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\name{levelplot}\title{Level Plots}\synopsis{levelplot(formula,data = parent.frame(),allow.multiple = is.null(groups) || outer,outer = TRUE,aspect = "fill",panel = "panel.levelplot",prepanel = NULL,scales = list(),strip = TRUE,groups = NULL,xlab,xlim,ylab,ylim,at,cuts = 15,pretty = FALSE,region = TRUE,drop.unused.levels = lattice.getOption("drop.unused.levels"),...,default.scales = list(),colorkey = region,col.regions,alpha.regions,subset = TRUE)contourplot(formula,data = parent.frame(),panel = "panel.contourplot",prepanel = NULL,strip = TRUE,groups = NULL,cuts = 7,labels = TRUE,contour = TRUE,pretty = TRUE,region = FALSE,...,subset = TRUE)}\usage{levelplot(formula, data,at,contour = FALSE,cuts = 15,pretty = FALSE,region = TRUE,\dots,col.regions = trellis.par.get("regions")$col,colorkey = region)contourplot(formula, data, at,contour = TRUE,labels = format(at),cuts = 7,pretty = TRUE,\dots)}\description{Draw Level Plots and Contour plots.}\alias{levelplot}\alias{contourplot}\arguments{\item{formula}{a formula of the form \code{z ~ x * y | g1 * g2 * \dots},where \code{z} is a numeric response, and \code{x}, \code{y} arenumeric values evaluated on a rectangular grid. \code{g1, g2, \dots}are optional conditional variables, and must be either factors orshingles if present.Calculations are based on the assumption that all x and y values areevaluated on a grid (defined by their unique values). The functionwill not return an error if this is not true, but the display mightnot be meaningful. However, the x and y values need not be equallyspaced.As an extension to partially support the form used in\code{filled.contour} and \code{image}, \code{formula} can be amatrix.}\item{data}{optional data frame in which variables are to be evaluated}\item{at}{numeric vector giving breaks along the range of \code{z}. Contours(if any) will be drawn at these heights, and the regions in betweenwould be colored using \code{col.regions}.}\item{col.regions}{ color vector to be used if regions is TRUE. Thegeneral idea is that this should be a color vector of moderatelylarge length (longer than the number of regions. By default this is100). It is expected that this vector would be gradually varying incolor (so that nearby colors would be similar). When the colors areactually chosen, they are chosen to be equally spaced along thisvector. When there are more regions than col.regions, the colors arerecycled.}\item{colorkey}{logical specifying whether a color key is to be drawnalongside the plot, or a list describing the color key. The list maycontain the following components:\describe{\item{\code{space}:}{location of the colorkey, can be one of ``left'', ``right'',``top'' and ``bottom''. Defaults to ``right''.}\item{\code{x}, \code{y}:}{ location, currently unused }\item{\code{col}:}{ vector of colors }\item{\code{at}:}{numeric vector specifying where the colors change. must be oflength 1 more than the col vector.}\item{\code{labels}:}{a character vector for labelling the \code{at} values, or morecommonly, a list of components \code{labels, at, cex, col,font} describing label positions.}\item{\code{tick.number}:}{ approximate number of ticks. }\item{\code{corner}:}{ interacts with x, y; unimplemented }\item{\code{width}:}{ width of the key }\item{\code{height}:}{ length of key w.r.t side of plot. }}}\item{contour}{logical, whether to draw contour lines.}\item{cuts}{number of levels the range of \code{z} would be divided into}\item{labels}{logical specifying whether contour lines should be labelled, orcharacter vector of labels for contour lines. The type of labellingcan be controlled by the \code{label.style} argument, which ispassed on to \code{\link{panel.levelplot}}}\item{pretty}{logical, whether to use pretty cut locations and labels}\item{region}{logical, whether regions between contour lines should be filled}\item{\dots}{other arguments}}\details{These and all other high level Trellis functions have severalarguments in common. These are extensively documented only in thehelp page for \code{xyplot}, which should be consulted to learn moredetailed usage.Other useful arguments are mentioned in the help page for the defaultpanel function \code{\link{panel.levelplot}} (these are formallyarguments to the panel function, but can be specified in the highlevel calls directly).}\value{An object of class ``trellis''. The `update' method can be used toupdate components of the object and the `print' method (usually calledby default) will plot it on an appropriate plotting device.}\seealso{\code{\link{xyplot}}, \code{\link{Lattice}},\code{\link{panel.levelplot}}}\author{Deepayan Sarkar \email{Deepayan.Sarkar@R-project.org}}\examples{x <- seq(pi/4, 5 * pi, length = 100)y <- seq(pi/4, 5 * pi, length = 100)r <- as.vector(sqrt(outer(x^2, y^2, "+")))grid <- expand.grid(x=x, y=y)grid$z <- cos(r^2) * exp(-r/(pi^3))levelplot(z~x*y, grid, cuts = 50, scales=list(log="e"), xlab="",ylab="", main="Weird Function", sub="with log scales",colorkey = FALSE, region = TRUE)#S-PLUS examplerequire(stats)attach(environmental)ozo.m <- loess((ozone^(1/3)) ~ wind * temperature * radiation,parametric = c("radiation", "wind"), span = 1, degree = 2)w.marginal <- seq(min(wind), max(wind), length = 50)t.marginal <- seq(min(temperature), max(temperature), length = 50)r.marginal <- seq(min(radiation), max(radiation), length = 4)wtr.marginal <- list(wind = w.marginal, temperature = t.marginal,radiation = r.marginal)grid <- expand.grid(wtr.marginal)grid[, "fit"] <- c(predict(ozo.m, grid))contourplot(fit ~ wind * temperature | radiation, data = grid,cuts = 10, region = TRUE,xlab = "Wind Speed (mph)",ylab = "Temperature (F)",main = "Cube Root Ozone (cube root ppb)")detach()}\keyword{hplot}