The R Project SVN R

\name{Constants}
\alias{LETTERS}
\alias{letters}
\alias{month.abb}
\alias{month.name}
\alias{pi}
\title{Built-in Constants}
\description{
  Constants built into \R.
}
\usage{
LETTERS
letters
month.abb
month.name
pi
}
\details{
  \R has a limited number of built-in constants (there is also a rather
  larger library of data sets which can be loaded with the function
  \code{\link{data}}).

  The following constants are available:
  \itemize{
    \item \code{LETTERS}: the 26 upper-case letters of the Roman
    alphabet;
    \item \code{letters}: the 26 lower-case letters of the Roman
    alphabet;
    \item \code{month.abb}: the three-letter abbreviations for the
    English month names;
    \item \code{month.name}: the English names for the months of the
    year;
    \item \code{pi}: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its
    diameter.
  }
}
\references{
  Becker, R. A., Chambers, J. M. and Wilks, A. R. (1988)
  \emph{The New S Language}.
  Wadsworth \& Brooks/Cole.
}
\seealso{
  \code{\link{data}}, \code{\link{DateTimeClasses}}.

  \code{\link{Quotes}} for the parsing of character constants,
  \code{\link{NumericConstants}} for numeric constants.
}
\examples{
# John Machin (1705) computed 100 decimals of pi :
pi - 4*(4*atan(1/5) - atan(1/239))

## months in English
month.name
## months in your current locale
format(ISOdate(2000, 1:12, 1), "\%B")
format(ISOdate(2000, 1:12, 1), "\%b")
}
\keyword{sysdata}