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> #### Which functions in R are .Primitive() / which should be ?
> #### ------------------------------------------------------------
> #### M.Maechler, May, 1998.
> ####
> #### text was in ../doc/manual/primitive-funs.tex , now
> #### ==> ../doc/manual/R-exts.texi "@appendix R (internal) ...
> #### ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
>
> bpos <- match("package:base",search())
> nn <- ls(pos=bpos)
> length(nn) # 844 [R 0.62.0, March 25, 1998; 1067 R 0.64.0 March 1999]
[1] 1636
>
> is.primitive <- function (obj) is.function(obj) && is.null(args(obj))
> is.special <- function(obj) typeof(obj) == "special"
>
> Primf <- nn[sapply(nn, function(N) is.primitive(get(N, pos=bpos)))]
> length(Primf) ## 195 R 0.62.0, March 25, 1998
[1] 151
> ## 132 R 0.62.2+
> Real.primitives <-
+ list(
+ specials = c("{", "(", "if", "for", "while", "repeat", "break", "next",
+ "return", "function", "quote",
+ "on.exit" ## on.exit(expression, add=F) has two arguments in S-plus !
+ ),
+ language = c("$", "$<-", "@", "<-", "=", "<<-", "[", "[<-", "[[", "[[<-"),
+ arith = c("%%", "%*%", "%/%","*", "+", "-", "/", "^"),
+ logic = c("!", "&", "&&", "|", "||",
+ "<", "<=", "==", ">", ">=", "!="),
+ arithF =
+ c("sign", "abs",
+ "floor", "ceiling", "trunc",
+ "sqrt",
+ "exp", ## NOT: "log",
+ "cos", "sin", "tan",
+ "acos", "asin", "atan", ## Not: atan2
+ "cosh", "sinh", "tanh",
+ "acosh","asinh","atanh",
+ "cumsum","cumprod",
+ "cummax", "cummin"
+ ),
+ arithC = c("Arg", "Conj", "Im", "Mod", "Re"),
+
+ programming =
+ c("nargs", "missing", # actually args(.) could be as formal(.)
+ "interactive",
+ ".Primitive", ".Internal", ".External", ".Call",
+ ".External.graphics", ".Call.graphics",
+ ".C", ".Fortran", "symbol.C", "symbol.For",
+ "globalenv", "pos.to.env", "unclass",
+ "as.character", "as.environment",
+ ##maybe ? "gc", "gcinfo",
+ ##
+ "debug", "undebug", ".primTrace", ".primUntrace",
+ "browser", "proc.time", "gc.time", #"traceback",
+ ),
+
+ language2= c(":", "~", "c", "list", #nomore (Sep.9,1998): "unlist",
+ # ".Alias", removed for 1.5.0
+ "call", "as.call", "expression", "substitute",
+ "UseMethod", ## ? really ?
+ "standardGeneric",
+ "invisible",
+ ),
+
+ language3=
+ c("environment<-",
+ "length", "length<-",
+ "class", "class<-",
+ "attr", # again
+ "attr<-",
+ "attributes", "attributes<-",
+ "dim", "dim<-",
+ "dimnames", "dimnames<-",
+ ## MM: "comment", "comment<-",
+ ## New data.frame code
+ ## "levels", "levels<-",
+ ## "codes", "codes<-",
+ ## "[.data.frame", "[<-.data.frame",
+ ## "[[.data.frame", "[[<-.data.frame"
+ ),
+ )
> real.primitives <- unlist(Real.primitives)
> ##names(real.primitives) <- rep("",length(real.primitives))
>
> !any(duplicated(real.primitives)) # TRUE
[1] TRUE
> all(real.primitives %in% Primf) # TRUE
[1] TRUE
>
> "%w/o%" <- function(a,b) a[! a %in% b] ## a without b
>
> prim.f <- Primf %w/o% real.primitives
> ## see below: contains the is.xxxx(.) funtions
> length(prim.f) == length(Primf) - length(real.primitives)# TRUE
[1] TRUE
>
> Specf <- Primf[iPsp <- sapply(Primf, function(N) is.special(get(N, pos=bpos)))]
> length(Specf) ## 36 [ R 0.63 ]
[1] 40
> Specf
[1] "$" "$<-" "&&" ".Internal" "<-"
[6] "<<-" "=" "@" "UseMethod" "["
[11] "[<-" "[[" "[[<-" "as.character" "attr<-"
[16] "break" "browser" "c" "call" "dim"
[21] "dim<-" "dimnames" "dimnames<-" "expression" "for"
[26] "function" "if" "interactive" "missing" "nargs"
[31] "next" "on.exit" "quote" "repeat" "return"
[36] "substitute" "while" "{" "||" "~"
> ## the non-"special" ones:
> all("builtin" == sapply(Primf[!iPsp], function(N) typeof(get(N, pos=bpos))))
[1] TRUE
>
>
> ncpf <- nchar(prim.f)
> table(ncpf)
ncpf
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
1 1 6 3 8 5 4 2 2 1
> prim.f[ncpf <= 6]# only is.na, is.nan
[1] "is.na" "is.nan"
>
> ( prim.isf <- prim.f[p.isis <- substr(prim.f,1,2) == "is"] )
[1] "is.array" "is.atomic" "is.call" "is.character"
[5] "is.complex" "is.double" "is.environment" "is.expression"
[9] "is.finite" "is.function" "is.infinite" "is.integer"
[13] "is.language" "is.list" "is.loaded" "is.logical"
[17] "is.matrix" "is.na" "is.name" "is.nan"
[21] "is.null" "is.numeric" "is.object" "is.pairlist"
[25] "is.real" "is.recursive" "is.single" "is.symbol"
>
> length(prim.f2 <- prim.f[! p.isis]) # down to 87 [R 0.62.0, March 25, 1998]
[1] 5
> # 61 [March 27]
> # 43 [April 17]; 38 [April 22]
> ##-> 0 [May 1, 1998]
>
> prim.f2 # character(0) --- none left! --
[1] ".subset" ".subset2" "oldClass" "oldClass<-"
[5] "reg.finalizer"
>
> for(n in prim.f2)
+ cat(n," <- function(*) .Internal(",n,"(*))\n", sep="")
.subset <- function(*) .Internal(.subset(*))
.subset2 <- function(*) .Internal(.subset2(*))
oldClass <- function(*) .Internal(oldClass(*))
oldClass<- <- function(*) .Internal(oldClass<-(*))
reg.finalizer <- function(*) .Internal(reg.finalizer(*))
>