% File src/library/stats/man/relevel.Rd % Part of the R package, https://www.R-project.org % Copyright 1995-2007, 2016 R Core Team % Distributed under GPL 2 or later \name{relevel} \alias{relevel} \alias{relevel.default} \alias{relevel.factor} \alias{relevel.ordered} \title{Reorder Levels of Factor} \usage{ relevel(x, ref, \dots) } \arguments{ \item{x}{an unordered factor.} \item{ref}{the reference level, typically a string.} \item{\dots}{additional arguments for future methods.} } \description{ The levels of a factor are re-ordered so that the level specified by \code{ref} is first and the others are moved down. This is useful for \code{contr.treatment} contrasts which take the first level as the reference. } \value{ A factor of the same length as \code{x}. } \details{ This, as \code{\link{reorder}()}, is a special case of simply calling \code{\link{factor}(x, levels = levels(x)[....])}. } \seealso{ \code{\link{factor}}, \code{\link{contr.treatment}}, \code{\link{levels}}, \code{\link{reorder}}. } \examples{ warpbreaks$tension <- relevel(warpbreaks$tension, ref = "M") summary(lm(breaks ~ wool + tension, data = warpbreaks)) } \keyword{utilities} \keyword{models}