, strlen(src)+1);}/* abbreviate(inchar, minlen) */static SEXP stripchars(const char * const inchar, int minlen){/* This routine used to use strcpy with overlapping dest and src.That is not allowed by ISO C.*/int i, j, nspace = 0, upper;char *buff1 = cbuff.data;mystrcpy(buff1, inchar);upper = (int)(strlen(buff1) - 1);/* remove leading blanks */j = 0;for (i = 0 ; i < upper ; i++)if (isspace((int)buff1[i]))j++;elsebreak;mystrcpy(buff1, &buff1[j]);upper = (int)(strlen(buff1) - 1);if (strlen(buff1) < minlen)goto donesc;for (i = upper, j = 1; i > 0; i--) {if (isspace((int)buff1[i])) {if (j)buff1[i] = '\0' ;elsenspace++;}elsej = 0;/*strcpy(buff1[i],buff1[i+1]);*/if (strlen(buff1) - nspace <= minlen)goto donesc;}upper = (int)(strlen(buff1) - 1);for (i = upper; i > 0; i--) {if (LOWVOW(i) && LASTCHAR(i))mystrcpy(&buff1[i], &buff1[i + 1]);if (strlen(buff1) - nspace <= minlen)goto donesc;}upper = (int)(strlen(buff1) - 1);for (i = upper; i > 0; i--) {if (LOWVOW(i) && !FIRSTCHAR(i))mystrcpy(&buff1[i], &buff1[i + 1]);if (strlen(buff1) - nspace <= minlen)goto donesc;}upper = (int)(strlen(buff1) - 1);for (i = upper; i > 0; i--) {if (islower((int)buff1[i]) && LASTCHAR(i))mystrcpy(&buff1[i], &buff1[i + 1]);if (strlen(buff1) - nspace <= minlen)goto donesc;}upper = (int)(strlen(buff1) - 1);for (i = upper; i > 0; i--) {if (islower((int)buff1[i]) && !FIRSTCHAR(i))mystrcpy(&buff1[i], &buff1[i + 1]);if (strlen(buff1) - nspace <= minlen)goto donesc;}/* all else has failed so we use brute force */upper = (int)(strlen(buff1) - 1);for (i = upper; i > 0; i--) {if (!FIRSTCHAR(i) && !isspace((int)buff1[i]))mystrcpy(&buff1[i], &buff1[i + 1]);if (strlen(buff1) - nspace <= minlen)goto donesc;}donesc:upper = (int) strlen(buff1);if (upper > minlen)for (i = upper - 1; i > 0; i--)if (isspace((int)buff1[i]))mystrcpy(&buff1[i], &buff1[i + 1]);return(mkChar(buff1));}SEXP attribute_hidden do_abbrev(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP x, ans;R_xlen_t i, len;int minlen;Rboolean warn = FALSE;const char *s;const void *vmax;checkArity(op,args);x = CAR(args);if (!isString(x))error(_("the first argument must be a character vector"));len = XLENGTH(x);PROTECT(ans = allocVector(STRSXP, len));minlen = asInteger(CADR(args));vmax = vmaxget();for (i = 0 ; i < len ; i++) {if (STRING_ELT(x, i) == NA_STRING)SET_STRING_ELT(ans, i, NA_STRING);else {s = translateChar(STRING_ELT(x, i));if(strlen(s) > minlen) {warn = warn | !strIsASCII(s);R_AllocStringBuffer(strlen(s), &cbuff);SET_STRING_ELT(ans, i, stripchars(s, minlen));} else SET_STRING_ELT(ans, i, mkChar(s));}vmaxset(vmax);}if (warn) warning(_("abbreviate used with non-ASCII chars"));SHALLOW_DUPLICATE_ATTRIB(ans, x);/* This copied the class, if any */R_FreeStringBufferL(&cbuff);UNPROTECT(1);return(ans);}SEXP attribute_hidden do_makenames(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP arg, ans;R_xlen_t i, n;int l, allow_;char *p, *tmp = NULL, *cbuf;const char *This;Rboolean need_prefix;const void *vmax;checkArity(op ,args);arg = CAR(args);if (!isString(arg))error(_("non-character names"));n = XLENGTH(arg);allow_ = asLogical(CADR(args));if (allow_ == NA_LOGICAL)error(_("invalid '%s' value"), "allow_");PROTECT(ans = allocVector(STRSXP, n));vmax = vmaxget();for (i = 0 ; i < n ; i++) {This = translateChar(STRING_ELT(arg, i));l = (int) strlen(This);/* need to prefix names not beginning with alpha or ., aswell as . followed by a number */need_prefix = FALSE;if (mbcslocale && This[0]) {int nc = l, used;wchar_t wc;mbstate_t mb_st;const char *pp = This;mbs_init(&mb_st);used = (int) Mbrtowc(&wc, pp, MB_CUR_MAX, &mb_st);pp += used; nc -= used;if (wc == L'.') {if (nc > 0) {Mbrtowc(&wc, pp, MB_CUR_MAX, &mb_st);if (iswdigit(wc)) need_prefix = TRUE;}} else if (!iswalpha(wc)) need_prefix = TRUE;} else {if (This[0] == '.') {if (l >= 1 && isdigit(0xff & (int) This[1])) need_prefix = TRUE;} else if (!isalpha(0xff & (int) This[0])) need_prefix = TRUE;}if (need_prefix) {tmp = Calloc(l+2, char);strcpy(tmp, "X");strcat(tmp, translateChar(STRING_ELT(arg, i)));} else {tmp = Calloc(l+1, char);strcpy(tmp, translateChar(STRING_ELT(arg, i)));}if (mbcslocale) {/* This cannot lengthen the string, so safe to overwrite it.Would also be possible a char at a time.*/int nc = (int) mbstowcs(NULL, tmp, 0);wchar_t *wstr = Calloc(nc+1, wchar_t), *wc;if (nc >= 0) {mbstowcs(wstr, tmp, nc+1);for (wc = wstr; *wc; wc++) {if (*wc == L'.' || (allow_ && *wc == L'_'))/* leave alone */;else if (!iswalnum((int)*wc)) *wc = L'.';/* If it changes into dot here,* length will become short on mbcs.* The name which became short will contain garbage.* cf.* > make.names(c("\u30fb"))* [1] "X.\0"*/}wcstombs(tmp, wstr, strlen(tmp)+1);Free(wstr);} else error(_("invalid multibyte string %d"), i+1);} else {for (p = tmp; *p; p++) {if (*p == '.' || (allow_ && *p == '_')) /* leave alone */;else if (!isalnum(0xff & (int)*p)) *p = '.';/* else leave alone */}}l = (int) strlen(tmp); /* needed? */SET_STRING_ELT(ans, i, mkChar(tmp));/* do we have a reserved word? If so the name is invalid */if (!isValidName(tmp)) {/* FIXME: could use R_Realloc instead */cbuf = CallocCharBuf(strlen(tmp) + 1);strcpy(cbuf, tmp);strcat(cbuf, ".");SET_STRING_ELT(ans, i, mkChar(cbuf));Free(cbuf);}Free(tmp);vmaxset(vmax);}UNPROTECT(1);return ans;}SEXP attribute_hidden do_tolower(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP x, y;R_xlen_t i, n;int ul;char *p;SEXP el;cetype_t ienc;Rboolean use_UTF8 = FALSE;const void *vmax;checkArity(op, args);ul = PRIMVAL(op); /* 0 = tolower, 1 = toupper */x = CAR(args);/* coercion is done in wrapper */if (!isString(x)) error(_("non-character argument"));n = XLENGTH(x);PROTECT(y = allocVector(STRSXP, n));#if defined(Win32) || defined(__STDC_ISO_10646__) || defined(__APPLE__) || defined(__FreeBSD__)/* utf8towcs is really to UCS-4/2 */for (i = 0; i < n; i++)if (getCharCE(STRING_ELT(x, i)) == CE_UTF8) use_UTF8 = TRUE;if (mbcslocale || use_UTF8 == TRUE)#elseif (mbcslocale)#endif{int nb, nc, j;wctrans_t tr = wctrans(ul ? "toupper" : "tolower");wchar_t * wc;char * cbuf;vmax = vmaxget();/* the translated string need not be the same length in bytes */for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {el = STRING_ELT(x, i);if (el == NA_STRING) SET_STRING_ELT(y, i, NA_STRING);else {const char *xi;ienc = getCharCE(el);if (use_UTF8 && ienc == CE_UTF8) {xi = CHAR(el);nc = (int) utf8towcs(NULL, xi, 0);} else {xi = translateChar(el);nc = (int) mbstowcs(NULL, xi, 0);ienc = CE_NATIVE;}if (nc >= 0) {/* FIXME use this buffer for new string as well */wc = (wchar_t *)R_AllocStringBuffer((nc+1)*sizeof(wchar_t), &cbuff);if (ienc == CE_UTF8) {utf8towcs(wc, xi, nc + 1);for (j = 0; j < nc; j++) wc[j] = towctrans(wc[j], tr);nb = (int) wcstoutf8(NULL, wc, 0);cbuf = CallocCharBuf(nb);wcstoutf8(cbuf, wc, nb + 1);SET_STRING_ELT(y, i, mkCharCE(cbuf, CE_UTF8));} else {mbstowcs(wc, xi, nc + 1);for (j = 0; j < nc; j++) wc[j] = towctrans(wc[j], tr);nb = (int) wcstombs(NULL, wc, 0);cbuf = CallocCharBuf(nb);wcstombs(cbuf, wc, nb + 1);SET_STRING_ELT(y, i, markKnown(cbuf, el));}Free(cbuf);} else {error(_("invalid multibyte string %d"), i+1);}}vmaxset(vmax);}R_FreeStringBufferL(&cbuff);} else {char *xi;vmax = vmaxget();for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {if (STRING_ELT(x, i) == NA_STRING)SET_STRING_ELT(y, i, NA_STRING);else {xi = CallocCharBuf(strlen(CHAR(STRING_ELT(x, i))));strcpy(xi, translateChar(STRING_ELT(x, i)));for (p = xi; *p != '\0'; p++)*p = (char) (ul ? toupper(*p) : tolower(*p));SET_STRING_ELT(y, i, markKnown(xi, STRING_ELT(x, i)));Free(xi);}vmaxset(vmax);}}SHALLOW_DUPLICATE_ATTRIB(y, x);/* This copied the class, if any */UNPROTECT(1);return(y);}typedef enum { WTR_INIT, WTR_CHAR, WTR_RANGE } wtr_type;struct wtr_spec {wtr_type type;struct wtr_spec *next;union {wchar_t c;struct {wchar_t first;wchar_t last;} r;} u;};static voidwtr_build_spec(const wchar_t *s, struct wtr_spec *trs) {int i, len = (int) wcslen(s);struct wtr_spec *This, *_new;This = trs;for (i = 0; i < len - 2; ) {_new = Calloc(1, struct wtr_spec);_new->next = NULL;if (s[i + 1] == L'-') {_new->type = WTR_RANGE;if (s[i] > s[i + 2])error(_("decreasing range specification ('%lc-%lc')"),s[i], s[i + 2]);_new->u.r.first = s[i];_new->u.r.last = s[i + 2];i = i + 3;} else {_new->type = WTR_CHAR;_new->u.c = s[i];i++;}This = This->next = _new;}for ( ; i < len; i++) {_new = Calloc(1, struct wtr_spec);_new->next = NULL;_new->type = WTR_CHAR;_new->u.c = s[i];This = This->next = _new;}}static voidwtr_free_spec(struct wtr_spec *trs) {struct wtr_spec *This, *next;This = trs;while(This) {next = This->next;Free(This);This = next;}}static wchar_twtr_get_next_char_from_spec(struct wtr_spec **p) {wchar_t c;struct wtr_spec *This;This = *p;if (!This)return('\0');switch(This->type) {/* Note: this code does not deal with the WTR_INIT case. */case WTR_CHAR:c = This->u.c;*p = This->next;break;case WTR_RANGE:c = This->u.r.first;if (c == This->u.r.last) {*p = This->next;} else {(This->u.r.first)++;}break;default:c = L'\0';break;}return(c);}typedef enum { TR_INIT, TR_CHAR, TR_RANGE } tr_spec_type;struct tr_spec {tr_spec_type type;struct tr_spec *next;union {unsigned char c;struct {unsigned char first;unsigned char last;} r;} u;};static voidtr_build_spec(const char *s, struct tr_spec *trs) {int i, len = (int) strlen(s);struct tr_spec *This, *_new;This = trs;for (i = 0; i < len - 2; ) {_new = Calloc(1, struct tr_spec);_new->next = NULL;if (s[i + 1] == '-') {_new->type = TR_RANGE;if (s[i] > s[i + 2])error(_("decreasing range specification ('%c-%c')"),s[i], s[i + 2]);_new->u.r.first = s[i];_new->u.r.last = s[i + 2];i = i + 3;} else {_new->type = TR_CHAR;_new->u.c = s[i];i++;}This = This->next = _new;}for ( ; i < len; i++) {_new = Calloc(1, struct tr_spec);_new->next = NULL;_new->type = TR_CHAR;_new->u.c = s[i];This = This->next = _new;}}static voidtr_free_spec(struct tr_spec *trs) {struct tr_spec *This, *next;This = trs;while(This) {next = This->next;Free(This);This = next;}}static unsigned chartr_get_next_char_from_spec(struct tr_spec **p) {unsigned char c;struct tr_spec *This;This = *p;if (!This)return('\0');switch(This->type) {/* Note: this code does not deal with the TR_INIT case. */case TR_CHAR:c = This->u.c;*p = This->next;break;case TR_RANGE:c = This->u.r.first;if (c == This->u.r.last) {*p = This->next;} else {(This->u.r.first)++;}break;default:c = '\0';break;}return(c);}typedef struct { wchar_t c_old, c_new; } xtable_t;static R_INLINE int xtable_comp(const void *a, const void *b){return ((xtable_t *)a)->c_old - ((xtable_t *)b)->c_old;}static R_INLINE int xtable_key_comp(const void *a, const void *b){return *((wchar_t *)a) - ((xtable_t *)b)->c_old;}#define SWAP(_a, _b, _TYPE) \{ \_TYPE _t; \_t = *(_a); \*(_a) = *(_b); \*(_b) = _t; \}#define ISORT(_base,_num,_TYPE,_comp) \{ \/* insert sort */ \/* require stable data */ \int _i, _j ; \for ( _i = 1 ; _i < _num ; _i++ ) \for ( _j = _i; _j > 0 && \(*_comp)(_base+_j-1, _base+_j)>0; _j--) \SWAP(_base+_j-1, _base+_j, _TYPE); \}#define COMPRESS(_base,_num,_TYPE,_comp) \{ \/* supress even c_old. last use */ \int _i,_j ; \for ( _i = 0 ; _i < (*(_num)) - 1 ; _i++ ){ \int rc = (*_comp)(_base+_i, _base+_i+1); \if (rc == 0){ \for ( _j = _i, _i-- ; _j < (*(_num)) - 1; _j++ ) \*((_base)+_j) = *((_base)+_j+1); \(*(_num))--; \} \} \}#define BSEARCH(_rc,_key,_base,_nmemb,_TYPE,_comp) \{ \size_t l, u, idx; \_TYPE *p; \int comp; \l = 0; \u = _nmemb; \_rc = NULL; \while (l < u) \{ \idx = (l + u) / 2; \p = (_base) + idx; \comp = (*_comp)(_key, p); \if (comp < 0) \u = idx; \else if (comp > 0) \l = idx + 1; \else{ \_rc = p; \break; \} \} \}SEXP attribute_hidden do_chartr(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP old, _new, x, y;R_xlen_t i, n;char *cbuf;SEXP el;cetype_t ienc;Rboolean use_UTF8 = FALSE;const void *vmax;checkArity(op, args);old = CAR(args); args = CDR(args);_new = CAR(args); args = CDR(args);x = CAR(args);n = XLENGTH(x);if (!isString(old) || LENGTH(old) < 1 || STRING_ELT(old, 0) == NA_STRING)error(_("invalid '%s' argument"), "old");if (LENGTH(old) > 1)warning(_("argument '%s' has length > 1 and only the first element will be used"), "old");if (!isString(_new) || LENGTH(_new) < 1 || STRING_ELT(_new, 0) == NA_STRING)error(_("invalid '%s' argument"), "new");if (LENGTH(_new) > 1)warning(_("argument '%s' has length > 1 and only the first element will be used"), "new");if (!isString(x)) error("invalid '%s' argument", "x");/* utf8towcs is really to UCS-4/2 */#if defined(Win32) || defined(__STDC_ISO_10646__) || defined(__APPLE__) || defined(__FreeBSD__)for (i = 0; i < n; i++)if (getCharCE(STRING_ELT(x, i)) == CE_UTF8) use_UTF8 = TRUE;if (getCharCE(STRING_ELT(old, 0)) == CE_UTF8) use_UTF8 = TRUE;if (getCharCE(STRING_ELT(_new, 0)) == CE_UTF8) use_UTF8 = TRUE;if (mbcslocale || use_UTF8 == TRUE)#elseif (mbcslocale)#endif{int j, nb, nc;xtable_t *xtable, *tbl;int xtable_cnt;struct wtr_spec *trs_cnt, **trs_cnt_ptr;wchar_t c_old, c_new, *wc;const char *xi, *s;struct wtr_spec *trs_old, **trs_old_ptr;struct wtr_spec *trs_new, **trs_new_ptr;/* Initialize the old and new wtr_spec lists. */trs_old = Calloc(1, struct wtr_spec);trs_old->type = WTR_INIT;trs_old->next = NULL;trs_new = Calloc(1, struct wtr_spec);trs_new->type = WTR_INIT;trs_new->next = NULL;/* Build the old and new wtr_spec lists. */if (use_UTF8 && getCharCE(STRING_ELT(old, 0)) == CE_UTF8) {s = CHAR(STRING_ELT(old, 0));nc = (int) utf8towcs(NULL, s, 0);if (nc < 0) error(_("invalid UTF-8 string 'old'"));wc = (wchar_t *) R_AllocStringBuffer((nc+1)*sizeof(wchar_t), &cbuff);utf8towcs(wc, s, nc + 1);} else {s = translateChar(STRING_ELT(old, 0));nc = (int) mbstowcs(NULL, s, 0);if (nc < 0) error(_("invalid multibyte string 'old'"));wc = (wchar_t *) R_AllocStringBuffer((nc+1)*sizeof(wchar_t), &cbuff);mbstowcs(wc, s, nc + 1);}wtr_build_spec(wc, trs_old);trs_cnt = Calloc(1, struct wtr_spec);trs_cnt->type = WTR_INIT;trs_cnt->next = NULL;wtr_build_spec(wc, trs_cnt); /* use count only */if (use_UTF8 && getCharCE(STRING_ELT(_new, 0)) == CE_UTF8) {s = CHAR(STRING_ELT(_new, 0));nc = (int) utf8towcs(NULL, s, 0);if (nc < 0) error(_("invalid UTF-8 string 'new'"));wc = (wchar_t *) R_AllocStringBuffer((nc+1)*sizeof(wchar_t), &cbuff);utf8towcs(wc, s, nc + 1);} else {s = translateChar(STRING_ELT(_new, 0));nc = (int) mbstowcs(NULL, s, 0);if (nc < 0) error(_("invalid multibyte string 'new'"));wc = (wchar_t *) R_AllocStringBuffer((nc+1)*sizeof(wchar_t), &cbuff);mbstowcs(wc, s, nc + 1);}wtr_build_spec(wc, trs_new);/* Initialize the pointers for walking through the old and newwtr_spec lists and retrieving the next chars from the lists.*/trs_cnt_ptr = Calloc(1, struct wtr_spec *);*trs_cnt_ptr = trs_cnt->next;for (xtable_cnt = 0 ; wtr_get_next_char_from_spec(trs_cnt_ptr);xtable_cnt++) ;wtr_free_spec(trs_cnt);Free(trs_cnt_ptr);xtable = (xtable_t *) R_alloc(xtable_cnt+1, sizeof(xtable_t));trs_old_ptr = Calloc(1, struct wtr_spec *);*trs_old_ptr = trs_old->next;trs_new_ptr = Calloc(1, struct wtr_spec *);*trs_new_ptr = trs_new->next;for (i = 0; ; i++) {c_old = wtr_get_next_char_from_spec(trs_old_ptr);c_new = wtr_get_next_char_from_spec(trs_new_ptr);if (c_old == '\0')break;else if (c_new == '\0')error(_("'old' is longer than 'new'"));else {xtable[i].c_old = c_old;xtable[i].c_new = c_new;}}/* Free the memory occupied by the wtr_spec lists. */wtr_free_spec(trs_old);wtr_free_spec(trs_new);Free(trs_old_ptr); Free(trs_new_ptr);ISORT(xtable, xtable_cnt, xtable_t , xtable_comp);COMPRESS(xtable, &xtable_cnt, xtable_t, xtable_comp);PROTECT(y = allocVector(STRSXP, n));vmax = vmaxget();for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {el = STRING_ELT(x,i);if (el == NA_STRING)SET_STRING_ELT(y, i, NA_STRING);else {ienc = getCharCE(el);if (use_UTF8 && ienc == CE_UTF8) {xi = CHAR(el);nc = (int) utf8towcs(NULL, xi, 