#### Which functions in R are .Primitive() / which should be ? #### ------------------------------------------------------------ #### M.Maechler, May, 1998. #### #### text was in ../doc/manual/primitive-funs.tex , now #### ==> ../doc/manual/R-exts.texi "@appendix R (internal) ... #### ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ bpos <- match("package:base",search()) nn <- ls(pos=bpos, all = TRUE) length(nn) # 844 [R 0.62.0, March 25, 1998; 1067 R 0.64.0 March 1999] is.primitive <- function (obj) is.function(obj) && is.null(args(obj)) is.special <- function(obj) typeof(obj) == "special" Primf <- nn[sapply(nn, function(N) is.primitive(get(N, pos=bpos)))] length(Primf) ## 195 R 0.62.0, March 25, 1998 ## 132 R 0.62.2+ Real.primitives <- list( specials = c("{", "(", "if", "for", "while", "repeat", "break", "next", "return", "function", "quote", "on.exit" ## on.exit(expression, add=F) has two arguments in S-plus ! ), language = c("$", "$<-", "@", "<-", "=", "<<-", "[", "[<-", "[[", "[[<-"), arith = c("%%", "%*%", "%/%","*", "+", "-", "/", "^"), logic = c("!", "&", "&&", "|", "||", "<", "<=", "==", ">", ">=", "!="), arithF = c("sign", "abs", "floor", "ceiling", "trunc", "sqrt", "exp", ## NOT: "log", "cos", "sin", "tan", "acos", "asin", "atan", ## Not: atan2 "cosh", "sinh", "tanh", "acosh","asinh","atanh", "cumsum","cumprod", "cummax", "cummin" ), arithC = c("Arg", "Conj", "Im", "Mod", "Re"), programming = c("nargs", "missing", # actually args(.) could be as formal(.) "interactive", ".Primitive", ".Internal", ".External", ".Call", ".External.graphics", ".Call.graphics", ".C", ".Fortran", "symbol.C", "symbol.For", "baseenv", "globalenv", "pos.to.env", "unclass", "as.character", "as.environment", ##maybe ? "gc", "gcinfo", ## "debug", "undebug", ".primTrace", ".primUntrace", "browser", "proc.time", "gc.time", #"traceback", ), language2= c(":", "~", "c", "list", #nomore (Sep.9,1998): "unlist", # ".Alias", removed for 1.5.0 "call", "as.call", "expression", "substitute", "UseMethod", ## ? really ? "standardGeneric", "invisible", ), language3= c("environment<-", "length", "length<-", "class", "class<-", "attr", # again "attr<-", "attributes", "attributes<-", "dim", "dim<-", "dimnames", "dimnames<-", ## MM: "comment", "comment<-", ## New data.frame code ## "levels", "levels<-", ## "codes", "codes<-", ## "[.data.frame", "[<-.data.frame", ## "[[.data.frame", "[[<-.data.frame" ), ) real.primitives <- unlist(Real.primitives) ##names(real.primitives) <- rep("",length(real.primitives)) !any(duplicated(real.primitives)) # TRUE all(real.primitives %in% Primf) # TRUE "%w/o%" <- function(a,b) a[! a %in% b] ## a without b prim.f <- Primf %w/o% real.primitives ## see below: contains the is.xxxx(.) funtions length(prim.f) == length(Primf) - length(real.primitives)# TRUE Specf <- Primf[iPsp <- sapply(Primf, function(N) is.special(get(N, pos=bpos)))] length(Specf) ## 36 [ R 0.63 ] Specf ## the non-"special" ones: all("builtin" == sapply(Primf[!iPsp], function(N) typeof(get(N, pos=bpos)))) ncpf <- nchar(prim.f) table(ncpf) prim.f[ncpf <= 6]# only is.na, is.nan ( prim.isf <- prim.f[p.isis <- substr(prim.f,1,2) == "is"] ) length(prim.f2 <- prim.f[! p.isis]) # down to 87 [R 0.62.0, March 25, 1998] # 61 [March 27] # 43 [April 17]; 38 [April 22] ##-> 0 [May 1, 1998] prim.f2 # character(0) --- none left! -- for(n in prim.f2) cat(n," <- function(*) .Internal(",n,"(*))\n", sep="")