0);} else {xi = translateChar(el);nc = (int) mbstowcs(NULL, xi, 0);ienc = CE_NATIVE;}if (nc < 0)error(_("invalid input multibyte string %d"), i+1);wc = (wchar_t *) R_AllocStringBuffer((nc+1)*sizeof(wchar_t),&cbuff);if (ienc == CE_UTF8) utf8towcs(wc, xi, nc + 1);else mbstowcs(wc, xi, nc + 1);for (j = 0; j < nc; j++){BSEARCH(tbl,&wc[j], xtable, xtable_cnt,xtable_t, xtable_key_comp);if (tbl) wc[j] = tbl->c_new;}if (ienc == CE_UTF8) {nb = (int) wcstoutf8(NULL, wc, 0);cbuf = CallocCharBuf(nb);wcstoutf8(cbuf, wc, nb + 1);SET_STRING_ELT(y, i, mkCharCE(cbuf, CE_UTF8));} else {nb = (int) wcstombs(NULL, wc, 0);cbuf = CallocCharBuf(nb);wcstombs(cbuf, wc, nb + 1);SET_STRING_ELT(y, i, markKnown(cbuf, el));}Free(cbuf);}vmaxset(vmax);}R_FreeStringBufferL(&cbuff);} else {unsigned char xtable[UCHAR_MAX + 1], *p, c_old, c_new;struct tr_spec *trs_old, **trs_old_ptr;struct tr_spec *trs_new, **trs_new_ptr;for (unsigned int ii = 0; ii <= UCHAR_MAX; ii++)xtable[ii] = (unsigned char) ii;/* Initialize the old and new tr_spec lists. */trs_old = Calloc(1, struct tr_spec);trs_old->type = TR_INIT;trs_old->next = NULL;trs_new = Calloc(1, struct tr_spec);trs_new->type = TR_INIT;trs_new->next = NULL;/* Build the old and new tr_spec lists. */tr_build_spec(translateChar(STRING_ELT(old, 0)), trs_old);tr_build_spec(translateChar(STRING_ELT(_new, 0)), trs_new);/* Initialize the pointers for walking through the old and newtr_spec lists and retrieving the next chars from the lists.*/trs_old_ptr = Calloc(1, struct tr_spec *);*trs_old_ptr = trs_old->next;trs_new_ptr = Calloc(1, struct tr_spec *);*trs_new_ptr = trs_new->next;for (;;) {c_old = tr_get_next_char_from_spec(trs_old_ptr);c_new = tr_get_next_char_from_spec(trs_new_ptr);if (c_old == '\0')break;else if (c_new == '\0')error(_("'old' is longer than 'new'"));elsextable[c_old] = c_new;}/* Free the memory occupied by the tr_spec lists. */tr_free_spec(trs_old);tr_free_spec(trs_new);Free(trs_old_ptr); Free(trs_new_ptr);n = LENGTH(x);PROTECT(y = allocVector(STRSXP, n));vmax = vmaxget();for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {if (STRING_ELT(x,i) == NA_STRING)SET_STRING_ELT(y, i, NA_STRING);else {const char *xi = translateChar(STRING_ELT(x, i));cbuf = CallocCharBuf(strlen(xi));strcpy(cbuf, xi);for (p = (unsigned char *) cbuf; *p != '\0'; p++)*p = xtable[*p];SET_STRING_ELT(y, i, markKnown(cbuf, STRING_ELT(x, i)));Free(cbuf);}}vmaxset(vmax);}SHALLOW_DUPLICATE_ATTRIB(y, x);/* This copied the class, if any */UNPROTECT(1);return(y);}SEXP attribute_hidden do_strtrim(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP s, x, width;R_xlen_t i, len;int nw, w, nc;const char *This;char *buf;const char *p; char *q;int w0, wsum, k, nb;wchar_t wc;mbstate_t mb_st;const void *vmax;checkArity(op, args);/* as.character happens at R level now */if (!isString(x = CAR(args)))error(_("strtrim() requires a character vector"));len = XLENGTH(x);PROTECT(width = coerceVector(CADR(args), INTSXP));nw = LENGTH(width);if (!nw || (nw < len && len % nw))error(_("invalid '%s' argument"), "width");for (i = 0; i < nw; i++)if (INTEGER(width)[i] == NA_INTEGER ||INTEGER(width)[i] < 0)error(_("invalid '%s' argument"), "width");PROTECT(s = allocVector(STRSXP, len));vmax = vmaxget();for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {if (STRING_ELT(x, i) == NA_STRING) {SET_STRING_ELT(s, i, STRING_ELT(x, i));continue;}w = INTEGER(width)[i % nw];This = translateChar(STRING_ELT(x, i));nc = (int) strlen(This);buf = R_AllocStringBuffer(nc, &cbuff);wsum = 0;mbs_init(&mb_st);for (p = This, w0 = 0, q = buf; *p ;) {nb = (int) Mbrtowc(&wc, p, MB_CUR_MAX, &mb_st);w0 = Ri18n_wcwidth(wc);if (w0 < 0) { p += nb; continue; } /* skip non-printable chars */wsum += w0;if (wsum <= w) {for (k = 0; k < nb; k++) *q++ = *p++;} else break;}*q = '\0';SET_STRING_ELT(s, i, markKnown(buf, STRING_ELT(x, i)));vmaxset(vmax);}if (len > 0) R_FreeStringBufferL(&cbuff);SHALLOW_DUPLICATE_ATTRIB(s, x);/* This copied the class, if any */UNPROTECT(2);return s;}static int strtoi(SEXP s, int base){long int res;char *endp;/* strtol might return extreme values on error */errno = 0;if(s == NA_STRING) return(NA_INTEGER);res = strtol(CHAR(s), &endp, base); /* ASCII */if(errno || *endp != '\0') res = NA_INTEGER;if(res > INT_MAX || res < INT_MIN) res = NA_INTEGER;return (int) res;}SEXP attribute_hidden do_strtoi(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP ans, x, b;R_xlen_t i, n;int base;checkArity(op, args);x = CAR(args); args = CDR(args);b = CAR(args);if(!isInteger(b) || (LENGTH(b) < 1))error(_("invalid '%s' argument"), "base");base = INTEGER(b)[0];if((base != 0) && ((base < 2) || (base > 36)))error(_("invalid '%s' argument"), "base");PROTECT(ans = allocVector(INTSXP, n = LENGTH(x)));for(i = 0; i < n; i++)INTEGER(ans)[i] = strtoi(STRING_ELT(x, i), base);UNPROTECT(1);return ans;}/* creates a new STRSXP which is a suffix of string, startingwith given index; the result is returned unprotected */SEXP attribute_hidden stringSuffix(SEXP string, int fromIndex) {int origLen = LENGTH(string);int newLen = origLen - fromIndex;SEXP res = PROTECT(allocVector(STRSXP, newLen));int i;for(i = 0; i < newLen; i++) {SET_STRING_ELT(res, i, STRING_ELT(string, fromIndex++));}UNPROTECT(1); /* res */return res;}SEXP attribute_hidden do_strrep(SEXP call, SEXP op, SEXP args, SEXP env){SEXP d, s, x, n;R_xlen_t is, ix, in, ns, nx, nn;const char *xi;int j, ni, nc;const char *cbuf;char *buf;const void *vmax;checkArity(op, args);x = CAR(args); args = CDR(args);n = CAR(args);nx = XLENGTH(x);nn = XLENGTH(n);if((nx == 0) || (nn == 0))return allocVector(STRSXP, 0);ns = (nx > nn) ? nx : nn;PROTECT(s = allocVector(STRSXP, ns));vmax = vmaxget();is = ix = in = 0;for(; is < ns; is++) {ni = INTEGER(n)[in];if((STRING_ELT(x, ix) == NA_STRING) || (ni == NA_INTEGER)) {SET_STRING_ELT(s, is, NA_STRING);continue;}if(ni < 0)error(_("invalid '%s' value"), "times");xi = CHAR(STRING_ELT(x, ix));nc = (int) strlen(xi);cbuf = buf = CallocCharBuf(nc * ni);for(j = 0; j < ni; j++) {strcpy(buf, xi);buf += nc;}SET_STRING_ELT(s, is, markKnown(cbuf, STRING_ELT(x, ix)));Free(cbuf);vmaxset(vmax);ix = (++ix == nx) ? 0 : ix;in = (++in == nn) ? 0 : in;}/* Copy names if not recycled. */if((ns == nx) &&(d = getAttrib(x, R_NamesSymbol)) != R_NilValue)setAttrib(s, R_NamesSymbol, d);UNPROTECT(1);return s;}